Suchergebnisse

Der Verfasser skizziert zunächst die Funktion der VDI-Kommission 'Reinhaltung der Luft' und diskutiert die rechtliche Qualität technischer Regelwerke in der Bundesrepublik. Er untersucht im folgenden die Stellung der VDI-Kommission als Träger öffentlicher Aufgaben und analysiert ihre Handlungsmöglichkeiten im Kräftefeld zwischen Staat und Industrie, die diesen Möglichkeiten zugrundeliegenden Funktionsbedingungen sowie die Grenzen einer privat organisierten Normbildung. Hierzu werden Tätigkeitsfelder und Organisation der Kommission, Funktionsbedingungen der Richtlinienarbeit, Beteiligungsmotive der Sachverständigen und Mechanismen der Entscheidungsfindung behandelt. Die intermediäre Stellung der Kommission und die Sanktionsgewalt des Staates werden als Voraussetzungen eines erfolgreichen Interessenausgleichs herausgearbeitet. (WZ)

The Air Pollution Toile is a prototype wallpaper created to spark discussions about internal air pollution. The wallpaper gradually changes over time in response to common pollutants including nitrogen oxides, particulate matter and carbon monoxide. Over some years, the inks in the wallpaper reveal the hidden physiological impacts of air pollution such as lung disease, heart disease, stroke, cancer and dementia, using medical imagery, and embedding these in drawings of everyday activities through which people are involved in producing and being exposed to air pollution. Rather than seeking to simply visualise data, the wallpaper translates across different aspects of air pollution, linking data gathering and representation, production of and exposure to pollutants, public health and everyday life and science and interior design. Its inventive graphical language uses traditions associated with toile de Jouy to bring into view contemporary realities and political issues in a domestic setting.

Pollutants -- foreign material in the air -- can be man-made or occur naturally, & are concentrated where people are concentrated. Pollution is injurious to health & its prevention places an economic burden on the citizen. Amendments to the Clean Air Act, passed in 1970 & 1977, have been utilized to control air pollution. They encompass different strategies, which have met with varying success. Progress to date has been significant but it has been effected in those areas most amenable to control. Further emission reductions from automobiles, & transportation measures & programs will be more difficult to accomplish, but the challenge has been presented. The decision is up to the citizenry as to whether there shall be clean air for all -- & at what price. HA.

Pollutants—foreign material in the air—can be man made or occur naturally, and are concentrated where people are concentrated. Pollution is injurious to health and its prevention places an economic burden on the citizen. Amendments to the Clean Air Act, passed in 1970 and in 1977, have been utilized to control air pollution. They encompass different strategies which have met with varying success. Progress to date has been significant but it has been effected in those areas most amenable to control. Further emission reductions from automobiles, and transportation measures and programs will be more difficult to accomplish, but the challenge has been presented. The decision is up to the citizenry as to whether there shall be clean air for all—and at what price.

In this short critical perspective, we outline the serious problems caused by air pollution in Europe. Using two types of metrics, level assessment and trend assessment, we quantify the contribution of ammonia, NO(x), SO(x), non‐methane volatile organic compounds, and particulate matter in terms of years of life lost per capita and explain the connection between the various pollutants and their effects on human health and the environment. This is done on the basis of data collected by individual European Union (EU) member states as well as by the EU as a whole. We examine general emission trends as well as sector‐specific emissions and discuss the effectiveness of current legislation in reducing health risks and environmental damage. By combining these results with a cost–benefit analysis, we show that a further reduction in NO(x) emissions is the most urgent and potentially the most beneficial.

Many cities in Kosovo suffer from poor air quality, with ambient concentrations of particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less (PM2.5) significantly exceeding the national and European Union (EU) standards and global air quality guidelines for PM2.5 established by the World Health Organization (WHO). The air pollution in the capital city of Prishtina rivals that of big cities like Beijing, Mumbai, and New Delhi. Especially in winter, urban areas face severe smog episodes, caused by the increased demand for heat from the residential and commercial sector, which is mainly provided by burning solid fuels. Such levels of air pollution are unsafe for Kosovo's population of 1.9 million and cause significant deleterious health impacts. This report is one in a series of three reports on air quality management (AQM) in Kosovo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and North Macedonia. It examines the nature and magnitude of ambient air pollution (AAP) in Kosovo. It provides estimates of the health burden and the economic cost associated with the health impacts of AAP, that is, PM2.5, in Kosovo. It also analyzes of the roles of various sources of PM2.5 emissions on ambient air quality in Kosovo at a national level. The institutional and policy framework for AQM in the country is examined, including contributions of other development institutions in supporting Kosovo in addressing air pollution. Furthermore, the report presents experiences of selected countries that have applied different policy, investment, and technical interventions for air pollution, prevention, reduction, and abatement. Finally, it provides recommendations for reducing air pollution in Kosovo.

Cover title. ; Report prepared pursuant to proposal 293 sponsored by Representative William F. Gibbs. ; Mode of access: Internet.