The article provides an overview of the international trade topics being discussed at the World Trade Organization. In reviewing the background of the liberalization process from the Brazilian point of view, the author emphasizes the need for greater domestic awareness of the emerging issues and new directions which are to be discussed at the Singapore Conference. Occupying a central position within this context is the question of multilateralism versus regionalism and its consequences. The author describes other controversial themes debated in the forums, including the social clause, investment, competition policies and the environmental issue. (Polit Externa/DÜI)
The first biannual Ministerial Meeting of the World Trade Organization took place in Singapore at the end of 1996. The meeting was the focus of widespread expectation, because a lack of success might have damaged the credibility of this new international body. However, the Ministerial Declaration issued at the end of the meeting gave clear signs that the WTO had consolidated its position as an important forum for issues related to the multilateral system of trade. From the Brazilian perspective the results were satisfactory. Brazil's interests were largely safeguarded in issues such as the social clause and the formation of regional blocks and investments, although less so in the discussion of the built-in agricultural agenda. (Polit Externa/DÜI)
This paper examines the new trends in commercial relations among countries involved in the global trade market, taking into account new determining factors such as China's probable admission into the WTO and the growing participation of some Asian countries in the global trade. It is also emphasized that, despite its economic stability, Brazil has been losing ground to other emerging economies because of the lack of qualified staff to conduct its internal transition into a more realistic and updated view of global trade, and also due to its domestic commercial deficit and a restrictive policy. (Polit Externa/DÜI)
This paper analyses Brazilian multilateral commercial diplomacy first in the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) between 1947 and 1994, then in the World Trade Organization (WTO) between 1995 and 1999. Participation in the GATT and the WTO has traditionally occupied an important position in the Brazilian agenda, but not always for the same reasons. The historical section is followed by an appraisal of Brazilian long-term multilateral commercial diplomacy in the GATT and the WTO, and in the final section the way ahead is pointed out. (Polit Externa/DÜI)
This research seeks to examine the policy performance of international concertation of India, Brazil & South Africa based on the behavior of the countries' foreign policies related. The hypothesis is that an efficient political performance between Intermediate States depends on external political assertions & aligned in the search for achieving the preferences (institutional goals) of their agreement, designed here for evaluation as part of international institutions like the United Nations & the World Trade Organization. Adapted from the source document.
Considering the extraordinary economic growth experienced by China in recent years, especially after its entry into the World Trade Organization, this essay on the Sino-Brazilian relationship will, while analyzing the historical process in its different dimensions, attempt to determine, on one hand, whether current relations may still be understood from the perspective of South-South cooperation, and, on the other, whether the Chinese economic boom may be defining a new, much more competitive than cooperative relationship. Adapted from the source document.
This article analyses the performance of the Dispute Settlement Body of World Trade Organization, between 1995 and 2007. This organ is one of the most important for a for conflict resolution today, because the number of cases, states and amounts in dispute. I intend to study the fulfillment of proceedings; the originality of the mechanisms to induce compliance; the progressive legitimacy of the whole system and the main suggestions to reform it. Adapted from the source document.
Foreign Minister of Brazil since 2003, Ambassador Celso Amorim outlines the main guidelines and accomplishments of Brazil's foreign policy under President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva. The article provides a full-fledged, although not exhaustive, narrative of a number of diplomatic initiatives championed by Brazil over the last eight years: from the gathering of the group of developing countries in a World Trade Organization (WTO) meeting in Cancun to the negotiations that led to the Declaration of Tehran, as well as the challenges the country has been facing as its international weight grows. Adapted from the source document.
This article analyzes developing countries performance at the World Trade Organization (WTO) accordingly to two aspects: developing country coalitions and developing country participation in the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB). The authors conclude that developing countries use institutional mechanisms as their main strategy in order to increase their capacity relatively to developed countries. Thus, developing countries have worked within the existing trade structure in order to try to adapt it to their interests. Developing countries have managed to create and maintain coalitions at the WTO, despite their economic and political diversity. As regards their participation in the DSB, although the number of panels opened by developing countries has increased, it is still concentrated in a small group of developing countries, mainly Brazil and India. Adapted from the source document.
The general objective of this article is to investigate, in Foucault's perspective, the relations between government and subjectivity, through the arts of government and the constitution of the modern state. In this task, we consider the courses given by Foucault, Security, Territory, Population and The birth of biopolitics, to deal with the presence of pastoral power in the constitution of governmentality. The specific objective is to research other possibilities of social organization, associated with democratic principles, such as solidarity and self-management in opposition to the effects generated by neoliberalism, with a generalization of market values in individual and collective practices. In our hypothesis, we consider an anarchist perspective as the vital counterpoint in the production of other forms of social and political life, beyond exclusively economic principles. At this point, we present the basic concepts of anarchist values, such as an idea of self-management, mutual support, an idea of freedom, found in Bakunin, Kropotkin and Goldman, and a possibility of thinking about resistances and practices in the present, as reflected by Rago. We also went through a critique of the model of social organization and the very idea of democracy, based on Graeber's indicators in A project of democracy. Finally, our effort aim to reflect on the possibilities of another world, from a perspective that is radically opposed to the political and social practices that are found nowadays. We intend, therefore, to think about the present time and the possibility of new forms of existence.
