Suchergebnisse

En el presente trabajo se describen los principales retos a los que se enfrentan las Administraciones locales españolas como consecuencia de la irrupción de la llamada economía colaborativa en varios sectores, como el del transporte urbano de pasajeros mediante turismos y el de los alojamientos de corta duración, en los que éstas ejercen importantes competencias. El primero es el de revisar la normativa aplicable en tales ámbitos, que en muchos aspectos se ha vuelto obsoleta y desequilibrada como consecuencia de los cambios tecnológicos y sociales que están en la base de los sistemas de economía colaborativa. El segundo es el de ejercer sus competencias de aplicación del ordenamiento jurídico vigente allí, mientras no se proceda a la referida revisión. El tercero sería fomentar o incluso articular sistemas de economía colaborativa beneficiosos para la comunidad pero que el sector privado no tiene suficientes incentivos para promover. This paper analyzes three major legal challenges Spanish local governments have to face when confronted with the emergence of the so called sharing economy. Firstly, they ought to review and eventually update numerous local regulations that have become obsolete or disproportionate as a result of the technological and social innovations underlying sharing economy systems. Secondly, they are required to apply those and similar current legal rules to such systems. The regulation of short term rentals and that of the taxi industry are used as examples to illustrate both points. Thirdly, local governments should promote or even establish socially desirable sharing economy systems where private actors do not have sufficient incentives to do so.

El mapa autonómico español creado a partir de 1978 se superpuso al esquema territorial que ya existía, formado por provincias y municipios, y así ha tenido que convivir con un mapa anterior obsoleto e ineficiente. La mayoría de los municipios son demasiado pequeños para proveerse de servicios, y esta insuficiencia en la prestación de los mismos no ayuda a frenar el despoblamiento rural. En algunas comunidades autónomas, se han intentado crear entes intermedios entre la provincia y el municipio ¿generalmente, comarcas¿ para tratar de corregir los desequilibrios territoriales. Solo algunas de estas comunidades han llevado finalmente a cabo un proceso de transferencia de competencias a estos nuevos entes intermedios, pero muchas veces dichas competencias topan con las que ya poseen las diputaciones, entidades que, por otra parte, lejos de perder peso, están siendo reforzadas por el actual Gobierno de España. El mapa autonòmic espanyol creat a partir de 1978 es va superposar a l'esquema territorial que ja existia, format per províncies i municipis, i així ha hagut de conviure amb un mapa anterior obsolet i ineficient. La majoria dels municipis són massa petits per proveir-se de serveis, i aquesta insuficiència no ajuda a frenar el despoblament rural. En algunes comunitats autònomes, s'ha intentat crear-hi ens intermedis entre la província i el municipi ¿generalment, comarques¿ per intentar corregir els desequilibris territorials. Les competències transferides a aquests nous ens intermedis topen sovint amb les que ja posseeixen les diputacions, entitats que, d'altra banda, lluny de perdre pes, estan sent reforçades per l'actual Govern d'Espanya. The map of Spanish regions, known as autonomous communities, created in 1978 and the following years was superimposed on the previously existing territorial scheme consisting of provinces and municipalities, and has since been forced to coexist with an older, obsolete and inefficient map. Most municipalities are too small to afford the services that they need, which does not help to curb rural depopulation. In some autonomous communities, new, intermediate governing bodies between provinces and municipalities - typically counties (comarcas) - have been created to correct regional imbalances. The powers transferred to these new intermediate governments often conflict with those being held by the provinciallevel governments (diputaciones) which, far from losing power, have been reinforced by the current government of Spain. La nouvelle carte espagnole des communautés autonomes (c.-à-d. la carte régionale), créée à partir de 1978, a été superposée au schéma territorial qui existait auparavant, constitué de provinces et de municipalités, et elle a donc dû coexister avec une carte plus ancienne, obsolète et inefficace. La plupart des municipalités sont trop petites pour fournir les services nécessaires, ce qui ne contribue pas à freiner l'exode rural. Dans certaines communautés autonomes on a créé des organes intermédiaires entre la province et la municipalité ¿géné- ralement des comarcas¿ pour tenter de corriger les déséquilibres régionaux. Les compétences transférées à ces nouveaux organes intermédiaires se heurtent souvent à celles qui sont déjà sous la responsabilité des diputaciones (c.-à-d. les conseils provinciaux), et qui, loin de perdre du pouvoir, ont été renforcées par le gouvernement actuel de l'Espagne

Over the last few years, ther has been a devolutionary tendency in many developed and developing countries. In this article we propose a methodology to decompose whether the benefits in terms of effciency derived from transfers of powers from higher to municipal levels of government "the "economic dividend" of devolution) might increase over time. This methodology is based on linear programming approaches for effciency measurement. We provide anapplication to Spanish municipalities, which have had to adapt to both the European Stability and Growth Pact as well as to domestic regulation seeking local governments balanced budget. Results indicate that efficiency gains from enhaced decentralization have increased over time. However, the way through which these gains accrue differs across municipalities -in some cases technical change is the main component, whereas in others catching up dominates.

This study analyses efficiency levels in Spanish local governments and their determining factors through the application of DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) methodology. It aims to find out to what extent inefficiency arises from external factors beyond the control of the entity, or on the other hand, how much it is due to inadequate management of productive resources. The results show that on the whole, there is still a wide margin within which managers could increase local government efficiency levels, although it is revealed that a great deal of inefficiency is due to exogenous factors. It is specifically found that the size of the entity, per capita tax revenue, the per capita grants or the amount of commercial activity are some of the factors determining local government inefficiency.

L' any 2006 entra en vigor una nova instrucció de comptabilitat per a l' administració local que provocarà alguns efectes que s' intenten analitzar en aquest article. En primer lloc, s' analitza el pas de dos models comptables a tres, després s' estudien les modificacions més importants,i s' acaba amb les principals conclusions obtingudes i la repercussió en la gestió comptable

L' any 2006 entra en vigor una nova instrucció de comptabilitat per a l' administració local que provocarà alguns efectes que s' intenten analitzar en aquest article. En primer lloc, s' analitza el pas de dos models comptables a tres, després s' estudien les modificacions més importants,i s' acaba amb les principals conclusions obtingudes i la repercussió en la gestió comptable

L' any 2006 entra en vigor una nova instrucció de comptabilitat per a l' administració local que provocarà alguns efectes que s' intenten analitzar en aquest article. En primer lloc, s' analitza el pas de dos models comptables a tres, després s' estudien les modificacions més importants,i s' acaba amb les principals conclusions obtingudes i la repercussió en la gestió comptable

It is customary to consider population censuses (and statistics in general) as exclusive to the modern State, appearing in the second half of the eighteenth century but being developed and spreading in the West during the nineteenth century. Indeed, censuses help to strengthen and legitimize such states. However, in Spain, just as in Europe and the United States, the first population censuses considered modern were the result of, on the one hand, the directives and general and provincial coordination provided by the new state statistical institutions, such as the Statistics Commission or the Institute of Geography and, on the other, municipal personnel and the previous knowledge of local conditions held by the councils and other agents, such as the clergy, intellectuals, and notables. The media were also availed of for the cause. Let us recall that the municipalities were an explicit part of the state apparatus, therefore their relevance in carrying out censuses is not an indication of failure or weakness on the part of the Spanish State regarding the process of ¿bottom-up nation-building¿, but rather a way to imagine the nation through which collective involvement would build the nation from the locality.

Vereda del corregidor de Girona que relaciona 15 disposicions sobre la no inclusió dels militars en la veda de caça, la subhasta del proveïment dels vaixells, el cobrament de la contribució, l'apeo o descripció de la riquesa territorial, la falsificació de moneda, les propostes de càrrecs per batlles i regidors, el repartiment de la contribució, el baix consum del paper segellat, les estadístiques sobre fàbriques de teixits, els delmes, els deutes a l'impressor Oliva, el repartiment de la sal, el manteniment dels mossos d'esquadres, el consum de licors, i l'obligat compliment de les ordres i circulars que es reben.

Purpose: This work intends to establish a new methodology to quantitatively measure the initial position and evolution of outsourcing in a public administration. Design/methodology: Product of the generalization of a methodological tool based on the fuzzy set theory "index of maximum and minimum level," a method is designed to evaluate the evolution of the positioning of outsourcing in a public administration. Contributions/results: The proposed model that is presented opens up the possibility to study the evolution of public administration in terms of the actions that have been taken to reach an ideal outsourcing position, which would allow managers to create points of control at various stages to ensure the success of the actions taken. Limitations: The limitations to the proposed method are directly related to the cases established in the fuzzy set theory. As an example, having to choose a specific value for the ideal values in an outsourcing strategy implies a regression to the concept of certainty. The work shows no examples of how to overcome these problems, although it does offer some ideas on how to minimize them. Practical implications: This work offers a tool to help determine the degree to which the objectives have been reached that are established within a public administration with regard to actions associated with outsourcing. Social implications: The ability to establish a distance from an ideal value means that citizens can numerically analyze whether the actions taken by the management team have improved or worsened the position of the public administration in terms of its outsourcing actions. Originality/added value: The work offers two original proposals. First, it offers an expansion of an index customarily used to calculate the distance from an ideal position. Second, it offers a context in which to demonstrate the usefulness of the index

We study the inter-temporal spending behavior of Spanish local governments during the last housing boom (1997-2006), a period of substantial short-run momentum in housingconstruction revenues. We argue that the unprecedented growth in these revenues might be one of the reasons underlying the increase in the sensitivity of local government spending to (predictable) revenue changes. To detect evidence of this, we study whether local spending decisions are consistent with forward-looking behavior, working within the framework provided by Holtz-Eakin et al. (1994). Our principal findings are: (i) Local spending shows substantial sensitivity to predictable changes in revenues, suggesting that Spanish local governments did not behave as fully forward-looking agents. (ii) The departure from this benchmark was much higher in those years and/or in those housing markets in which the housing boom was most intense. (iii) The sensitivity was not as great to changes in housing construction revenues as it was to changes in ordinary revenues, but this distinction became blurred as the boom intensified.

La necesidad de aprobar un instrumento normativo regulador de la modalidad de teletrabajo antes del 1 de abril de 2021 en todas las Administraciones públicas, exige precisar su rango, procedimiento de elaboración y contenidos esenciales que se han de elaborar en base al depósito de formas institucionales y organizativas que la regulación del trabajo a distancia ha ido articulando durante largos años en la Administración autonómica y local. Para conocer el marco en el que se va a tener que actuar se presentan los estándares operativos al uso y las fórmulas que se pueden utilizar, enfatizándose el cambio organizativo que la introducción del teletrabajo va a suponer.

El principio de autonomía local, recogido en el artículo 137 dela Constitución Española de 1978 (en adelante CE), ha sido definidopor el Tribunal Constitucional como el derecho de la comunidad locala participar, a través de órganos propios, en el gobierno y administra-ción de cuantos asuntos les atañen (STC 32/1981, de 28 de julio, ponen-te: D. Rafael Gómez-Ferrer Morant, FJ 4) [.].

This paper considers a simple dynamic decentralized leadership model with local borrowing and regional productivity enhancing investment. The central government is benevolent but cannot commit. The local governments strategically act while accounting for the ex post motive of the central government. We then investigate inefficiency in the subgame perfect equilibrium. We analyze the effect of central control on local borrowings. It is revealed that the central control is of no use. The model is extended to the case with residential mobility which gives different policy implications.

In Europe, the amalgamation of local authorities is currently used to optimize public resources. Although amalgamation involves several advantages, it needs to fulfil three conditions to be considered successful. First, address local preferences and needs; second, be fair, transparent and accessible to citizens; and third, be a compromise between central and local political elites. In the current paper the fulfilling of these three conditions is analysed using the comprehensive, bottom-up, Finnish reform introduced during the period of 2008-2013. The findings conclude that while the Finnish local reform plan has been successful in reaching a compromise between local and central governments, it has failed insofar as it has not fulfilled the condition of making the process fair, transparent and accessible to citizens. Furthermore, whether the amalgamation has allowed local government to address citizens' preferences and needs in a meaningful and responsive way has yet to be demonstrated.