Suchergebnisse

Eine Reihe von Konzepten zur Umweltbildung betont in den letzten Jahren zunehmend die ökologische Handlungsorientierung in der Umweltpädagogik. Einige Umweltpädagogen sehen hierin eine problematische Tendenz zur Indoktrination. In dem Beitrag wird versucht, diese Bedenken zu zerstreuen. Es wird argumentiert, daß ökologisches Handeln als Lernziel aus anderen Gründen in der Tat sehr problematisch ist, nämlich dann, wenn es als individuelles unpolitisches Handeln konzipiert wird. (DIPF/Orig.) ; In the past few years, various concepts of environmental education have increasingly accentuated the orientation towards ecological action in environmental pedagogics. A number of environmental pedagogues consider this a problematic trend towards indoctrination. The author tries to dispel these misgivings. He argues that the environmental action approach has other shortcomings, especially if conceptualized as individual unpolitical action. (DIPF/Orig.)

A comparison of the feminist egalitarian attitudes of a sample of French and American women showed the former to be more traditional than the latter, a difference seemingly related to cultural emphases. On the other hand, there were marked similarities between the two societies in the way occupational groups differed from each other, similarities reflecting comparable educational backgrounds and social roles. Egalitarian attitudes and action orientation, contrary to expectations, were not found to be strongly interrelated raising the question whether attitude assessment can serve as a guide to social action.

Noting the limitations of the macroanalytic approach in the study of politics, a group of political scientists have focused their attention on individual members of the society—their systems of political belief, expectations, and aspirations. This group is concerned with the individual's "cognitive," "affective," and "evaluative" orientations toward the system.But unlike the United States, where numerous authoritative writings focus on the belief system of the individual, there has been only limited research investigating the belief system of Arabs in general and Kuwaiti Arabs in particular.

In the current study, we hypothesize that post-error performance is influenced by individual differences in action orientation and situationally induced regulatory focus. Two experiments employing a time pressured flanker-like task, measured participants' dispositional action orientation and manipulated regulatory focus. As expected, accuracy of the responses following errors was reduced for all participants except for action-oriented participants in a promotion focus. The latter participants are assumed to down-regulate error-related negative affect, thereby saving resources for subsequent performance. A promotion focus is assumed to facilitate the optimal use of these resources.

"Auf der Ebene hochschulpolitischer Strukturveränderungen haben sich Europäisierung, Internationalisierung und Globalisierung als zentrale, wenngleich diffuse Leitmotive der Hochschulentwicklung weitgehend etabliert. Internationalisierungsprozesse bringen in den akademischen Tätigkeitsfeldern (Lehre, Studienberatung, Administration und Forschung) auch einen Bedeutungszuwachs kultureller Differenzerfahrungen mit sich, die in der soziologischen Hochschulforschung bisher aber kaum behandelt werden. Das Verhältnis von Anspruch und Wirklichkeit internationaler Hochschulstrukturen in der akademischen Praxis ist weitgehend ungeklärt, ebenso wie die Frage, ob mit den Internationalisierungsprozessen neben den formal-strukturellen Systemtransformationen auch veränderte Deutungsmodi akademischer Handlungsfelder im Zeichen kultureller Pluralisierung einher gehen. Anhand von kontrastiven Fallstudien und problemzentrierten Interviews wurde in einer explorativen Deutungsmusteranalyse rekonstruiert, wie institutionelle Akteure kulturelle Differenz in internationalen Studienprogrammen als handlungsrelevante Dimensionder universitären Lehre und Studienbetreuung konstituieren und bewältigen. Am Beispiel der Ingenieurwissenschaften lässt sich exemplarisch die ambivalente Wirkmächtigkeit institutionenspezifischer Deutungsmuster für die soziale (De)Konstruktion interkultureller Kontexte in der akademischen Praxis aufzeigen. Als Ergebnis der Studie wird ein typologisches Rahmenmodell interkultureller Handlungsorientierungen vorgestellt, das die struktur- und handlungstheoretischen Aspekte interkulturellen Handelns in Institutionen verbindet. Mit dem Modell lässt sich begründen, warum die Realisierung eines europäischen Bildungsraumes neben den notwendigenformalen Strukturveränderungen auch eine Frage der Reflexivität von Handlungsorientierungen innerhalb von Hochschulinstitutionen ist." (Autorenreferat)

This paper examines the prevailing interpretation patterns and action orientations regarding climate change and climate protection among the young generation (14–22 years) in Germany. Based on a representative survey, we investigate which climate action options are currently favored and widespread among young individuals in Germany, encompassing both private sphere behavior—sustainable consumption—and public sphere behavior—collective climate action and civic engagement. Subsequently, through qualitative interviews, we delve into the shared interpretation patterns that young individuals draw upon to comprehend, evaluate, and guide their actions in climate protection. In this process, an individualizing and a politicizing interpretation pattern are identified and juxtaposed. As a result, both the representative survey and the qualitative analysis underscore a deep-rooted and widespread adoption of the individualizing rationale among young people in interpreting and acting on climate change. We discuss this finding by exploring the discursive origins of the dominant interpretation pattern and by questioning the respective transformative potential of both the individualizing and the politicizing action orientation.

The political activity and voting behavior of 136 young German adults in 1994 were predicted by their political action orientations measured 7 years before. Respondents belonging to cohorts born in 1971, 1972, and 1973 were surveyed in 1987, 1988, and 1994. The questionnaires measured variables relevant to the social‐cognitive action theory model of personality: self‐concept of political competence, beliefs about political locus of control, political knowledge, trust in politics, satisfaction with politics, and political activity in everyday life. The results are interpreted with respect to the correlative and absolute stability versus plasticity of the variables from 1987 to 1994, as well as the predictive value of the action theory personality variables for political activities and for voting behavior measured 7 years later. Longitudinal results indicate a high predictive value of self‐concept of political competence and political knowledge for political activity and voting in early adulthood. Because only these two personality variables showed relatively high positional stability coefficients from adolescence to early adulthood, the discussion refers to the necessity of early developmental interventions to prevent extreme types of politically uninterested and passive adults. Therefore, the social‐cognitive action theory personality model of political participation is extended to a social‐cognitive action theory personality model of political socialization in the life span.

This article focuses on the Indignado protesters in the city of Valladolid (Spain) as a case study, drawing on retrospective qualitative interview research six years after the 'hype'. Our analysis explores how forms of interaction and participation during the events could have had an important influence not only on the motives of the participants' political engagement, but also the long-term durability of such engagement. The findings offer insights on the different forms of sociality present in the various types of activism and how these contribute to forming diverse understandings of collective action. Consequently, activists show tendencies for diverse forms of long-term engagement that appear to follow patterns that align with their experienced type of sociality and how it is remembered.