Suchergebnisse

Explores intersecting dynamics of power & identity as they relate to the struggles for women's empowerment, with special reference to the Muslim world, & the experience of the international network for information, solidarity, & support: Women Living under Muslim Laws. 14 References. Adapted from the source document.

Preliminary Materials /A. Heidle and J.A.M. Snoek -- Introduction /Jan A.M. Snoek -- The Relationships Of Androgynous Secret Orders With Freemasonry. Documents On Theordre Des Hermites De Bonne Humeur In Sachsen-Gotha (1739-1758) /Bärbel Raschke -- The Grand Lodge Of Adoption, La Loge De Juste, The Hague, 1751: A Short-Lived Experiment In Mixed Freemasonry Or A Victim Of Elegant Exploitation? /Malcolm Davies -- Maçonnerie Des Dames The Plans Of The Strict Observance To Establish A Female Branch /Andreas Önnerfors -- Freemason Feminists: Masonic Reform And The Women'S Movement In France, 1840-1914 /James Smith Allen -- The 'Women's Question'. The Discussion, Especially In The Nineteenth Century, About Opening Membership Of The Dutch Grand Lodge To Women /Anton Van De Sande -- Women And The Hermetic Order Of The Golden Dawn: Nineteenth Century Occultistic Initiation From A Gender Perspective /Henrik Bogdan -- Stretton's 'Operative' Masonry: Legacy Or Forgery? By Bernard Dat Translated /Michael Taylor -- Freemasonry And Suffrage: The Manifestation Of Social Conscience /Ann Pilcher-Dayton -- 'Builders Of The Temple Of The New Civilisation': Annie Besant And Freemasonry /Andrew Prescott -- Diversity In Unity? The Masonic Traditions In Use In The Dutch Federation Of 'Le Droit Humain' /Anne Van Marion-Weijer -- Index Of Orders And Lodges /A. Heidle and J.A.M. Snoek -- Index Of Names /A. Heidle and J.A.M. Snoek.

This book explores how gender intersects with political violence, and particularly terrorism.¡ We ask how gender relations and understandings of femininity and masculinity influence political violence, which includes politics related to terrorism, state terrorism, and genocide. We investigate how women cope with and influence the politics of terrorism and genocide. The book's goals are descriptive and analytical.¡ We (1) describe in what ways women are present (and/or perceived as absent) in political contexts involving violence, and (2) analyze what gender assumptions, identities, and frames women face and themselves express and act upon regarding political violence encountered in their lives.¡ The manuscript is divided into seven chapters: introduction, women as victims/survivors of violence, women as perpetrators of violence, women in social movements responding to violence, women politicians leading policy regarding violence, the public opinion of women and men concerning violence, and a conclusion.¡ Each chapter explores the intersection between gender and terrorism through the lens of the chapter focus.

AbstractThe concept of agency is useful for feminist research on women in gender‐traditional religions. By focusing on religious women's agency, scholars understand these women as actors, rather than simply acted upon by male‐dominated social institutions. This article reviews the advantages and limitations of feminist scholarship on the agency of women who participate in gender‐traditional religions by bringing into dialog four approaches to understanding agency. The resistance agency approach focuses on women who attempt to challenge or change some aspect of their religion. The empowerment agency approach focuses on how women reinterpret religious doctrine or practices in ways that make them feel empowered in their everyday life. The instrumental approach focuses on the non‐religious positive outcomes of religious practice, and a compliant approach focuses on the multiple and diverse ways in which women conform to gender‐traditional religious teaching. This article concludes by discussing the future direction of scholarship.

Contemporary debates about collective action in civil society have given prominent place to the connections between voluntary associations and social capital. Social capital research, however, commonly over-emphasises the role of associations in generating societal-level outcomes, to the neglect of the specific contexts in which associations reside and the different opportunities individuals and groups have to access resources for and through collective action. Also largely ignored are considerations of gender. This thesis addresses these issues, presenting evidence from a case study of a large women s service organisation the VIEW Clubs of Australia to examine how social capital and women s agency intersect. The thesis adopts a social-structural approach to social capital, highlighting its role as a resource brokered through networks that both enable and constrain action. This approach attends to the inter-relations of particular types of social capital, such as bonding and bridging; specific elements of social capital, such as reciprocity, trust, and shared values, identities and purposes; and addresses the broader socio-historical context in which social capital networks are located. The thesis employs a model of agency that encompasses three core fields of agency individual, social and political. These fields of agency encapsulate the capacity for women to act and exercise choice and change in their own lives, in the community, and in the polity, and to do this through collective action. The thesis applies these ideas using an embedded case study model combining documentary analysis, participant observation and in-depth interviews. The findings reveal agency and social capital to be in tension. Activities that feed the agential capacity of the organisation and its members are more successfully realised in areas closest to women s past experiences than in those addressing the public sphere. The research nevertheless shows that a voluntary association such as VIEW can foster women s agency. Indeed, building ...

The article discusses the agency of four influential women in conjunction with Finnish population policies represented by the Population and Family Welfare Federation in Finland (founded 1941). The policies pursued by Rakel Jalas (1892-1955), a doctor of medicine and MP for the National Coalition Party, Elsa Enäjärvi-Haavio (1901-1951), academic researcher and activist, Martta Salmela-Järvinen (1892-1987), a writer, activist and MP for the Social Democratic Party, and Leena Valvanne (1920-) a midwife and trade union activist, can be characterized as maternalist. The Finnish Abortion Law (in 1971) is interpreted as an expression of the change of the era and the emphasis of the Finnish women's movement. ; The article discusses the agency of four influential women in conjunction with Finnish population policies represented by the Population and Family Welfare Federation in Finland (founded 1941). The policies pursued by Rakel Jalas (1892-1955), a doctor of medicine and MP for the National Coalition Party, Elsa Enäjärvi-Haavio (1901-1951), academic researcher and activist, Martta Salmela-Järvinen (1892-1987), a writer, activist and MP for the Social Democratic Party, and Leena Valvanne (1920-) a midwife and trade union activist, can be characterized as maternalist. The Finnish Abortion Law (in 1971) is interpreted as an expression of the change of the era and the emphasis of the Finnish women's movement.