Suchergebnisse

The Reception of Western Institutions as the Implementation of the Ancestors' Way – An Analysis of the Edict on Imitation of Constitutionalism Issued in 1906The main aim of the paper is to analyze the ground-breaking imperial edict issued in the Middle Kingdom in 1906, which introduced a package of reforms aimed to establish a constitutional monarchy. The edict is an important part of the process of selective adaptation of not only certain Western institutions, but also the fundamental principles relating to the core organization of the political community. This process was neither mechanical nor one-dimensional. "Translation" of the Western object was involved in a number of dilemmas and challenges (the relationship between the tradition of the "new"; instrumentality or autotelicity of copying foreign institutions; selection of native counterparts of the copied objects). The main theoretical perspective employed in the paper is the "legal transplant" theory. It enables to point out a broader set of conclusions about the process of copying foreign laws and institutions basing on the particular example from China at the beginning of the 20th century.

The Polish minority has been in Southern Bukovina for many generations. To this day, there are Polish cultural and educational organizations, minority members eagerly practice Polish traditions and national customs. The main factor that created opportunities for the development of Polish national identity was the Polish language. The language has been passed down to the next generations and is still used today. The first Poles after the settlement of Bukovina could open a Polish church, schools and social organizations, as a resolute Polish was used by many people and in many places, and became popularized. Subsequent activities of the Polish minority developed interpersonal relationships among the minorities. The Polish language united all Poles in Bukovina, developed institutions and ties with their homeland. The Polish minority continues to practice the Polish language over 200 years after the arrival of their ancestors, as a result Polish identity still exists today. The method of analysis was used in the article. Activities that popularized learning the Polish language and opportunities to promote tradition and identity were presented. Also the history of the southern territory of Bukovina and its impact on the development of the Polish national minority.