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The Art of Staying Neutral offers a fascinating insight into the problems and challenges associated with neutrality in an age of 'total war'. It explains how the Netherlands upheld and protected its non-belligerency during the First World War despite constant interference from its warring neighbours. Staying neutral was an artform that the Dutch managed to master through clever diplomacy, conscientious adherence to international laws, comprehensive mobilisation of its armed forces, regular patrols of its territorial boundaries, careful policing of its citizens, and a decisive measure of good fortune. The Art of Staying Neutral makes important contributions to the study of neutrality and the domestic history of the Netherlands in this seminal world event. - The Art of Staying Neutral geeft boeiende inzichten in de problemen en uitdagingen van neutraliteit in een tijdperk van 'totale oorlog'. Het boek zet uiteen hoe Nederland zijn neutrale status tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog wist te handhaven en beschermen, ondanks de constante druk van buren die wél in oorlog waren. Neutraal blijven was een kunst die de Nederlanders beheersten door middel van uitgekiende diplomatie, zorgvuldige naleving van internationale wetten, uitgebreide mobilisatie van gewapende eenheden, regelmatige patrouillering langs de landsgrenzen en nauwgezette controle van de onderdanen, maar ook dankzij een flinke dosis geluk. The Art of Staying Neutral levert een belangrijke bijdrage aan de studie van neutraliteit en besteedt ook volop aandacht aan de nationale en internationale gevolgen van de opstelling van Nederland tijdens deze ingrijpende periode uit de wereldgeschiedenis.

Is it possible for conservationists to approve of the reconstruction of old façades when virtually everything behind them is modern? Should they continue to protect the front façade, when the rest of the historic building has vanished? Is it socially responsible to spend government money on reconstructing a historic building that has been completely destroyed? Can one do such a thing fifty years on? According to reigning ideas in the world of conservation, the answer to all these questions is 'no'. It is felt that building a stage set is dishonest, and rebuilding something that no longer exists is labelled a lie against history. Where does this predilection for honesty originate? And why do people prefer modern architecture to the reconstruction of what has been lost? Perhaps we are witnessing the legacy of Functionalism here, a movement that denounced the building of pseudo-architecture. Functionalism originated in Romanticism, when architects turned their backs on academic formalism and strove to invent a new, rational form of building. This romantic hunger for honesty was adopted by the conservationists, giving rise to a new respect for the authentic art work and a rejection of historicist restorations. Among conservationists too, distaste arose for the cultivation of a harmonious urban image, because an urban image that is maintained artificially 'old' was seen as a form of fraud. - Mag de monumentenzorg steun verlenen aan de reconstructie van de oude geveltjes wanneer daarachter vrijwel alles modern is? Moet de monumentenzorg alleen nog de voorgevel willen beschermen, als de rest van het monument is verdwenen? Volgens de gangbare opvattingen in de wereld van de monumentenzorg past op al dit soort vragen een negatief antwoord. Men vindt decorbouw oneerlijk, en iets herbouwen wat er niet meer is, noemt men een leugen tegen de geschiedenis. De vraag is waar deze hang naar oprechtheid vandaan komt. Misschien zien we hier de erfenis van het functionalisme dat bouwen van schijnarchitectuur verbood. Het functionalisme ontstond uit de Romantiek, toen architecten zich afkeerden van het academisch formalisme en een nieuwe rationele bouwkunst wilden uitvinden. Dit romantische streven naar oprechtheid werd in de monumentenzorg overgenomen. Wim Denslagen stelt dat de huidige monumentenzorg op bovengenoemde vragen ten onrechte een ontkennend antwoord geeft.

The role of industrial research in the development of the company that sponsors it is an essential question. This book takes up this question in an historical perspective with a case study of the Dutch chemical company DSM, a company that transformed itself three times over the course of its long history. The case study and its analysis offer a fresh perspective on the history of industrial research. Arjan van Rooij works as a researcher at the Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands. - De rol die research speelt in de ontwikkeling van het bedrijf dat deze research betaalt is een essentiële vraag. Wat levert research op? Hoe moet research worden aangestuurd? In dit boek staan deze kwesties centraal en worden ze in een historisch perspectief gezet. DSM, een chemisch bedrijf dat zich in haar lange geschiedenis drie keer transformeerde, wordt diepgaand geanalyseerd en levert een nieuw perspectief op de geschiedenis van industriële research.

When David Gorlaeus (1591-1612) passed away at 21 years of age, he left behind two highly innovative manuscripts. Once they were published, his work had a remarkable impact on the evolution of seventeenth-century thought. However, as his identity was unknown, divergent interpretations of their meaning quickly sprang up. Seventeenth-century readers understood him as an anti-Aristotelian thinker and as a precursor of Descartes. Twentieth-century historians depicted him as an atomist, natural scientist and even as a chemist. And yet, when Gorlaeus died, he was a beginning student in theology. His thought must in fact be placed at the intersection between philosophy, the nascent natural sciences, and theology.

The aim of this book is to shed light on Gorlaeus' family circumstances, his education at Franeker and Leiden, and on the virulent Arminian crisis which provided the context within which his work was written. It also attempts to define Gorlaeus' place in the history of Dutch philosophy and to assess the influence that it exercised in the evolution of philosophy and science, and notably in early Cartesian circles. Christoph Lüthy is professor of the history of philosophy and science at Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands. - Toen David Gorlaeus (1591-1612) op 21-jarige leeftijd overleed, liet hij twee baanbrekende manuscripten na. De postuum gepubliceerde werken hadden een grote invloed op het wetenschappelijk denken in de zeventiende eeuw. Doordat Gorlaeus' identiteit onbekend was, ontstonden al snel zeer uiteenlopende interpretaties van de publicaties. Lezers uit de zeventiende eeuw dachten met een anti-aristotelische denker en een voorloper van Descartes van doen te hebben. Twintigste-eeuwse historici schilderden hem af als een atomist, natuurwetenschapper en zelfs als chemicus. Gorlaeus was echter 'slechts' beginnend theologiestudent en zijn werk bevindt zich op het kruispunt van filosofie, de ontluikende natuurwetenschappen en theologie. Christoph Lüthy beoogt met dit boek inzicht te geven in de familieomstandigheden van Gorlaeus, zijn opleiding aan de universiteit van Franeker en Leiden en de historische context waarin hij zijn werk schreef. Ten slotte probeert Lüthy te bepalen welke plaats Gorlaeus' werken innemen in de geschiedenis van de Nederlandse filosofie en wat hun invloed was op de ontwikkelingen in filosofie en wetenschap.

History, geography, and auxiliary disciplines; Sociology; Economics - Deze verzameling van essays over Singapore houdt de geschiedenis en huidige ontwikkelingen van deze stadstaat tegen het licht. Met een multidisciplinaire benadering kijken de auteurs nog eens kritisch naar de Singaporese geschiedenis om zo beter zicht te krijgen op de uitdagingen waar het land en zijn bewoners op dit moment voor staan.

A detailed analysis of the response to the Yugoslav crisis by one of America's key allies in NATO. The author focuses on the question of how a Western bureaucracy faced up to the most complex foreign policy challenge of the 1990s. The Netherlands, as a 'pocket-sized medium power', is an interesting case study. While the margins for Dutch foreign policy are limited, fate had it that the Netherlands occupied the European presidency during the second half of 1991, when the recognition issue divided the West and the parameters for the subsequent international intervention in the Balkans were set. By July 1995, the involvement of the Netherlands had deepened to the extent that Dutch troops who found themselves trapped in the UN safe area of Srebrenica together with the local Muslim population were unable to prevent the worst massacre in Europe since the Second World War. This study is based on interviews with all the major players, including two former Defence Ministers and two former Ministers of Foreign Affairs, and on documents from the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs, made available under the country's own 'freedom of information act'. - A detailed analysis of the response to the Yugoslav crisis by one of America's key allies in NATO. The author focuses on the question of how a Western bureaucracy faced up to the most complex foreign policy challenge of the 1990s. The Netherlands, as a 'pocket-sized medium power', is an interesting case study. While the margins for Dutch foreign policy are limited, fate had it that the Netherlands occupied the European presidency during the second half of 1991, when the recognition issue divided the West and the parameters for the subsequent international intervention in the Balkans were set. By July 1995, the involvement of the Netherlands had deepened to the extent that Dutch troops who found themselves trapped in the UN safe area of Srebrenica together with the local Muslim population were unable to prevent the worst massacre in Europe since the Second World War. This study is based on interviews with all the major players, including two former Defence Ministers and two former Ministers of Foreign Affairs, and on documents from the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs, made available under the country's own 'freedom of information act'.

This important overview explores the connections between Singapore's past with historical developments worldwide until present day. The contributors analyse Singapore as a city-state seeking to provide an interdisciplinary perspective to the study of the global dimensions contributing to Singapore's growth. The book's global perspective demonstrates that many of the discussions of Singapore as a city-state have relevance and implications beyond Singapore to include Southeast Asia and the world. This vital volume should not be missed by economists, as well as those interested in imperial history, business history and networks.

Dwindling fish stocks, changing markets and often ill-advised government intervention have affected the lives of Dutch fishermen for decades. The author of this study has spent years among the fishermen of the Dutch island of Texel, and this book records the changes in their working lives, tracking the influence of national and international factors on the social and cultural structures of the community. - Onvoorspelbare visvoorraden in zee, de wispelturige markt en de al even grillige staatsinterventies in de visserij zijn dagelijkse kost voor vissers. Rob van Ginkel onderzoekt in Braving Troubled Waters de wijze waarop Nederlandse zeevissers vanaf het begin van de achttiende eeuw tot het heden zijn omgegaan met deze factoren. Hiervoor richt hij zich op het visserijbedrijf op het eiland Texel. Hij laat zien hoe nationale en internationale processen van invloed zijn op de sociaal-culturele structuur van Texel.

By the end of the 19th century, British imperial medical officers and Christian medical missionaries began to introduce Western medicine to Tibet, Sikkim and Bhutan. Their Footprints Remain uses archival sources, personal letters, diaries, and oral sources in order to tell the fascinating story of how this once-new medical system became imbedded in the Himalayas. Of interest to anyone with an interest in medical history and anthropology, as well as the Himalayan world, this volume not only identifies the individuals involved and describes how they helped to spread this form of imperialist medicine, but also discusses its reception by a local people whose own medical practices were based on an entirely different understanding of the world. - Het boek is een baanbrekende studie naar de invoering van 'Westerse geneesmiddelen' in Kalimpong, Sikkim, centraal Tibet en Bhutan. Their Footprints Remain legt de wortels bloot van de inspanningen van medisch getrainde missionarissen en Britse beambten in de koloniale dienst in India om bio-medicijnen in te voeren in deze regio's, en gaat in op de kwestie hoe en waarom het hen lukte.