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Dr. Hu Shih (1891-1962) was one of China's top scholars and diplomats and served as the Republic of China's ambassador to the United States during World War II. As early as 1941, Hu Shih warned of the fundamental ideological conflict between dictatorial totalitarianism and democratic systems, a view that later became the foundation of the Cold War narrative. In the 1950s, after Mao's authoritarian regime was established, Hu Shih started to analyze the development and nature of Communism, delivering a series of lectures and addresses to reveal what he called Stalin's "grand strategy" for facilitating the International Communist Movement. For decades--and today to a certain extent--Hu Shih's political writings were considered sensitive and even dangerous. As a strident critic of the Chinese Communist Party's oligarchical practices, he was targeted by the CCP in a concerted national campaign to smear his reputation, cast aspersions on his writings, and generally destroy any possible influence he might have in China. This volume brings together a collection of Hu Shih's most important, mostly unpublished, English-language speeches, interviews, and commentaries on international politics, China-U.S. relations, and the International Communist Movement. Taken together, these works provide an insider's perspective on Sino-American relations and the development of the International Communist Movement over the course of the 20th century

本文以北朝戰爭書寫為題。記錄北朝戰爭的大多是正史等歷史文獻,這些並非全然客觀中立的書寫,而是包含官方意識形態、史家個人情懷等因素;甚至一些看似「客觀」的記錄,如兵力數字、氣候、地理,其實也有可能經過了史家有意的再創造。本文嘗試對歷史文本做進一步發掘,分析文本的內外關聯,如影響戰爭書寫的政治文化力量、史學內部傳統等,從而從側面增進對於古代戰爭的認識。 ; 本文匯集一些個案研究,分別討論北朝幾次戰爭記錄中的兵力數字、北周開國君主形象、北朝勝利和失敗的武將的書寫方式、胡族戰略戰術分析,以及記錄李淵建唐的《大唐創業起居注》等。 ; 本文嘗試指出,北朝戰爭書寫最為突出的特點,可歸結為「去胡化」,或者「由胡入漢」:北朝諸政權大多是胡族政權,但在東魏北齊以及唐初的史家筆下,這些北朝胡族政權的君主、將士,胡族色彩並不濃重,反而大多蒙上一層漢族文化的面紗;胡人的戰略戰術、戰爭過程的記錄都接近漢人的傳統方式。 ; This dissertation discusses the writing of warfare in the Northern Dynasties, Medieval China. Most of the records on the warfare are from official histories written in Northern Qi (550-577) and Tang Dynasty (618-907). These records, however, are under the influence of political and cultural powers, such as political struggles and orthodoxy. Even some of so called objective description, such as records of the place, time, figure and climate may be kind of recreation of the writers. This dissertation tries to analyze context of these records, including their political and cultural background, along with the development of historiography and other writing traditions. ; This dissertation is made up of several case studies, discussing respectively figures in battle, adventure of Yuwen Tai (the leader of the military group in Western Wei), the image of generals in the Northern Dynasties, the description of strategy and tactics of nomad people, and the historical record of Li Yuan, founder of Tang Dynasty. The principal conclusion is that in the official histories historians descript nomad people in traditional Chinese way. Sinicization of the nomad people is the most important characteristics of the writing of warfare in Northern Dynasties: the nomad leaders and generals are close to Chinese emperors and generals, the nomadic way of war is replaced by the Chinese way. ; Detailed summary in vernacular field only. ; Detailed summary in vernacular field only. ; Detailed summary in vernacular field only. ; 雷仕偉. ; Parallel title from added title page. ; Thesis (Ph.D.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2015. ; Includes ...

一九七六年,隨著毛澤東逝世和「四人幫」倒台,中國共産黨在一九七七年宣布歷時十年的「文化大革命」正式結束,標誌了中華人民共和國後毛澤東時期開始。政治上,中國共產黨中央委員會放棄了過去以階級鬥爭和群衆運動爲主導的治國方針,將工作重點放在經濟建設上。對於向來和政治關係密切的中國文學界而言,「文革」的結束意味著官方意識形態高度干預文學創作的時期正式告終,「新時期文學」的發生乃二十世紀中國文學繼五四運動以後的另一次重大轉折。 ; 後毛澤東時期的中國文學主題紛陳多樣,絶非三言兩語所能概括。不過,對共和國歷史進程的重現及反思可謂始終貫串於當代小說的主題。按照馬克思唯物史觀之觀點和毛澤東的詮釋,中國在革命成功後將會由「一窮二白」的國家,逐步邁向「各盡所能,按需分配」的「共産主義烏托邦」;然而爲了儘早實現共産主義而發動的各種「烏托邦運動」卻導致動亂與災難。歷史在「應該如何發生」與「實際如何發生」之間産生了巨大的落差,既吞噬了無數擁抱革命的生靈,亦叫生者留下難以磨滅的傷痛。在各種以歷史進程爲反思對象的小說中,有一個面向經常被文學史家忽略。這些小說以烏托邦書寫的文學形式,透過文字來虛構各種烏托邦(更多時候是惡托邦),表達了作家對晚清以來中國追求理想社會的歷史回顧,對烏托邦運動的本質深入省思,甚或設想中國歷史發展的另類可能出路;此類作品在後毛澤東時期的小說版圖中別樹一幟。本文旨在深入考察具有烏托邦書寫特徵的中國大陸當代小說,讓這個面向重新進入文學史家的視野。 ; 本文共分六章。第一章緒論部分,介紹本文的研究背景及烏托邦的意涵,簡述其在中西方的歷程,然後解說烏托邦書寫的定義;進而回顧前人研究,闡釋本文研究目的、意義、範圍及方法。第二章至第五章爲本文核心部分,引入相關文學及文化理論,探討後毛澤東時期中國大陸小說烏托邦書寫的各種表現。第二章討論莫應豐《桃源夢》的惡托邦書寫,分析小說怎樣敷演一場從烏托邦追求而起,以惡托邦告終的悲劇,考察它如何達成批判儒家「大同」社會烏托邦及「文革」烏托邦運動的雙重目的,並如何回應了一九八零年代中國小說所關懷的主題。第三章分析李佩甫《羊的門》,探討李佩甫如何在文學主題多元的一九九零年代,以烏托邦書寫思考在共和國的歷史進程中,農村的烏托邦之路應該怎樣走;以及他對中國前途存在的困惑。第四章探討閻連科《受活》,這部在新世紀備受關注的小說不單呈現了烏托邦和樂園之間的角力,同時展示了閻連科的反烏托邦立場,批評了在後毛澤東時期仍然深具影響力的革命意識形態。第五章對格非在新世紀推出的「烏托邦三部曲」進行整體性探討,分析當中的反烏托邦書寫策略,以及小說如何呈現後毛澤東時期那種充斥虛無主義和享樂主義的「後烏托邦狀態」,亦會兼及格非如何看待各種烏托邦運動下的個體聲音。第六章為總結,綜合前文所論,指出後毛澤東時期中國大陸小說如何以烏托邦書寫來反思歷史,同時在烏托邦追求與反烏托邦立場之間擺盪。最後,本文藉香港作家陳冠中《盛世》為例,說明關心中國社會何去何從的作家早已不限於中國大陸作家。由此可見,關於中國的烏托邦書寫將會是一個持續進行的文學議題。 ; In 1976, Mao Zedong died and the 'Gang of Four' went down. These events brought down the curtain on the Cultural Revolution, which had spanned 10 years from 1966 to 1976, as declared officially by the Communist Party of China in 1977, and inaugurated the Post-Mao era of the People's Republic of China. Politically, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China started to focus its agenda on economic development, forgoing its former ruling policies upholding class struggle and mass movement. Since Chinese literature has always borne close ties with national politics, the end of the Cultural Revolution also implied the phasing out of government's iron-handed intervention in literary writings. The rise of "Literature of the New Era (Xinshiqi ...

陳健成. ; "2009年8月". ; "2009 nian 8 yue". ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-111). ; Abstracts in Chinese and English. ; Chen Jiancheng. ; Chapter 第一章 --- 明代經世思想及經世文編之研究回顧 --- p.頁 1 ; Chapter 第二章 --- 明代經世文編的規模 ; Chapter 第一節 --- 「明代經世文編」所指涉的文集 --- p.頁22 ; Chapter 第二節 --- 明代經文編的編成年代及卷帙 --- p.頁27 ; Chapter 第三節 --- 明代經世文編規模之沿革 --- p.頁31 ; 小結 --- p.頁54 ; Chapter 第三章 --- 明代經世文編的編者及編輯思想 ; Chapter 第一節 --- 編者們的編輯動機及經世思想 --- p.頁61 ; Chapter 第二節 --- 編者們的編選原則 --- p.頁66 ; 小結 --- p.頁72 ; Chapter 第四章 --- 明代經世文編的内容主題 ; Chapter 第一節 --- 分析的基準 --- p.頁74 ; Chapter 第二節 --- 選文的內容大概和關注重點 --- p.頁81 ; Chapter 第三節 --- 經世文編的內容特色 --- p.頁84 ; 小結 --- p.頁97 ; 結論 --- p.頁100 ; 參考書目 --- p.頁102

Alcohol and opium in China -- Manchurian context -- Evaluating alcohol -- Selling slcohol, selling modernity -- Writing intoxicant consumption -- The hostess scare -- Reasoning addiction, taking the cures -- The opium monopoly's "interesting discussion" -- Conclusion -- Glossary.

Zhou, Yi. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 153-168). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.2 ; Table of Contents --- p.6 ; Introduction --- p.8 ; Chapter Chapter One: --- Return to the Parole --- p.22 ; Chapter 1.1 --- The Language Dilemma and Appeal of Asian American Literature --- p.23 ; "Language: Community, Nation and Power" --- p.24 ; Claiming a Right to Standard English --- p.29 ; Claiming a Right to Multiple Tongues --- p.32 ; Problems with Previously Mentioned Ways of Resistance --- p.36 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Kingston´ةs Language Choice and Writing Strategies --- p.40 ; Poetic Language: From Kristeva to Kingston --- p.41 ; Heterogeneity: Kingston as a Bilingual Writer --- p.44 ; Diversity: A New Fusion Language --- p.51 ; Dialogism: From Words to Culture --- p.58 ; Chapter Chapter Two: --- Return to the Body --- p.73 ; Chapter 2.1 --- From Parole to the Body --- p.76 ; "Langue, Parole, Subject" --- p.77 ; Deconstruction of the Subject: The Maternal Body --- p.79 ; "Chora´ح-- A Bodily Metaphor for Resistance to Langue --- p.81 ; Chapter 2.2 --- Body-Based Writing --- p.83 ; Let the Body Speak --- p.84 ; "Female Writers, Body Consciousness" --- p.87 ; Kingston´ةs Bodily and Life Experience --- p.90 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Gaze on the Body´ؤKingston's Body Writing on Male --- p.93 ; Objectification: Seeing and Being Seen --- p.94 ; Objectified Body-From Body to Flesh --- p.96 ; Objectification as Alienation --- p.99 ; Body´ةs Spontaneous Resistance: Pain --- p.103 ; Chapter Chapter Three: --- Return to the Minor --- p.111 ; Chapter 3.1 --- Speech Act: Another View on Resistance to Langue --- p.113 ; Austin: Speech Is Itself a Form of Action --- p.113 ; "Derrida: "Iterability""" --- p.116 ; Judith Butler: A Politics of the Performative --- p.119 ; Chapter 3.2 --- The Revolt of Minor Tongue: On Language Appropriation --- p.122 ; "Performing a "Twin Skin""" --- p.123 ; The Stereotypical Linguistic Reality --- p.127 ; "Insurrectionary ...

Chan Chi Ho. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 165-184). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Notes to the Readers --- p.ii ; Abstract --- p.iii ; Chinese Abstract --- p.iv ; Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter Chapter One --- Imperial Cults as a Context of the Lukan Writings: Historical Preliminaries --- p.11 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Imperial Cults or Emperor Cults as a Religion in the Roman Empire --- p.13 ; Chapter 1.2 --- "The Lukan Perspective: Between the Author, the Literary Text, the Reader, and Their Historical Context" --- p.23 ; Chapter 1.2.1 --- Authorship and Intended Readership of the Lukan Writings --- p.24 ; Chapter 1.2.2 --- Time of Composition --- p.30 ; Chapter 1.2.3 --- Further Notes on Luke-Acts' Historical Situation --- p.37 ; Chapter 1.3 --- The Lukan Perspective on the Roman Empire Rethought --- p.42 ; Chapter Chapter Two --- A Contra-cultural Reformed Judaism Surpassing the Imperial Cult? Assessing Allen Brent's Interpretation of the Lukan Writings --- p.49 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.49 ; Chapter 2.2 --- "An Overview of Brent's Interpretation of Luke's ""Political Theology""" --- p.53 ; Chapter 2.2.1 --- Contra-cultural Strategy and Social Reintegration into the Host Culture --- p.53 ; Chapter 2.2.2 --- The Augustan Saeculum Aureum and Luke's Delayed Parousia --- p.54 ; Chapter 2.2.3 --- Latent Conflicts Remain --- p.57 ; Chapter 2.2.4 --- "A ""Political Theology"" Doomed to Fail: Domitian and the Fiscus Iudaicus" --- p.57 ; Chapter 2.3 --- "An Evaluation of Brent's Interpretation of Luke's ""Political Theology""" --- p.58 ; Chapter 2.3.1 --- Lukan vs. Imperial Eschatologies --- p.58 ; Chapter 2.3.2 --- """Jewish"" or Pagan Backcloth?" --- p.58 ; Chapter 2.3.3 --- Roman State Religion or Greek Imperial Cults? --- p.59 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Conclusion --- p.61 ; Chapter Chapter Three --- King Agrippa I Smitten by an Angel of the Lord: Acts 12:20-23 and the Lukan Attitude towards Emperor Worship --- p.63 ; Chapter 3.1 --- ...

Winner of ABC's award for Distinguished Publication for 2006 This book explores effective written communication across cultures both theoretically and practically. Specifically it conceptualizes cross-cultural genre study and compares English and Chinese business writing collected from Australia, New Zealand and China. It is also one of those inspired by contrastive rhetoric but has contributed innovatively and uniquely by incorporating research findings from genre analysis, in particular, the sociocognitive genre perspective into this cross-cultural study. On the one hand, the endeavor represents an in-depth theoretical exploration by considering not only discourse community and cognitive structuring, but also the deep semantics of genre and intertextuality, while broadening genre study by integrating insights from cross-cultural communication as well as the Chinese perspectives. On the other hand, the book also addresses pragmatic issues. As a particular feature, it solicits professional members' intercultural viewpoints; thus confirming the shared social "stock of knowledge" employed in the culturally defined writing conventions. Last but not least, this book explores the implications for genre education and training, and develops an appropriate model for cross-cultural genre learning, which encourages learning through legitimate peripheral participation and intercultural learning in business organizations.

瘋狂是人類文明的產物,一直被視為另類、邊緣,與理性對立,因而受到排斥。然而,文學上的「瘋狂」卻有其寶貴的價值,往往是反思與批判固有價值與主流意見的工具,據此發出異議聲音。本文關注這種書寫策略在當代台灣文學場域中的出現方式、文學價值與文化意義,因此以分析小說作品與文學脈絡來說明「瘋狂」的文學脈絡,闡釋當代台灣文學的現象與特色。 ; 解嚴(1987 年)是台灣近三十年來的重大事件,亦是近年來台灣文化與本土論述的焦點所在。其影響不獨改變了政治與社會生態,亦為台灣的藝術文化帶來巨大衝擊。戒嚴成為台灣民眾不能磨滅的歷史記憶,各種異議的思想與言論遭受壓抑,直至解嚴才出現新局面,自九十年代開展多元文化思潮。當時,不少作家藉著「瘋狂」書寫另闢膜徑,重新構想歷史,揭藥文化霸權下的種種不安。台灣文學己藉由不同形式搖動一元論述的霸權,加上西方後現代、後殖民思潮的引入,學院的主動引介和翻譯,民間白發的社會運動等,皆為解嚴後的文化現象埋下種種伏線。從文學史脈絡而言,台灣的文學生產的確迅速回應了政治解禁,並以獨特的方式透露社會文化上的騷動。 ; 為了掌握上述的歷史脈絡,本文以解嚴為時間標竿閱讀當代台灣小說,藉此分析解嚴與文學現象的互動關係,指出文學如何展示解嚴前後的歷史想像。因此,本文以「瘋狂」為切入點,分析以瘋狂為題材的書寫如何與解嚴前後己解放的議題對話,包括性別認同、身分與族群認同,挑戰政治霸權以及後工業經濟環境下的都市文化等,目的在於驗證「瘋狂」對後解嚴文學所起的作用和價值。 ; 本文共分為七章。首章為緒論交代研究動機及方法;第二章為文獻回顧與述評,點出當前的研究成果;第三章旨在交代後解嚴時期小說場域狀況的概述,並界定「瘋狂」的文學意義,藉此論證台灣當代文學與文化的互動關係。第四章題為「國族瘋言與都市病」,借助張大春、李渝與黃凡的作品,切入認同政治與都市化問題對文學書寫的影響。第五章為「虛幻實景與不存在之存在」,旨在察看兩位小說家賀景演與紀大偉,如何藉書寫科幻來展示對未來世界與歷史景觀的想像,以展望當下發展中的文化議題。第六章為「神聖瘋狂與不可能之可能」, 旨在檢視兩位將「瘋狂」書寫演繹得淋漓盡致的作家駱以軍與舞鶴,如何在作品中借助敘述肉體與心靈的瘋狂,探討在多元文化認同觀的氣氛下重思自我主體的問題。末章結論,以總結全文與展望將來的研究方向。 ; 本文認為,後解嚴時期小說每以「瘋狂」的視角重新認知變動的世惰。這些作品透過創造各種怪誕場景與行為,呈現個體與權力之間的角力,反省語言與書寫策略的局限,以及批判自我主體的意識,因而為台灣當代文學場域帶來豐富的收獲。 ; Madness has its own history among civilizations. From time to time, madness is not only simply a kind of pathological disorder, but also takes a significant cultural role to represent the voiceless, the minorities. As in contemporary Taiwan literature,madness gradually becomes a medium to express different opinions to the society. It inquires from margin to centre which is empowered by the political establishment. It is not only a common topic to be discussed, but also an important writing strategy forwriters to proclaim their historical imagination about the past, present and future. ; In 1987, a significant political issue, the Martial Law, was put to an end in Taiwan. After that, due to the liberation of freedom of speech, a booming trend of multiculturalism appeared and brought out great influences to all parts of the society, especially the field ofliterature. Many writers started to change their narration style and inclined their focus on ...