Suchergebnisse

Agitation for women's rights in Iran is entwined with broader movements for freedom and reform that critique the Islamic Republic's shari'a law as discriminatory. Despite the foundation of these reform efforts in the social realities of contemporary Iran, anyone who critiques laws governing the rights of women is prone to the charge of insulting the sanctity and foundation of Islam and subject to harsh penalties. Reform efforts will be hamstrung until there is a foundation for open discourse and debate in Iran. Thus, human rights such as the right to freedom of expression and related rights must be seen as the fundamental basis for successful political and legal reform in Iran – whether that reform is based in liberal Islam or secularism.

Traces the nineteenth-century origins and contemporary dimensions of episcopal power, which on numerous occasions has directly blocked any advance towards women's emancipation. Feminism in Ireland is now struggling to recover from the series of defeats and defections that have weakened it in recent years, but the general backwardness of established politics continues to make issues of women's rights--and particularly such basic questions as divorce and birth control--an even more sensitive index of social change than elsewhere in Europe. (Abstract amended)

While dictatorships perform worse than democracies in respect for most human rights, a large number of autocracies have prioritized the advancement of women's rights. We present a theory of authoritarian rights provision that focuses on the incentives for dictatorships to secure women's loyalty, and we identify the particular capacity of institutionalized party-based regimes to supply—and capitalize from—women's rights policies. Analyzing a comprehensive sample of authoritarian regimes from 1963 to 2009, we find that party-based regimes are associated with greater economic and political rights for women irrespective of whether they hold multiparty elections. A comparative exploration of authoritarian Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya sheds further light on these findings and examines alternative explanations. Our account of women's rights as a tool of autocratic party coalition-building contrasts with the provision of civil and associational rights—so-called "coordination goods"—which represents a concession to the opposition and tends to accompany liberalization.

Women's rights in classical Islamic law : an expository study / Mansur Isa Yelwa and Abdul Haseeb Ansari -- Equality clause of modern constitutions : women and Islamic law / Abdul Haseeb Ansari, Zaleha Kamaruddin & Umar A. Oseni -- The legal protection of women prisoners in Islamic law / Nasimah Hussin and Wan Roslili Abdul Majid -- Obligations under CEDAW and the implementations in selected Muslim countries / Abdul Haseeb Ansari, Zaleha Kamaruddin & Abdulfatai O. Sambo -- Wives' right to the government retirement benefit : is it Syariah compliant or subject to fara'id distribution? / Mohamad Asmadi Abdullah -- The economic rights of women under Islamic law : the obstacles and challenges in contemporary Nigeria / R.K. Salmam and Abdulraheem Nimah Modupe -- Rights of a housewife in the husband's business : the issues of matrimonial property : the Malaysia family law and Shari'ah perspective / Zuhairah Ariff Abd Ghadas and Norliah Ibrahim -- Breastfeeding (Rada'ah) under Islamic law and its promotion towards sustaining mother and her children's health / Azizah Mohd and Siti Zainab Abd Rashid -- Right of women to Mahr (dower) under Islamic law and Malaysian family law : some suggestions for reform / Nora Abdul Hak -- Leadership : does gender matter? / Nor Asiah Mohamad and Maizatun Mustafa -- Women's right to lead her marriage contract ('aqd) under Islamic law : an appraisal of the difference of opinion under the majority (jumhur) and the Hanafi school of law / Azizah Mohd and Badruddin Hj Ibrahim -- The effect of conversion on non-Muslim marriages : special reference to women / Abdul Rahman Bin Awang -- Women's matrimonial rights in her marriage : theory and contemporary practice / Najibah Mohd Zin & Thureya Rahma Ali Darani

Explored & explained is the wide gap between two important perspectives regarding the ethics of fertility control: (1) the feminist position that the needs of individual women should always take precedence over less concrete notions of what is good for society; & (2) the family planning establishment position that since reproductive behavior on the individual level may have severe negative consequences for the larger society, it may be necessary & correct to regulate the reproductive behavior of women. The biological, economic, political, & social implications of reproduction are discussed, & it is concluded that there is a direct relationship between societal dominance of women & the great power inherent in the control of reproduction. Questions are raised regarding the kind of society that could maximize the reproductive rights of women without creating a mirror image of the current situation, & thus violating the rights of men. AA.

Features of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights; role of the Commission on the Status of Women.

AbstractOver the last two decades, women leaders known as sulāliyāt from various parts of rural and semiurban Morocco, have been in the vanguard of local contestations over the privatization of communally held land. The stand taken by these rural women against neoliberal privatization policies sometimes puts them in direct confrontation with urban women reformers, whose claims in favor of a universal feminism reveal a value system outside local customary understandings of morality, gender, and land. This article aims to account for the emerging female leadership of the sulāliyāt that operates outside urban centers, but also beyond the universalist language of feminism related to abstract notions of female autonomy and gender equality. Deeply rooted in socioeconomic issues, including land expropriation and the displacement of local peasant populations in the name of reform, development, and a public common good, sulāliyāt tie gender dynamics to the intersectional structural inequalities produced and reproduced by land privatization and by the alliance between the open-market economy and patriarchal political authoritarianism. This article explores the subaltern agency of the sulāliyāt through an interdisciplinary examination of their leadership. The sulāliyāt challenge to official narratives of development and universalist human rights signals their capacity to formulate alternative local meanings of land ownership.

An examination of the UN Charter, the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, examining the wording & resulting interpretations with respect to women's rights. The story of the drafting process is told with illustrative vignettes, referencing various participants' statements & dialogue with each other. Despite discussion, contention, & lobbying, linguistic sexism still exists in the finished document. Particularly problematic are: the reference to "all men" in Article 1, issues regarding the family & children in Articles 16 & 25, marriage & divorce in Article 16, & suffrage & pay in Articles 21 & 32. It is argued, however, that the Universal Declaration does not deny women's rights as individuals. C. Grindle

Today, there is almost no field into which Egyptian women have not ventured, yet their status in society remains unequal to that of men. While many factors account for the prevailing gender gap, male-dominated institutions have continued to relegate women's concerns to a low priority, impeding their progress. This monograph contends that recent public discourse in Egypt is dominated by the conservative polemics of the Islamists and that the state, in its attempt to contain the Islamists, has subordinated women's issues to its own concerns for security and legitimacy. Renewed appeals urging women to retreat to the private sphere and the appearance of the Islamic attire reflect the blurring of boundaries between the secular and the religious. The present condition of Egyptian women is summarized in this monograph as a prelude to illustrating how women's issues continue to be relegated to a subordinate position for political expediency. The concluding chapter presents resistance strategies that a number of civil society organizations are adopting to create alternative discourses that give women their rightful positions in the private and public spheres.