Suchergebnisse

La tesi sottopone a disamina la normativa italiana e spagnola in tema di organizzazione e gestione dei porti nella cornice comunitaria. Nella prima parte si tratta del quadro legislativo della U.E. con particolare attenzione agli istituti della tutela della libera prestazione dei servizi e della libertà di concorrenza, alla luce del Libro Verde sui Porti Europei. La seconda parte è dedicata alla normativa italiana nel suo complesso dal profilo demaniale alle problematiche connesse con la evoluzione ancora incompiuta della normazione in materia di struttura del sistema portuale dei servizi, operazioni e lavoro portuale, al reperimento delle risorse finanziarie. L'analisi della legislazione spagnola prende spunto da una ricostruzione storica della stessa e sottopone ad indagine tutto l'ordinamento vigente, con speciale riguardo alle LPEyMM del 92, Ley 48/ 2003, Ley 33/2010. La trattazione prosegue con una parte dedicata alla TEN-T ed alla definizione dei porti come nodi delle reti di trasporto, in relazione alla proposta di Regolamento del 23/05/2013 del Parlamento Europeo e del Consiglio che istituisce un quadro normativo per l' accesso al mercato dei servizi portuali e la trasparenza finanziaria dei porti. Viene infine esposto il disegno di legge governativo riguardante la riforma della legislazione in materia portuale. This thesis examines Italian and Spanish legislation with regard to port organization and governance in a European context. The first part considers the EU legislative framework with special emphasis on measures safeguarding freedom of service provision and of competition in the light of the Green Paper on European Ports. The second part covers the relevant Italian legislation as a whole, ranging from state-owned property issues to problems relating to the so far unaccomplished enactment of laws regulating the system of port services, operations and work, to the raising of financial resources. The analysis of the Spanish port legislation begins with a historical introduction and examines all the regulations in force, with particular reference to these laws: LPEyMM of 92, Ley 48/ 2003, Ley 33/2010. Our discussion continues with a part devoted to TEN-T and the definition of ports as transport hubs, in line with the proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council (of 23 May 2013), establishing a legislative framework for market access to port services and the financial transparency of ports. To conclude, an outline of the Government Bill on Italian port legislation reform is given.

The thesis aims at appraising the role of port state in international law by analyzing the whole of rights, duties and obligations ascribed to it by relevant legal instruments adopted in various fields of the law of the sea. After considering some preliminary questions, namely the notion of "port state" in opposition to coastal and flag states, the first chapter deals with the legal regime of port state extra-territorial jurisdiction under Article 218 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and other relevant provisions of this Convention. In the second chapter, the focus is on Port State Control as provided by a number of international legal conventions and soft law instruments relating to the prevention of marine pollution, safety and security matters as a complementary tool to the flag state principle. The next two chapters further address the responsibility assumed by port states to ensure compliance and implementation of international rules and standards concerning living and working conditions of seafarers on board merchant and fishing ships as well as port state measures adopted at the international and regional level in order to curb the phenomenon of illegal, unregulated and unauthorized fishing on the high sea. Subsequent chapters explore the various regional memoranda of understanding on Port State Control and the rights and obligations of EU members acting as port states under the relevant EU legislation. Finally, the research undertaken shows that the role of port state under international law has gone through significant changes both from a quantitative and qualitative perspective. Thus, it may be argued that port state is being more and more considered as acting for the protection of common values and goods.

William Penn's place in the history of political philosophy is both unique and peculiar. His works raised the interest of contemporary thinkers such as Voltaire and Montesquieu, who also praised his practical contribution as legislator for the British colony of Pennsylvania as well as peacemaker with the Native people of North America. After falling into relative oblivion over the course of the Nineteenth Century, Penn's figure attracted renewed scholarly interest in the 1920s and '30s, at the height of totalitarianism, when he was newly appreciated as an early prophet of pacifism, Europeanism, and cosmopolitanism. In 1979, almost three centuries after the publication of his project for European peace, Penn's ideas were at least in part realized with the first direct election of the European Parliament. Today, his works are still worth considering, particularly for his thoughtful reflections on the aristocracy of merit or virtue, a subject at the very core of his thinking.

Il posto di William Penn nella storia della filosofia politica è al tempo stesso unico e peculiare nel suo genere. Le sue opere hanno suscitato l'interesse di pensatori contemporanei come Voltaire e Montesquieu, che ha anche elogiato il suo contributo pratico come legislatore per il Regno Unito, fondatore della colonia della Pennsylvania e pacificatore con i nativi del Nord America. Dopo essere caduto nell'oblio nel corso dell'Ottocento,la figura di W. Penn ha attirato un rinnovato interesse scientifico negli anni '20 e '30, al culmine del totalitarismo del secolo scorso, quando è stato recentemente apprezzato come un primo profeta del pacifismo, dell'europeismo e del cosmopolitismo. Nel 1979, quasi tre secoli dopo la pubblicazione del suo progetto per la pace in Europa, le idee di Penn sono state almeno in parte realizzate con la prima elezione diretta del Parlamento europeo. Oggi, le sue opere meritano ancora di essere prese in considerazione, in particolare per le sue riflessioni meditate sull'aristocrazia del merito o della virtù, un argomento al centro del suo pensiero. ; William Penn's place in the history of political philosophy is both unique and peculiar. His works raised the interest of contemporary thinkers such as Voltaire and Montesquieu, who also praised his practical contribution as legislator for the British colony of Pennsylvania as well as peacemaker with the Native people of North America. After falling into relative oblivion over the course of the Nineteenth Century, Penn's figure attracted renewed scholarly interest in the 1920s and '30s, at the height of totalitarianism, when he was newly appreciated as an early prophet of pacifism, Europeanism, and cosmopolitanism. In 1979, almost three centuries after the publication of his project for European peace, Penn's ideas were at least in part realized with the first direct election of the European Parliament. Today, his works are still worth considering, particularly for his thoughtful reflections on the aristocracy of merit or virtue, a subject at the very core of his thinking.

In the second half of the nineteenth century, within the British colonial empire, the migrations of Indian workers were caused more by economic needs linked to the initiatives and private interests, rather than by a choice of London, connected to the dynamics of imperial networks: these economic migrations have undergone a significant change with the abolition of slavery and the beginning of the practice of indentured labour. In this regard, between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the conditions of Indian coolies in Natal did not improve and the British and Indian governments were unable to influence the discriminatory policy implemented by the colony. In particular, London had not wanted (or could) intervene with the necessary force against the South African elites neither in the 1870s – when resumed a large immigration from India to Natal –, nor after the birth of the Union of South Africa (1910), when the colonial directives about conditions of the Indians could easily be evaded and not applied by the local government, by now de facto independent. ; 1 ; abstract consultabile alla pagina https://riviste.unimi.it/index.php/NAD/article/view/12547 ; open ; Non definito ; open ; Vaghi, Massimiliano ; Vaghi, Massimiliano

As we celebrate the 300 th anniversary of William Penn's death as well as the 325 th anniversary of the publication of Penn's plan for a European parliament, it is also worth considering his contribution to American history, notably the foundation of Pennsylvania. The most remarkable feature of Penn's "holy experiment" in colonial British America was the harmonious relationship that was established, and maintained for some seventy years, between the Quaker colonists and the native Americans. Penn advanced racial equality as well as peaceful and harmonious relations between different cultures, sitting in council with the Indians many times and promoting the fair purchase of land from them. Penn's 1682 Frame of Government for the colony limited the power of government and guaranteed many fundamental liberties. It was subsequently adopted by the Pennsylvania Assembly as the New Charter and formed the model for most state governments in the United States. Penn's last revision of the Frame, the 1701 Charter of Privileges, remained in force until 1776. Finally, just as Penn really was the first to propose, in some detail, a European parliament, so he was the first to propose, only a few years later, a union of the British colonies in America."

Il saggio prende in esame la complessa questione del riparto di competenze tra Stato e Regioni alla luce del Titolo V della Costituzione in materia di salute e sicurezza sui luoghi di lavoro. Il riparto di competenze tra centro e periferia è stato oggetto di una limitata analisi da parte della dottrina e della giurisprudenza, che si sono concentrate in particolare sulla disciplina del mercato del lavoro. L'Autore descrive un sistema multilivello, caratterizzato dalla compresenza di fonti nazionali e regionali, della contrattazione collettiva, nonché di codici di condotta. Sulla scorta di una ricostruzione del quadro normativo e dei percorsi della giurisprudenza, il saggio propone una lettura dinamica di rapporti tra centro e periferia, in cui l'asse del sistema rimane, comunque, ancorato alla competenza statale, con spazi regolativi comunque importanti per la legislazione regionale.

We want to demonstrate that Apollonia of Cyrenaica was neither an independent foundation, nor a real sub-colony, rather a maritime stopover: "the harbor of Cyrene", where port and military installations were located; inhabited between the Archaic and Hellenistic periods by merchants and artisans, garrisons and seafaring staff. Following its civic development is of great interest: frequented by members of the Alexandrian court, it became an autonomous polis with its own institutions at the moment of the passage under the Roman domination, then it rises to capital of the Libya superior in the mid-fourth century A.D., and as such became also an object of imperial munificence. Despite moments of disagreement, it will never completely lose its privileged connection with Cyrene. ; Si vuole dimostrare che Apollonia di Cirenaica non fu né una fondazione indipendente, né una vera e propria subcolonia, piuttosto uno scalo marittimo: "il porto di Cirene", dove trovavano sede installazioni portuali e militari; abitata fra l'età arcaica e quella ellenistica da mercanti e artigiani, guarnigioni e personale marittimo. Seguire il suo sviluppo civico è di estremo interesse: frequentata dai membri della corte alessandrina, diviene polis autonoma con proprie istituzioni col passaggio alla dominazione romana, poi capitale della Libya superior a metà del IV sec. d.C., e in quanto tale oggetto della munificenza imperiale. Nonostante momenti di dissidio non perderà mai del tutto il legame privilegiato con Cirene.

In the Imperial Age, many ports in Italy had been built in opus coementicium. The most important ones were in Latium (eg. Portus Romae, Antium and Centumcellae), in the Phlegrean Fields (portus Iulius, Misenum, Puteoli and Baiae) and along the northern-Adriatic coast (Classis-Ravenna, Aquileia and Altino). The military fleets of Augustus, in particular, were quartered in the ports of Classis and Misenum.00Most Roman ports were located at river mouths and/or in lagoon areas and were connected with inland areas by rivers or artificial canals. For this reason, port structures (piers and warehouses) were set at some distance from the sea, as in Rome (Emporium of Testaccio along the Tiber), in Pisa-San Rossore and in the Po valley.00In Late Antiquity many of the Roman ports gradually fell into disuse while others continued until the 7th century. In Ravenna, however, a new port settlement, known as Civitas Classis, came into being in the 5th century, after the creation of the suburb of Portus Romae. In the Early Middle Ages, the northern-Adriatic coast became very important in connection with trade with Constantinople. New settlements equipped with timber port structures were created at Comacchio, Cittanova and in the Venetian lagoon. If maritime trade in the Tyrrhenian Sea decreased (although to a lesser extent in Byzantine towns like Naples), river-borne traade was still dynamic and often managed by abbeys and other ecclesiastical institutions. According to historical sources, many river wharves were located along the Po while San Vincenzo abbey managed the Volturno river. The Carolingian river wharves of San Vincenzo were composed of timber, stone and, according to the Roman tradition, concrete structures. A slow recovery of maritime trades is already evident in the Carolingian Age

La tesi elaborata è incentrata sull'analisi dei metodi di gestione dei rifiuti nei porti e sullo sviluppo di test di decontaminazione elettrocinetica. Sono stati oggetto di studio i Piani di Gestione dei Rifiuti, redatti dall'Autorità di Sistema Portuale, dei porti di Livorno, Bastia, Ile Rousse ed Ajaccio. Essi sono stati poi confrontati con la vigente normativa europea e con porti maggiormente virtuosi in ambito ambientale, al fine di individuare misure di ottimizzazione. Il test di trattamento elettrocinetico è stato effettuato su sedimenti prelevati nel porto di Piombino, ritenuto più idoneo per lo sviluppo dei test, in modo da ampliare le esperienze in merito dell'Università di Pisa e ottenere ulteriori dati in materia. I dati ottenuti sono stati confrontati con quelli delle esperienze precedenti, valutando e discutendo eventuali differenze. The thesis developed focuses on the analysis of waste management methods in ports and the development of electrokinetic decontamination tests. The Waste Management Plans, drawn up by the Port System Authority, of the ports of Livorno, Bastia, Ile Rousse and Ajaccio have been studied. They were then compared with the current European legislation and with more virtuous ports in the environmental field, in order to identify optimization measures. The electrokinetic treatment test was carried out on sediments taken from the port of Piombino, considered more suitable for the development of the tests, in order to expand the experience of the University of Pisa and obtain further data on the subject. The data obtained were compared with those of previous experiences, evaluating and discussing any differences.

The thesis sets out to examine the character of British politician Margaret Thatcher, following the path of her life and her career since her years at the University of Oxford, where she studied chemistry, to her election as the leader of the Conservative Party in 1975. The investigation has been conducted by examining a number of sources and documents: minutes of meetings, electoral speeches and manifestos, accounts of informal exchanges, transcripts of parliamentary debates, articles and editorials published in both local and national newspapers. The aim of the research, on the one hand, is that of filling a gap in the Italian scholarly literature on the subject, while, on the other hand, bringing to light a number of underestimated factors, which have in time contributed to turning the "Grantham girl" into a world leader. The investigation covers three decades during which Thatcher has evolved from "the grocer's daughter" into "the iron lady". The originality of the research consists in its attempt to show to what extent the main traits of what will get to be known as Thatcherism started to emerge well before Thatcher's election to the role of prime minister and, therefore, how the political climax of her story had already reached its peak in 1975. By examining the crucial events which marked Thatcher personal and political history the thesis aims at providing a picture of British society during the period under scrutiny as well as at unveiling a degree of complexity, in both Thatcher and British society, which has often been under investigated.

Questa tesi è un'analisi storico-concettuale del pensiero politico di alcuni tra i più influenti amministratori dell'Impero britannico tra la metà del XVIII e la fine del XIX secolo. Si vedrà come gli eccezionali momenti di crisi che caratterizzarono questo secolo e mezzo della storia imperiale (la Rivoluzione americana, l'abolizione della schiavitù e il Sepoy Mutiny, ma anche l'emergere delle rivendicazioni dei lavoratori in Gran Bretagna) spinsero le figure amministrative attraverso l'Impero a ripensare alcune categorie del pensiero politico. L'obiettivo è quello di tracciare le evoluzioni nella concezione della sovranità imperiale britannica decostruendo le auto-narrazioni del liberalismo moderno, tanto le sue logiche spaziali (la scissione dello spazio imperiale in Stato e mondo coloniale) quanto quelle temporali (la concezione progressiva del tempo storico). Il pensiero politico degli amministratori appare un campo d'indagine particolarmente proficuo a questo scopo: essi – a metà tra teoria e prassi, al punto di congiunzione tra Stato e società, e in viaggio dalla metropoli alla colonia – applicarono la teoria liberale appresa in Inghilterra al governo dell'Impero, e così facendo ne portarono alla luce aporie e cortocircuiti. Alla fine della parabola del pensiero imperiale che qui si delinea, si vedrà come la crisi dell'idea di progresso si porti dietro la disillusione circa ogni rassicurante pretesa di aver neutralizzato il conflitto nello spazio domestico, espellendolo nelle colonie: il tentativo fallito della civilising mission liberale di normalizzare le gerarchie sociali e razziali in un ordine borghese stabile portò a ripensare la sovranità come un management che, fondando la riproduzione del rule of law su un gerarchico principio di governo, fronteggiasse efficientemente i conflitti su scala imperiale. Nello spazio imperiale globale di fine Ottocento, la tensione tra «home» e «abroad» pare infine risolversi, e la colonia diventa il campo di sperimentazione di strategie di governo per correggere i problemi della madrepatria. ; My doctoral thesis is a historical-conceptual analysis of the political thought of some of the most influential administrators of the British empire between the 1750s and the 1890s. The exceptional moments of crisis which characterized these 150 years of British imperial history (the American revolution, the abolition of slavery, and the Sepoy mutiny, but also the emergence of working class's claims in Britain) led administrative agents across the empire to rethink some crucial categories of political thought. This thesis is aimed at tracing the evolutions in the conception of British imperial sovereignty and deconstructing the self-narratives of modern liberalism, both in its spatial logics (the opposition between state and empire) and in its temporal logics (the teleological conception of historical time). The political thought of imperial administrators appears as a fruitful field of investigation to this end: the governors – who were midway between theory and practice, placed at the junction point between state and society, and who travelled from the metropole to the colonies – applied the liberal theory they learnt in Britain to the government of the empire, unveiling its inconsistencies and shadows. At the end of this historical reconstruction of British imperial thought, administrative figures realized the impracticable dream of neutralizing conflict at home, by expelling it in colonial dominions. Instead, their failed attempt to normalize social and racial hierarchies within a steady social order, pushed them to rethink sovereignty as a management able to successfully face conflicts on the imperial scale, by founding the reproduction of the rule of law on a harshly hierarchical power of government. In the global imperial space of the late 19th century, the opposition between "home" and "abroad" eventually collapsed, and the colony was assumed as the laboratory of experimentation of governmental strategies in order to amend metropolitan problems.

This handbook is the result of three years of teaching European Union Transport Law to the law students of the University of Roma Tre.The course falls within the "Studying Law at Roma Tre" programme, which includes 14 classes entirely taught in English.Following these lines the handbook is divided into three modules, reflecting areas where the intervention of EU law has been most significant: air transport, rail transport, and passengers' rights. To each module we have annexed the most relevant judgments and decisions by the EU Courts and Commission which we found particularly useful to illustrate, from a practical point of view, the policies underlying EU transport law and the conflicting interests of the various stakeholders.Obviously there are other aspects which are touched by EU law, especially in the field of movement of goods, port infrastructures, and road safety, but we have preferred to focus, at least in this first edition, on the three aforementioned aspects.We hope that this primer – which is made available by Roma TrE-press to the whole European academic community on a freely accessible basis – will contribute to the development of the subject as a course offered to students who are and increasingly will be the main beneficiaries of the growing transport networks in the EU.