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The 2 chief works of de Tocqueville: ON DEMOCRACY IN AMERICA & the ANCIENT REGIME AND THE REVOLUTION both start with the same question: the supreme ideal of society is egalitarianism; can it also include freedom? For de Tocqueville, democracy is before everything, a soc fact, an equality of conditions which implies the sovereignty of the people & their participation in public affairs within its framework, & which, in its econ aspect, tends toward the reduction of inequality. However, the democratic society is not necessarily a liberal one; de Tocqueville considers liberty to be the security of everyone under the protection of the law, to the extent that the citizens have themselves, contributed to the establishment of the laws, & to the extent to which they themselves are free. De Tocqueville's problem, therefore, is: Under what circumstances does a democratic society have the best opportunity for not becoming despotic? In examining 2 separate instances-the US & France-he replies by elaborating the viewpoint of Montesquieu, develops the principle of modern industrial & commercial societies, with their clear understanding of their own interests & their respect for the law; & at the same time, makes clear the relationship between soc types & types of Gov. The opportunities of democracy seem more possible for him in the US than in France, since there we can see a historic continuity, communal & regional liberty, religious beliefs lacking a participation in an established church, & indifference to general theories. A cent ago, de Tocqueville had clearly envisaged the coming of a democratic regime; the hostility & indifference which greeted his views came from 2 directions: the historians have extensively criticized the generalities in which his views are couched & the inadequacies of his documentation, & the sociol'ts, up to the break between totalitarianism & pluralistic democracy, have misunderstood the historical import of the problem which he has posed. Tr by J. A. Broussard from IPSA.

Of all the soc sci's, pol'al sci has, to date, been the 1 that has taken the least part in the efforts of UNESCO toward peaceful cooperation. This situation impairs the study of pol'al phenomena in countries outside of Western Europe & North America & contributes to the Ideological diff's which are already reflected in the double terminology: peaceful cooperation in the West & peaceful coexistence in the East. For the attempts at internat'l cooperation of the sci'sts to become positive contributions, it will be necessary to conduct limited studies in connection with the other soc sci's (eg, studies of the admin'ive, gov'al & pol'al aspects of the effects of technical transformations) & to seek an improvement in the understanding of the actual functions of inter-gov'al org's & of internat'l aid programs. Tr by J. A. Broussard from IPSA.

"Cette brochure est basée sur le livre "Notre Constiution et notre Gouvernement", de Cathryn [sic] Seckler-Hudson ."p. [ii]. ; Translation of: The United States of America, a government by the people. ; Map on p. 2 of cover. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Appeared in the Revue de Paris of September 1916. The publicity department of the British government issued the English text as a pamphlet entitled "Plain words from America." The American edition (Goerge H. Doran co., N. Y.) has title "My German correspondence" and contains also "The letter from a German professor." ; Mode of access: Internet. ; "Compliments of Douglas W. Johnson" in manuscript on cover.

An historical and descriptive account of the Pacific Coast of North America. ; "Bibliographie chronologique des ouvrages cités ou consultés": v. 2, p. 485-500. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; Military Service Inst.

Translation of: Resources of the United States of America. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Revised and considerably enlarged edition, prepared by a new and unnamed editor, of Choix des lettres, etc., ed. by J. B. Montmignon, 8 v., Paris, Maradan, 1808-09. V.6. p. 1-331 contains a new introductory account of the discovery of America and of Canada, and letters from missions, as in the Lyons 1819 ed. ; Mode of access: Internet.