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A poll on political tolerance was conducted using a 772-subject sample. Because of the long-lasting totalitarian system & the short period of democracy, a rather low level of political tolerance was expected. However, the results of the poll showed a high level of political tolerance instead. Similar findings have been obtained by an American survey conducted in several European countries, including Croatia. This means that political tolerance in Croatia has not been shaped by the totalitarian system but by the pluralist traits of the Croatian culture, ensuing from numerous contacts with a plethora of different cultures. If the pluralist democracy in Croatia is to function democratically, appropriate legal prerequisites & institutions do not suffice; the people who are in line with the principles of pluralist democracy are central to this as well. Pluralist democracy legalizes various political options & enables citizens to organize themselves & act in accordance with the embraced option. All this, however, is a moot point if people are not willing to accept the existence & activism of different political options. That is why the concept of political tolerance always goes hand in hand with the concept of pluralist democracy. The essence of political is not tolerance & patience but non-restriction of political freedoms & political pluralism. Those who accept political pluralism must acknowledge the existence of various political options, even those of which they do not approve. They more readily accept the existence of various political options & nurture a less intensive feeling of intolerance & bigotry. So, tolerance means accepting, not just tolerating, different political options. 12 Tables, 2 Graphs, 19 References. Adapted from the source document.

The essay describes the evolution of the concept of political culture, from the concepts such as Comte's 'consensus,' Durkheim's 'collective awareness,' Weber's 'significance of individual actions,' to Parson's 'action frame of reference,' & Mead's 'national character.' The development began with Comte's search for differentia specifica of social sciences in relation to other positive sciences & finished in 1963 with the introduction of the concept of political culture into political science by G. Almond & S. Verba. Our analysis has shown that many definitions of political culture point out that its essence lies in people's beliefs since political culture is a set of beliefs regarding politics. As much as it may seem a paradox, it cannot be reduced to mere individual beliefs, but represents a system of inter-subjective opinions on various political objects. This explains the possible discrepancies between the political events & the political beliefs of the people, between their behavior & political culture, & so on. Contrary to the belief of some authors, it has been shown how political culture may & should be taken as a common denominator for a variety of opinions on politics. Political attitudes, values, norms, public opinion, & political ideologies are nothing but different manifestations of political culture. Thus, the concept of political culture includes diverse facets of the subjective attitude of people towards politics. This is the asset & not the downside of this concept, as some authors would have it. It is pointed out that the manifold manifestations of political culture do not carry the same 'weight' in explaining the political activism of people & the functioning of political systems. The relationship between these manifestations is extremely complex & a challenge for research. It is this very relationship that could explain the stable & less stable (ie, stable & vacillating) reactions of people in their political activity. Adapted from the source document.

This paper presents the Brazilian specificities of the development of its public health and social assistance policies since the re-democratization process in the 1980s until today. Besides, it presents a wide range of conflicts between the economic interests and the political activism accountable for the advances of the public policies implementation. This evolution is presented as a subsidy to the reader's understanding of the development of a clinical solution for non-conventional settings specific to the Brazilian social and economic reality. Successful clinical experiences in health and social assistance based on phenomenology are presented, not only for diagnosis purposes, namely for understanding the people, for the context in the question, as well as the successful management development. The first case describes the provision of a peripatetic group therapy service, prior as a walking clinical practice, where the notion of territoriality and the dynamics of group interaction facilitate the understanding of the patients, while the intrinsic condition of the work also facilitates the establishment of transferential relationships. The second case describes the complexity of social welfare policy challenges through the clinical intervention while presenting a family in a social and economic vulnerability context. ; Rad prikazuje brazilske specifičnosti razvoja politike javnog zdravstva i socijalne pomoći od procesa redemokratizacije 80-ih godina prošlog stoljeća do danas. Osim toga, predstavlja širok raspon sukoba između ekonomskih interesa i političkog aktivizma koji je odgovoran za napredak u provedbi javnih politika. Ova evolucija predstavljena je kao subvencija razumijevanju razvoja kliničkog rješenja za nekonvencionalna okruženja, specifična za brazilsku društvenu i ekonomsku stvarnost. Prikazana su uspješna klinička iskustva u zdravstvenoj i socijalnoj pomoći temeljena na fenomenologiji, ne samo u svrhu dijagnoze, odnosno razumijevanja ljudi, konteksta, kao i uspješnog razvoja menadžmenta. Prvi slučaj opisuje pružanje usluge peripatetičke grupne terapije, prije kao hodajuće kliničke prakse, pri čemu pojam teritorijalnosti i dinamika grupne interakcije olakšavaju razumijevanje pacijenata, dok intrinzično stanje rada također olakšava uspostavljanje transferencijalnih odnosa. Drugi slučaj opisuje složenost izazova politike socijalne skrbi kroz kliničku intervenciju uz predstavljanje obitelji u kontekstu socijalne i ekonomske ranjivosti.

Razvoj zelenog socijalnog rada odvija se paralelno s ekološkim aktivizmom na globalnoj razini. Socijalni rad u Hrvatskoj u procesu je integriranja ekološkog pristupa u svakodnevne aktivnosti, pružanja usluga korisnicima i zagovaranja prava na zdrav okoliš. Nevladine organizacije građana aktivno sudjeluju u oblikovanju javnih politika na lokalnoj razini i šire, te unose održive promjene u zajednicu. Potreba da se socijalni radnici uključe u rješavanje ekoloških problema i izgradnju održivosti u zajednicama sve je vidljivija na globalnoj i lokalnoj razini. Prirodni svijet koji nas okružuje, primjerice klimatski uvjeti, uvelike određuju kakvi su prirodni resursi kojima raspolažemo. Socijalni radnik ne može zaobići činjenicu da raznolikosti ugrožavaju birokratski pristup koji se do sada koristio pa treba biti dovoljno tolerantan i osjetljiv za raznolikosti. Centraliziranim pristupom resursi se rijetko stavljaju tamo gdje su najviše potrebni što umanjuje sposobnost zajednice da se brine za sebe. Kako bismo se uspješno suočavali s izazovima i neuravnoteženosti u prirodnom okolišu, potrebno je razvijati i postaviti na odgovarajuću razinu otpornost zajednica. ; The development of green social work goes hand in hand with ecological activism on a global scale. Social work in Croatia has not yet integrated the ecological approach to everyday activities, providing services to users or advocating the right to a healthy environment. Non-governmental organizations of citizens actively participate in shaping public policies at local and wider level and contributing to sustainable change in the community. The need to involve social workers in solving environmental problems and building community sustainability is increasingly visible at the global and local level. The natural world around us, for example, climatic conditions largely determines what kind of natural resources we have. A social worker cannot overlook the fact that diversity endangers the bureaucratic approach that has hitherto been used, and should be sufficiently tolerant and sensitive to diversity. With a centralized approach, resources are rarely placed where they are most needed and thus undermine the community's ability to take care of themselves. In order to successfully face challenges and imbalances in the natural environment, community resistance needs to be developed.

Describes the study of the evolution of the awareness (understanding) & the practice (activities, participation) of citizenship among Croatian high school students (the first new generation of full-age citizens). The research was conducted in line with similar models in relevant international studies, which enabled a comparative analysis. The analysis of the concept (basic theory) of citizenship was followed by a comparative analysis of the development & the distribution of the citizenship awareness & the yardsticks of the practice of citizenship among Croatian high school students. A number of indicators of the awareness of citizenship (civic identity, the model & the type of citizenship, the concept of the "good citizen," & the concept of the rights & duties of citizens in democracy), & several measures of the practice of citizenship (political interest, discussing politics, following news in the media, the expected conventional & protest political activism, political tolerance) have been used. The comparative analysis has shown that the Croatian students are in some aspects of citizenship at the level of students in many of the comparison nations, but that in others there are significant differences; eg, their level of political interest is significantly lower. The analysis has shown that there is a high awareness of the rights, but relatively a low awareness of the duties, which may be the main problem in the development of political culture of Croatian students & citizens. The expected conventional & protest participation among the Croatian students is significantly lower than among students from other countries. The research also shows that among Croatian students (that phenomenon has also been noticed in other countries) there is a significant discrepancy between, for example, the awareness of the rights & duties of citizens in democracy & the level of political tolerance: the high level of awareness of one's rights (freedom of speech, association, etc) coexists with a relatively low level of tolerance. Thus, it can be said that various inconsistencies tag & "burden" the evolution of citizenship among Croatian high school students. 13 Tables, 40 References. Adapted from the source document.