• Officials believe influenza was brought over by people returning from Europe on American transports • Writer states that there is little that can be done to combat the disease besides absolute quarantine and that will be impossible at this time because it would "require interruption of intercourse between communities as drastic as was resorted to in the dreaded days of yellow fever in the South."• "Precautionary measures are considered the best weapons to combat the malady and as the disease is a new one to American physicians the government possibly may take the menace in hand by issuing country wide warnings and general instructions of how to avoid the infection if possible and how best to meet it if it is contracted." • Description of the effects of Spanish Influenza: "Spanish influenza, although short-lived and of practically no permanent serious results, is a most distressing ailment, which prostrates the sufferer for a few days…" ; Newspaper article ; 2
The School Garden Shelter House Given by Mrs. Frederick Ferris Thompson; James Alexander Scrymser; Mr. Parsons' Government Appointment; The Botany and Plant Products of Northern South America; The New Dahlia Border; Hardy Woody Plants in the New York Botanical Garden; Autumn Lectures, 1918; Notes, News and Comment; Accessions. ; Vols. for 1933-1941, 1945 include the Annual report of the director, 1933-1940, 1944 (previously published in its Bulletin). Indexes: Vols. 1-15, 1900-1914, issued as v. 15, no. 180; Vols. 16-30, 1915-1929, issued as v. 30, no. 360. United with Garden (New York, N.Y. : 1948) to form Garden journal of the New York Botanical Garden.
Envelope used by Timothy M. Donahue (at American Red Cross Military Hospital No. 3 in France) to send a letter to his brother John C. Donahue in the United States (either Cambridge, Massachusetts, or Nashua, New Hampshire), postmarked in November 1918; includes A. E. F. stamp, "Passed As Censored." This envelope cannot be definitively matched to any of Timothy Donahue's World War I letters in the Norwich University Archives. ; Timothy Michael Donahue (1893-1973) of Northfield, Vermont, served in the Vermont National Guard during the Mexican Border Crisis and in the U.S. Army during World War I. His parents ran the Norwich University mess hall for many years.
"Court of Appeals, State of New York." ; Cover title. ; "Index of sources quoted": p. [433]-452. ; Introduction -- The world's experience upon which the legislation prohibiting the employment of women at night is based. The dangers of night work. Economic aspects of the prohibition of night work. Uniformity of regulation -- Legislation prohibiting the employment of women at night. The American legislation. The foreign legislation. War time exemptions in foreign legislation -- Decision of the New York Court of Appeals upholding the New York nightwork law for women. ; Mode of access: Internet.
Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Text reads: "Civilians, when we go through this we need all the help and comfort you can give - The Jewish Welfare Board" Dimensions: 24.75 X 35.25 ____________________________________ WWI Poster Exhibition Labels for Area Gallery, Fall 2017 Created by students in Libby Bischof's Spring 2017 World War I: Culture, Politics, Memory class Civilians: When We Go Through This We Need All the Help and Comfort You Can Give Sidney H. Riesenberg, 1918 Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Special Collections, University of Southern Maine During the week of November 11th to 18th, 1918, the United War Work Campaign took on a project to raise $170,500,000 in subscriptions and pledges in an effort to boost the morale of the American troops fighting in the Great War, as well as provide recreational activities for them while they served overseas. The United War Work Campaign was comprised of a joint effort by seven different voluntary organizations during World War I. Among these was the Jewish Welfare Board (JWB), formed on April 9, 1917 in order to support Jewish soldiers during the war, as well as the larger effort to help the American military forces in their entirety. The JWB recruited and trained rabbis for military service, provided support materials for newly commissioned chaplains, and oversaw Jewish religious facilities at military installations. This poster was created by Sidney Reisenberg, an illustrator from Yonkers, New York, who was well known for producing posters for the United States Marine Corps and the Liberty Bonds programs. The illustration appears to be sketched with charcoal. The images presented are all in black with the exception of word "Civilians," the Star of David symbol, and "The Jewish Welfare Board." These particular words are blue. Within the Jewish faith blue is a significant color; it represents divinity and equilibrium. At the very center of the poster is a soldier holding up his hand in a gesture saying halt, most likely to attract the attention of the viewer. Behind this soldier are figures, faces, and weapons emerging from within a trench. These images are not very clear, but the grim scene is symbolic of the chaos of trench warfare occurring overseas. The phrase, "When We Go Through This We Need All The Help and Comfort You Can Give" is offset to the left. This is a direct appeal to the civilians on the home front who were viewing this poster to help in any way possible, especially by pledging or donating money. --Caleb Gray, History, Class of 2017 --Ryan Rivas, History, 7-12 Education, Class of 2018 ; https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/wwi_posters/1005/thumbnail.jpg
Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Text reads: "THE COUNTRY NEEDS YOU TO HELP HARVEST THE CORN. LOCK YOUR DESK. CLOSE YOUR DOOR. AND DO YOUR PART. APPLY TO YOUR COUNTY AGENT OR AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE. US DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE." Dimensions: 32.5 X 47 _______________________________________ WWI Poster Exhibition Labels for Area Gallery, Fall 2017 Created by students in Libby Bischof's Spring 2017 World War I: Culture, Politics, Memory class The Country Needs You to Help Harvest the Corn H. Devitt Welsh, 1918 Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Special Collections, University of Southern Maine Created by H. Devitt Welsh and produced by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, this poster brought the war effort home to the American farmers. Corn was promoted as an alternative food during the war years, ensuring that wheat harvests could be conserved and shipped overseas to the soldiers and the European relief efforts. Corn's nutritional value was promoted and foods like popcorn became more popular. Corn harvest yields were bountiful and corn could be harvested often. The labor of the harvest could be difficult without a complete labor force. Volunteer organizations like the Women's Land Army (1918) were formed during the war to assist with harvests. Programs under the Food and Drug Administration encouraged Americans to plant gardens, raise animals, conserve food, waste less, and 'do their part' to aid in the war efforts. In this poster, the artist initially draws the viewer in with the juxtaposition of the waving flag against the cornfield, framed squarely in a farmhouse window. Within the farmhouse, an older man stands next to a seated farmer as they look out over the field. The farmer's face isn't shown and he almost looks like a scarecrow. The faceless farmer may represent the enlisted men, whose farms were left in the hands of their families and neighbors. An empty barrel sits in the corner implying lean times, however, the crop is plentiful and there are potatoes and apples on the table. The message "Lock your desk, Close your door, and Do your part," written across the bottom, appealed to citizens on the home front to assist with the harvest. The war effort, and their men abroad, were depending on them to fill the proverbial barrel. -Jessica Vogel, History, Class of 2017 ; https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/wwi_posters/1006/thumbnail.jpg
Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Text reads: "FOR EVERY FIGHTER A WOMAN WORKER. YWCA. BACK OUR SECOND LINE OF DEFENSE. UNITED WAR WORK CAMPAIGN." Dimensions: 30 X 44.25 _________________________________________ WWI Poster Exhibition Labels for Area Gallery, Fall 2017 Created by students in Libby Bischof's Spring 2017 World War I: Culture, Politics, Memory class For Every Fighter, A Woman Worker Ernest Hamlin Baker, 1918 Howard Solomon World War I Posters Special Collections, University of Southern Maine Wartime posters in this era tended to have four main goals: to sell liberty bonds, to drum up patriotism and support for the war, to fund the Red Cross, and to support troops overseas. Ernest Baker's poster, For Every Fighter, A Woman Worker, draws on the new role women played during World War I. The United States experienced a shift in gender roles and expectations during the war; the reliance on domestic industry to aid in the war efforts overseas brought many women out of the house and in to the workforce as they were needed to fill the jobs vacated by soldiers overseas. While women's efforts to support the first global war are often overlooked, Baker's poster sheds light on some of the ways in which women were recognized for doing their patriotic duty in 1918. In the poster, a literal army of women workers, some wearing military uniforms and some carrying tools and farm implements, march under the banner of the Y.W.C.A. This poster was commissioned by the Young Women's Christian Association (Y.W.C.A.), as part of the United War Work fundraising campaign of 1918. The Y.W.C.A was the first organization to send administrative workers overseas to assist the U.S. Armed Forces during World War I. Posters like this one dealt with the new image of women and their roles in a way that contributed to the war effort without being overtly liberal in the sense of gender equality. WWI era America was a boon to the woman suffrage movement and eventually turned the tide in favor of the passage and ratification of the 19th Amendment in 1919 and 1920, respectively. --Jasmine Armstrong, History and Political Science, Class of 2019 ; https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/wwi_posters/1008/thumbnail.jpg
Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Text reads: "HIS HOME OVER THERE - More Than 2000 Such Homes for Our Boys - United War Work Campaign, November 11th-18th" You may view an undamaged version at the Library of Congress: http://www.loc.gov/pictures/collection/wwipos/item/00653324/ __________________________________________ WWI Poster Exhibition Labels for Area Gallery, Fall 2017 Created by students in Libby Bischof's Spring 2017 World War I: Culture, Politics, Memory class His Home Over There Albert Herter, 1918 Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Special Collections, University of Southern Maine This poster was designed by Albert Herter (1871-1950) for the United War Work fundraising campaign, which took place from November 11th through the 18th, 1918. Born in New York in 1871, Herter had a successful career in painting and interior design, as well as illustration. He began designing WWI posters in honor of his son Everit, who served and was killed in the war in 1918. The United War Work Campaign raised funds to help provide American soldiers overseas with the necessary essentials as well as entertainment to boost their morale such as: movies, libraries, gymnasiums, and swimming pools. President Wilson organized the United War Work Campaign fundraiser to raise 170 million dollars to help fund and pay for demobilization. The fundraiser lasted for a week and included organizations such as the YMCA, the YWCA, the American Library Association, the Knights of Columbus, the Salvation Army, and the Jewish Welfare Board. The weeklong campaign raised 203 million dollars--the largest fundraiser in history at that time. Many of the posters for the campaign, including this example for the Young Men's Christian Association, depicted soldiers enjoying food, playing games, or having a roof over their heads. These images, including the one before you, where soldiers are entering a YMCA building during a cold winter evening, resonated with the American people, and made them feel as though they had to help provide for their fellow Americans overseas fighting in the war. The YMCA operated 4000 huts and tents near the front lines that provided recreation and religious services for American soldiers in their allies, as well as 26 R&R leave centers for soldiers in France. YMCA staff and volunteers also sent over hundreds of entertainers, worked with prisoners of war, supervised canteens, and served on troop trains. They became an indispensible part of the war effort. --Wyatt Disney, Psychology, Class of 2018 --Paige Marcello, English, Class of 2020 ; https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/wwi_posters/1009/thumbnail.jpg
Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Text reads: "For home and country - Victory Liberty Loan" Dimensions: 33.25 X 43.75 _____________________________________ WWI Poster Exhibition Labels for Area Gallery, Fall 2017 Created by students in Libby Bischof's Spring 2017 World War I: Culture, Politics, Memory class For Home and Country Alfred Everitt Orr, 1918 Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Special Collections, University of Southern Maine The painter and portraitist Alfred Everitt Orr designed this poster, laden with patriotic symbolism, for the Victory Liberty Loan campaign of 1918. The Treasury of the United States issued four separate Liberty bonds in 1917 and 1918 in an effort to raise money to support the country's war efforts. Civilians were encouraged to purchase these bonds, and would receive three to four percent interest when their bonds matured in the decade following the war. In order to ensure and increase the sale of the bonds, Treasury Secretary William McAdoo recruited artists, movie stars, and Boy and Girl Scouts to support the effort, and created a wide variety of literature and propaganda for the campaigns, such as this poster. In this poster, Orr utilizes the patriotic red, white, and blue colors to focus the viewer on the central scene, a young mother and child embracing their husband and father. It is clear from his wrinkled uniform and battered helmet that the soldier has returned from the front. His wife gently fingers his distinguished service medal as she gazes at him lovingly. This happy family scene echoes what thousands of Americans hoped to experience when their own soldier returned from "over there." The poster appealed to the patriotism and love of home and country of prospective viewers, and the Treasury Department hoped these sentiments would be enough to sell thousands of bonds throughout the United States. Millions of Victory Loan posters were printed and distributed throughout the United States, often displayed prominently on storefronts, in schools, post offices, libraries, and other community buildings. --Libby Bischof, Associate Professor of History ; https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/wwi_posters/1011/thumbnail.jpg
Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Text reads: "Oh, boy! That's the girl! The Salvation Army lassie--keep her on the job - November 11th-18th - UNITED WAR WORK CAMPAIGN" Dimensions: 33 X 43.75 ___________________________________ WWI Poster Exhibition Label for Area Gallery, Fall 2017 Created by students in Libby Bischof's Spring 2017 World War I: Culture, Politics, Memory class Oh, Boy! That's the Girl! George M. Richards, 1918 Howard Solomon World War I Posters Collection Special Collections, University of Southern Maine This poster was created in November of 1918 by George M. Richards and published by the Sackett & Wilhelms Corporation in New York. The poster was sponsored by the Salvation Army, as part of the United War Work Campaign, in order to solicit donations and encourage women to continue joining the Salvation Army as the Great War came to an end. The poster features a young, beautiful woman with a wide smile carrying a tray of doughnuts, standing behind a soldier. The soldier gestures back at the young woman approvingly as he takes a bite from a doughnut. The poster was meant to stress the importance of the support work the Salvation Army Lassies did, such as cook for the soldiers, pray for them and write letters back home to their families. The Salvation Army sent roughly 250 volunteers abroad in 1917 to provide emotional and spiritual support for American soldiers in France, and their allies. They set up huts near the front lines and frequently served hot coffee and fried doughnuts in soldiers' helmets, earning the nickname "Doughnut Lassies" in the process, as evidenced on this poster. This well-received war work raised the profile of the Salvation Army during the war, and they continued this service on the front lines during World War II as well. --Abigail Romano, Liberal Studies and Humanities, Class of 2018 --Katie Gallup, History, Class of 2019 ; https://digitalcommons.usm.maine.edu/wwi_posters/1012/thumbnail.jpg
• Washington – Officials fear Spanish Influenza has been brought to Atlantic Coast cities by American transports• "There is little means of combating the disease except by absolute quarantine and that obviously is impossible"• Government may issue country-wide warnings and general instructions on how to avoid infection ; Newspaper article ; 7
"Dedicated to the youth of America who go forth to serve the cause of democracy in the world." ; "Reprinted from The Christian Register." ; Mode of access: Internet.
"Reprinted from War adjustments in railroad regulation, Vol. LXXVI of the Annals of the American academy of Political and social science. ; Cover-title. ; Mode of access: Internet.
"Reprinted from the American political science review, v. XII, no. 2, May, 1918". ; Cover-title. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Mode of access: Internet.
