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Currently, there are trends in the world associated with an increase in the age of marriage at first marriage and an increase in the number of divorces. These trends are also observed in Russia. The norms and values of the family institution are being transformed, making it more and more unstable, which arouses interest from demographers, psychologists, economists, and sociologists. Within the framework of this work, the author's analyze approaches to the definition of "young family", consider measures of state and regional support for the family, as well as risk factors for family breakdown relative to its life cycles. In addition, the author's attention is paid to the results of all-Russian studies illustrating the opinion of Russians regarding marriage and family relations. The materials studied confirm that a young family must consolidate its special status in state policy, since it most of all needs material, social and value support. The state and society are obliged to share responsibility for the development and well-being of young families.

The results of a sociological study conducted in Saratov show that the modern young family is transitional from the first traditional type to the second, partner. Its life is characterized by the lengthening of the marital period, a variety of leisure activities, the traditional distribution of duties, limited material opportunities, help from parents, a high level of conflict. Despite the low awareness of measures to support young families, the majority of respondents are aware of the need to create special programs aimed at comprehensive support of young families. According to young spouses, these projects should be aimed at solving the housing problem, promoting employment, social and psychological education of young families. The priority direction of the state family policy of the Russian Federation is strengthening the institution of the young family and overcoming its disadvantages. The state, acting as a partner of a young family, is called upon to actively participate in the process of its adaptation to various living conditions and constantly adjust these conditions based on the interests of the family itself. Family policy consists in providing the necessary conditions for the stabilization of a young family: it unites the interests of all families, forms a favorable socio-cultural environment for their lifes, harmonizes both intra-family relations and the relationship between the family, the state and society.

During the formation of the economic system in Russia in family settings and values changed. Great changes in the political, economic and cultural spheres of our society entail a radical change in psychology, valuable orientations and actions of people. Special urgency acquires today the studying of changes in the minds of today's youth. Inevitable under the existing foundations breaking of values, its crisis is mostly manifested in the minds of people of this social group

The article is devoted to a socio-philosophical analysis of a young family, identifying its typical problems and developing proposals for strengthening it. The author examined the distinctive features of a young family according to such criteria as age, duration of marriage, presence of children, official registration of marriage. Based on the results of empirical research and the opinions of a number of domestic researchers, the author examines changes associated with the structure and functions of a young family (structural-functional analysis). According to the criterion of the sphere in which difficulties arise associated with conflicts in marriage and its disintegration, all problems were divided into problems of an ideological and personal-social nature, problems associated with disagreements in the understanding of family roles, the absence of children, and material and everyday ones. From the point of view of the fulfillment of family functions by a young family, it is important to note that it performs more non-specific functions related to mutual support, communication, stability, and ensuring everyday life. The second part of the article suggests ways to strengthen a young family with an emphasis on preparation for both married life and parenthood.

Nutrition, physical activity and lifestyle in pregnancy influence maternal and child health. The "Healthy start - Young Family Network" supported by the German Government with the national action plan IN FORM developed recommendations on nutrition in pregnancy. Folic acid supplements (400 µg/day) should be started before pregnancy and continue for at least the first trimester. Iodine rich foods and salt and an iodine supplement (100-150 µg/day) are recommended. Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids should be provided with>= 1 weekly portion of oily sea fish, or a DHA-supplement if regular fish consumption is avoided. Vitamin D supplementation is advisable unless there is regular exposure to sunlight. Iron supplements should be used based on medical history and blood testing. Vegetarian diets with nutritional supplements can provide adequate nutrition, but counselling is recommended. In contrast, a vegan diet is inadequate and requires additional micronutrient supplementation. For risk reduction of listeriosis and toxoplasmosis, raw animal foods, soft cheeses and packed fresh salads should be avoided; fresh fruit, vegetables and salad should be washed well and consumed promptly. Pregnant women should remain physically active and perform sports with moderate intensity. They should avoid alcohol, active and passive smoking. Up to 3 daily cups of coffee are considered harmless, but energy drinks should be avoided. Childhood allergy is not reduced by avoiding certain foods in pregnancy whereas oily sea fish is recommended. Health care professions should lead parents to health-promoting lifestyles. Subjects of part 1 of the article are practice recommendations on nutrition, on energy needs, micronutrient needs and body weight/weight gain in pregnancy.

Actuality of prophylaxis of violence in relations is dictated byhis considerable diplays. To that end the legislative providing is worked out and scientific researches areinitiated. The overhaul of problem provides for specific going near violence in domestic relations, as each of them has thesigns. Physical, economic, psychological, sexual violencehas different degree of display in domestic relations, causesand effects. Methodological approach that is based on the optimalselection of respondents, and the analysis of judgements ofyoung pairs to the types of violence on the basis of theconducted questionnaire testifies to the general tendenciesin attitude of young people toward this phenomenon inrelations. Drawn conclusion in relation to the necessity ofrealization of prophylaxis of displays of violence touch all hiskinds, however by a different measure. Basic features and conformities to law of display of specificvariety give an opportunity to prevent violence. It envisagesthe construction of future longrange researches, that touchexpression of violence depending on sex, age, time ofgeneral residence of young family. ; Актуальність профілактики насильства у стосунках диктується значними його проявами. З метою профілактики розроблено законодавче забезпечення та ініціюються наукові дослідження. Детальний огляд проблеми передбачає розгляд видових характеристик до насильства у сімейних стосунках, оскільки кожен із них має свої ознаки. Фізичне, економічне, психологічне, сексуальне насильство має різні ступінь прояву в сімейних стосунках, причини і наслідки. Методологічний підхід, що базується на оптимальній вибірці респондентів, та аналіз суджень молодих пар щодо видів насильства на основі проведеного анкетування свідчить про загальні тенденції в ставленні молоді до цього явища у сімейних стосунках. Зроблені висновки щодо необхідності здійснення профілактики проявів насильства стосуються всіх його видів, проте неоднаковою мірою через різну ступінь вираження. Основні особливості та закономірності прояву видового різноманіття насильства у сімейних стосунках дають змогу запобігати насильству. Це і передбачає побудову майбутніх перспективних досліджень, що стосуються вираження насильства залежно від статі, віку, часу спільного проживання молодої пари.

This exploratory study investigated caregiving and interdependencies in families of frail older case management clients who coreside with younger individuals in need of care. Analyses were based on interviews with 78 older adults recruited from a large urban case management program. To be eligible for the study, the older adult had to coreside with an individual under age 60 who had disabilities or chronic health problems and/or with minors. Results indicated that the majority of older adults were primary caregivers for at least one younger individual. In a substantial number of families, the older adult depended on a younger adult with disabilities for primary care. Older adults who lived with both younger adults with disabilities and minors experienced more negative affect than those who lived with only one of these two kinds of younger individuals. Positive affect among elders living with younger adults with disabilities was positively related to the number of formal services received by the younger adults. The implications of these findings for service delivery to families with complex needs for care are discussed.

In the article the structure of the social status of parental and young families was considered. We considered such families as: students' families, families of employee, workers' families, peasants' families, military personnel families, families of businessmen, dependants' families. We found out that during the formation of young families the structure of parental families had been already created and in both groups of parental families the share of the families having the social status – "a family of the worker" prevailed. In the structure of young families the social status "the family of the worker" prevails considerably among other groups, with a tendency to increase in dynamics. The obtained data specify that the formation of the social status of a young family according to a standard of parental families in their ethnic cohort becomes apparent among young families of cohorts "the Russians" and "the mixed with Russians", mainly living in an urban area. "Other" young families accept a standard of the social status of parental families for a reference point only to a certain extend. The opposite result is found in the cohorts of the young families such as: "Russian-speaking families", "the Khakasses" and "Others".

This article describes union participation among young family farmers mobilized by the Bahia State Agricultural Workers' Federation; we describe the origin and organizational trajectory of this movement, family farmers, and the participation of young people in the family farmer union movement. The empirical basis of this analysis was a survey conducted among participants in the 1st State Festival of Rural Youth in Bahia in 2013, which produced 145 statements. The results confirmed that the main characteristics of young people's participation in family agriculture were intense socialization in this work and precarious material autonomy. Within this context, the young people's participation in the union was seen to be marked by family ties and the search for social reproduction in family farming, while also constituting a political practice aimed at social recognition and material autonomy.elocation-id: e2230101Received: 09.14.2021 • Accepted: 01.26.2022 • Published: 02.21.2022Original article / Blind peer review / Open access