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Research Objectives. In many instances mass communication, specifically social advertising, plays a significant role in the formation of public opinion. Therefore, it is almost impossible to overstate the importance of mass media laws and regulations. In Ukraine, the Law on Advertising was reviewed and revised multiple times since it was first adopted as a part of the Constitution of Ukraine in 1996. This article is a snapshot of some key government laws and policies about advertising in Ukraine that were implemented until 2010. Definition. By the Law of Ukraine, advertisement is an information about a person or goods, disseminated in any form and by any means and is aimed at the development and maintenance of advertising consumers' awareness and their interest related to such a person or goods [1]. Social advertising should be clearly separated from other information regardless of a form or means of its dissemination so that it could be identified as advertising. Concluding Remarks. The author of the research Oleksandr Iarmolenko suggests that in order to make social advertising more appealing to public in Ukraine, first it needs to gain the status of public policy. Furthermore, it s marketing should never be oriented to promote sales or influence political debate. Last, social advertising should not reveal its sponsors or founders; neither it should contain their trademark, brand or logo.Next Steps. The researcher argues, that social advertising should always bring about positive behavior change without being a negativity or depression trigger. It needs to be interesting, creative, understandable and motivating. The part of the Law on Advertising concerning social advertising needs to be amplified so it better regulates relations in this area thus stimulating its development

Concern about the state of American democracy is a staple of political science and popular commentary. Critics warn that levels of citizen participation and political knowledge are disturbingly low and that seemingly ubiquitous political advertising is contributing to the problem. We argue that political advertising is rife with both informational and emotional content and actually contributes to a more informed, more engaged, and more participatory citizenry. With detailed advertising data from the 2000 election, we show that exposure to campaign advertising produces citizens who are more interested in the election, have more to say about the candidates, are more familiar with who is running, and ultimately are more likely to vote. Importantly, these effects are concentrated among those citizens who need it most: those with the lowest pre‐existing levels of political information.

Like most strategic communication efforts, advertising produces both intended and unintended effects. However, there has been little systematic effort to synthesizing the unintended effects of advertising. This paper attempt to fill the gap in the literature. A thematic review was conducted to review the dimensions, types, and theories concerning the unintended effects of advertising. Variations of unintended effects in valence, levels of analysis, time lapse, content specificity, and audience types were discerned, on the basis of which a typology of nine unintended effects was proposed, including confusion, materialism, idealization, stereotypes, boomerang, violence, creativity, job performance and economic growth. The implications and directions for future research were discussed. It is hoped that the conceptual dimensions and types of unintended effects presented in this paper will serve as an evolving framework for endeavors to enhancing the theory and practice of advertising.

"Argues that what makes AI socially relevant and useful is not intelligence at all but something even more human: communication. If machines are going to improve their ability to address ever more important human issues, it will not be because they have learned to think like people, but because we have learned to communicate with them"--

We illustrate a differential oligopoly game where firms compete à la Cournot in homogeneous goods in the market phase, and invest in advertising activities aimed at increasing consumers' reservation price. Such investments produce external effects, characterizing the advertising activity as a public good. We derive the open-loop and the closed-loop Nash equilibria, and show that the properties of the equilibria depend on the curvature of the market demand function. The comparative assessment of these equilibria shows that firms' advertising efforts are larger in the open-loop than in the closed-loop equilibrium. We also show that a cartel involving all firms, setting both quantities and advertising efforts so as to maximize joint profits, may produce a steady state where social welfare is higher than the social welfare levels associated with both the non-cooperative settings.

Abstract
Smartphone ads compete for the user's attention, which is initially intended to focus on other areas of the small
screen of the device. Despite this competition, smartphone advertisements aim to produce as much cognitive reward as possible in
exchange for the mental effort expended in their processing, that is, they aim at the audience's relevance, as claimed by
relevance theory (Sperber and Wilson 1995), a theory in which cyberpragmatics (Yus 2011) is rooted. This paper addresses several key qualities of effective smartphone
advertising from a cyberpragmatics perspective that focuses on possible sources of relevance of online communication, and now
applied to smartphone ads. Furthermore, it is claimed that today's smartphone-based advertising cannot be accounted for
pragmatically without the incorporation of key terms such as contextual constraint and non-propositional
effect, which add to more traditional pragmatic accounts of online communication (Yus 2017a, 2021a).

Mr. Zeigler, a Director of the Center for Issue Advertising in New York, a television and feature film producer, advertising art director and copywriter, teaches a workshop at the New School for Social Research in Manhattan called "Social Change Through Issue Advertising." The class functions as a miniature advertising agency for interest groups whose objectives coincide with the workshop's: the defense of an individual's right to his life, health and properly through legislative changes. Recognizing the power of advertising to educate and persuade, Mr. Zeigler believes the shortest distance to meaningful social change may be along Madison Avenue. The following is from an interview with him.

Over the last few decades radio has becomeone of the primary means of mass communication in Latin America, able to reach euen the remotest rural populations because of the transistor. Colombia, where ninety‐one percent of the homes in the seven largest cities have at least one radio, has also been heavily impacted by this modern technological phenomenon, Elssy Bonilla de Ramos focuses on radio advertising as a means of characterizing the relationship between radio and the Colombian economic sector. She argues that private companies who own most of the country's stations and networks influence programming and advertising in order to widely promote products which they produce. She believes that in many cases these products are not necessary to the consumers'well‐being but are advertised in a way to make them more desirable. The authorgives a brief history of commercial radio in Colombia during the last fifty years, stating that early in its development programming underwent significant changes in order to capture an expanded audience. Comedy, sports, news, soap operas, classical and popular music, and quiz shows soon dominated the airways to the exclusion of programming that could play a role in the political, social and economic development of the country. She contends that industries that owned radio were intent on training for consumption and she uses a week's sample of programming and advertising to illustrate her point.

At present, consumers are masters of their incomes. Social stratification differentiates incomes and determines significant variations of the consumption structure. Knowing the attitudinal structure of a consumer is a good opportunity to investigate the causes that determine acceptance or rejection of a produce. The most significant means is to study consumers' wishes. The demand for biological foodstuffs is increasing, and this increase is influenced by some changes in the consumer's behaviour and by the appearance and improvement of a legislative framework in the field. As for the biological produce, they have mainly the same features, the differences residing in type of production and certification type, marking, labelling, storage, advertising – elements that are more strictly stipulated by legal regulations than conventional foodstuffs. Organic farming should not be seen as the only viable solution for the rehabilitation of the entire Romanian agricultural sector but as a niche market with untapped potential in its capacity to be realized. Romanian consumer does not have an accurate perception of what it really a organic product although it claims to be the actual consumer of organic product.

Findings on attitude change (see SA 0749/C0249) are developed further to arrive at a workable tool to measure involvement in persuasive stimuli. TV & magazine media are compared in the context of a low involvement (LI) model & a high involvement (HI) model. Data on R's connections in response to commercial. & advertisements are presented in 6 tables. These data were obtained from testing F's at a shopping center in New Jersey as well as from several laboratory exercises. On their basis, 5 hyp's appeared justified: (1) Involvement with advertising tends to be highest when attention is directed to the editorial environment, less when it is directed to the advertising, & least when advertising is presented alone. (2) Involvement with advertising tends to be consistent with interest in the editorial environment, ie, greater interest carries over to produce HI. (3) Involvement tends to be higher for magazines than for TV with HI products, but no diff with LI products. (4) Involvement, as measured by a number of connections per minute, tends to be more sensitive than, & independent of, 2 other measures: (a) Starch Noting scores, & (b) seconds of stimulus exposure. (5) Involvement with specific stimuli tends to be more varied & consequently less predictable with products of intrinsically LI, while stimuli representing a HI product more often tended to share the same level of involvement. Finally, it is hyp'ed re advertising in particular that F's tend toward higher or more favorable involvement than M's. The diff may be viewed in terms of the woman's role as fam purchasing agent in US society. In the general theory of involvement presented it is suggested that the less highly involved men are more likely to be impulse buyers, while the more highly involved F's are more likely to be planful buyers of advertised goods & services. M. Maxfield.