Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Half Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Declaration -- About the Editor -- Table of Contents -- List of Contributors -- List of Abbreviations -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Antimicrobial Resistance: A Priority for Global Health Action -- References -- Chapter 2 Antimicrobial Resistance Among Migrants in Europe: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis -- Summary -- Introduction -- Methods -- Results -- Discussion -- Contributors -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 3 Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Molecular Typing For Understanding Sexual Networks And Antimicrobial Resistance Transmission: A Systematic Review -- Summary -- Introduction -- Methods -- Results -- Discussion -- Author Contribution -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 4 Enhancing Pharmacists' Role In Developing Countries To Overcome The Challenge Of Antimicrobial Resistance: A Narrative Review -- Abstract -- Background -- Method -- Results -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- Authors' Contributions -- References -- Chapter 5 Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms and Potential Synthetic Treatments -- Abstract -- Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms -- Molecular Applications Against AMR Bacteria -- Conclusion -- Authors' Contributions -- References -- Chapter 6 Antimicrobial Activity of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles on Opportunistic Microorganisms: A Systematic Review -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Material and Methods -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7 Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms among Campylobacter -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms in Campylobacter -- Factors Influencing Antimicrobial Resistance of Campylobacter -- Epidemiology of Fluoroquinolone And Macrolide Resistance in Campylobacter -- Development And Transmission Of Antibiotic Resistance in Campylobacter.

1 The Development of Antimicrobial Agents, Past, Present and Future -- The social and economic importance of antimicrobial agents -- An outline of the historical development of antimicrobial agents and of chemotherapeutic theories -- Reasons for studying the biochemistry of antimicrobial compounds -- Development of biochemical knowledge of antimicrobial action -- Scope and layout of the present book -- 2 The Bacterial Cell Wall — A Vulnerable Shield -- Functions of the wall -- Wall structure -- Structure and biosynthesis of peptidoglycan -- Antibiotics that inhibit peptidoglycan biosynthesis -- 3 Antiseptics, Antibiotics and the Cell Membrane -- Microbe killers: antiseptics and disinfectants -- Polypeptide antibiotics -- Ionophoric antibiotics -- Polyene antibiotics -- An inhibitor of membrane phospholipid biosynthesis -- 4 Inhibitors of Nucleic Acid Synthesis -- Compounds affecting the biosynthesis of nucleotide precursors -- Inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis at the polymerization level -- 5 Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis -- Ribosomes -- Stages in protein biosynthesis -- Puromycin -- Inhibitors of aminoacyl-tRNA formation -- Inhibitors of initiation-complex formation and tRNA—ribosome interaction -- Inhibitors of peptide bond formation and translocation -- Nucleic acid synthesis during inhibition of protein synthesis -- Effects of inhibitors of 70S ribosomes on eukaryotic cells -- 6 Antifungal, Antiprotozoal and Antiviral Agents -- Compounds used to treat protozoal diseases -- Compounds used to treat fungal diseases -- Compounds used to treat virus diseases -- 7 Penetrating the Defences: How Antimicrobial Agents Reach Their Targets -- Cellular permeability barriers to drug penetration -- Some examples of modes of penetration of antimicrobial agents -- The exploitation of transport systems in the design of new antimicrobial agents -- 8 Resistance to Antimicrobial Drugs -- The genetics of drug resistance -- Spread of drug resistance by gene transfer -- Biochemical mechanisms of drug resistance -- Bacterial tolerance -- Practical approaches to the control of drug resistance.

Natural additives are increasingly favoured over synthetic ones as methods of ensuring food safety and long shelf-life. The antimicrobial properties of both plant-based antimicrobials such as essential oils and proteins such as bacteriocins are used in, for example, edible preservative films, in food packaging and in combination with synthetic preservatives for maximum efficacy. New developments in delivery technology such as nanoencapsulation also increase the potential of natural antimicrobials for widespread use in industry. Part one introduces the different types of natural antimicrobials for food applications. Part two covers methods of application, and part three looks at determining the effectiveness of natural antimicrobials in food. Part four focuses on enhancing quality and safety, and includes chapters on specific food products. Reviews different types of antimicrobials used in food safety and qualityCovers how antimicrobials are created to be used in different foodsExamines how the antimicrobials are used in foods to enhance the safety and quality

This volume summarizes and updates information about antibiotics and antimicrobial resistance (AMR)/antibiotic resistant genes (ARG) production, including their entry routes in soil, air, water and sediment, their use in hospital and associated waste, global and temporal trends in use and spread of antibiotics, AMR and ARG. Antimicrobial/antibiotic resistance genes due to manure and agricultural waste applications, bioavailability, biomonitoring, and their Epidemiological, ecological and public health effects. The book addresses the antibiotic and AMR/ARG risk assessment and treatment technologies, for managing antibiotics and AMR/ARG impacted environments The book's expert contributions span 26 chapters, and offer a comprehensive framework for better understanding and analyzing the environmental and social impacts of antibiotics and AMR/ARGs. Readers will have access to recent and updated models regarding the interpretation of antibiotics and AMR/ARGs in environment and biomonitoring studies, and will learn about the management options require to appropriately mitigate environmental contaminants and pollution. The book will be of interest to students, teachers, researchers, policy makers and environmental organizations.

Materials for Biomedical Engineering: Bioactive Materials for Antimicrobial, Anticancer, and Gene Therapy offers an up-to-date perspective on recent research findings regarding the application and use of these materials for disease treatment and prevention. Various types of currently investigated bioactive materials, including therapeutic nanostructures and antimicrobial hydrogels are discussed, as are their properties, impact and future role in therapeutic applications. The book will be extremely useful for new researchers who want to explore more information on the use of bioactive materials or for more experienced researchers who are interested in new trends and specific applications

Introduction -- Part 1 Theoretical and conceptual approaches to ethics in antimicrobial resistance -- Chapter 1 The practical ethics of antimicrobial resistance as a collective action problem (Julian Savulescu) -- Chapter 2 Collective responsibility for antimicrobial resistance (Angus Dawson) -- Chapter 3 Moral aspects of antimicrobial stewardship (Marcel Verweij) -- Chapter 4 Ethical frameworks for rational antibiotic use (Annette Rid, Jasper Littmann, Alena Buyx) -- Chapter 5 The virtuous physician as antimicrobial prescriber (Justin Oakley) -- Chapter 6 Solidarity and compliance with antimicrobial policy (Søren Holm, Thomas Ploug) -- Chapter 7 Resistance, inequality, and epidemiological transition (Lynette Reid) -- Chapter 8 The price of precaution (Joakim Larsson, Christian Munthe) -- Part 2 Ethics and antimicrobial resistance in context -- Chapter 9 Hospital acquired infection (Lyn Gilbert & Ian Kerridge) -- Chapter 10 Antibiotic use in childhood (Michael Millar) -- Chapter 11 Ethics, animals, public goods (Jonny Anomaly) -- Chapter 12 Malaria (PY Cheah& Mike Parker) -- Chapter 13 Resistant HIV (Bridget Haire) -- Chapter 14 Access & availability of new TB drugs (Diego Silva, Adrian Viens, Jasper Littmann) -- Chapter 15 TB Resistance and Human rights (Leslie London) -- Chapter 16 TB Resistance in developing countries (Richard Coker, Marco Liverani, Mishal Khan) -- Chapter 17 Animal Epidemiology (Lisa Boden & Dominic Mellor) -- Part 3 Ethical, legal and economic aspects of antimicrobial resistance -- Chapter 18 Privacy and data collection(Leslie Francis) -- Chapter 19 Mandatory treatment interventions (Carl Coleman) -- Chapter 20 Ethics and AMR Regulation (Belinda Bennett) -- Chapter 21 Ethics of Drug Development (Nick King) -- Chapter 22 Economics of resistance (Coast/Smith) -- Conclusion.

On 15 October 2020, in the middle of the COVID-19 pandemic, Dr. Souha Kanj received a Radboud honorary doctorate in recognition of her achievements in the field of infection control and prevention, efforts in antimicrobial stewardship, and research on various infectious diseases, particularly antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria. This edition includes the laudatio and the speech of our honorary doctor.
Kanj published the first overview of antibiotic resistance in Arab countries and discovered differences between neighboring countries in the epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance. She also developed infection prevention monitoring and education programs for healthcare workers, and private organizations in the Arab world. Thanks to her efforts, Lebanon has signed the WHO pledge for hand hygiene.
Kanj is not only commended for her expertise, didactic skills, and contribution to medicine, but also for her resilience and strong belief in making a positive impact, despite the difficult journey she has been through, having studied during the Lebanese civil war and being faced with numerous challenges that hit Lebanon and the region after that.

This volume contains monographs prepared at the seventieth meeting of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), which met in Geneva, Switzerland, from 21 to 29 October 2008.The toxicological monographs in this volume summarize data on the veterinary drug residues that were evaluated toxicologically by the Committee: the antimicrobial agents avilmycin and tylosin, the antimicrobial agent and containment malachite green, the production aid melengestrol acetate, and the antimicrobial agents and production aids monesin and narasin.This volume and others in the WHO Food Additive

Antibiotic resistance in the environment: expert perspectives -- Antibiotic resistant bacteria in wildlife -- Genomic surveillance for One Health antimicrobial resistance: understanding human, animal, and environmental reservoirs and transmission -- Antibiotic resistance in pharmaceutical industry effluents and effluent-impacted environments -- Antibiotic resistance in municipal wastewater: A special focus on hospital effluents -- Control strategies to combat dissemination of antibiotic resistance in urban water systems -- Antibiotic resistance, sanitation and public health -- Antibiotic resistance and sanitation in India: current situation and future perspectives -- Mitigating antimicrobial resistance risks when using reclaimed municipal wastewater for agriculture -- Antibiotic resistance in soil -- Religious Mass Gathering (Hajj) and Antimicrobial Resistance: From Challenges to Opportunities -- Human movement and transmission of anti-microbial resistant bacteria.

Intro -- Silver Nanomaterials for Agri-Food Applications -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Series preface -- Chapter 1 Silver-based nanomaterials for sustainable applications in agroecology: A note from the editor -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 AgNP-based nanosystem applications -- 1.2.1 Agri-food applications -- 1.2.2 Veterinary applications -- 1.2.3 Environmental applications -- 1.3 Challenges -- 1.4 Biosafety and regulations -- 1.5 Future trends -- 1.6 Conclusion -- References -- Part: 1: Antimicrobials -- Chapter 2 Silver-based nanostructures as antifungal agents: Mechanisms and applications -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Mechanism of action of antifungal agents -- 2.3 Mechanistic approach of silver nanoparticles as antifungal agents -- 2.4 Comparison of antifungal activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles with physically or chemically synthesized na ... -- 2.5 Application of silver nanoparticles in human fungal infections -- 2.6 Application of silver nanoparticles in plant fungal infections -- 2.7 Conclusion -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 3 Antimicrobial properties of surface-functionalized silver nanoparticles -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Synthetic paradigm for colloidal stabilized AgNPs -- 3.3 Biogenic silver nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents -- 3.4 Aqueous phase transfer of colloidal stabilized AgNPs -- 3.5 Oligodynamic antimicrobial mechanism of AgNPs -- 3.6 Biocidal activity of AgNPs against MDR microbes -- 3.7 Synergism of AgNPs with antibiotics -- 3.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 Silver-based nanoantimicrobials: Mechanisms, ecosafety, and future perspectives -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 AgNPs as nano-antimicrobials (antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral) -- 4.2.1 Antibacterial activity of AgNPs -- 4.2.1.1 Antibiofilm activity of AgNPs -- 4.2.2 Antifungal activity of AgNPs.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Foreword -- Series Preface -- Preface for Volume 16: Food Control and Biosecurity -- Chapter 1 - Introduction in Food Safety, Biosecurity and Hazard Control -- 1 - Introduction -- 2 - Ensuring Food Safety Along the Food Chain -- 2.1 - Raw Material -- 2.1.1 - The raw material of plant origin -- 2.1.2 - The raw material of animal origin -- 2.1.3 - Genetically modified organisms -- 2.2 - Food Preservation -- 2.3 - Food Processing -- 2.3.1 - Ambient-temperature processing -- 2.3.2 - Processing by application of heat -- 2.3.2.1 - Heat processing using hot air -- 2.3.3 - Processing by the removal of heat -- 2.4 - Food Additives -- 2.4.1 - Antimicrobials of plant origin (plant-derived compounds, plant by-products) -- 2.4.2 - Antimicrobials of animal origin -- 2.4.3 - Antimicrobials of bacterial origin -- 2.4.4 - Antimicrobials of algae and mushrooms origin -- 3 - Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2 - Potential Hazards and Biosecurity Aspects Associated on Food Safety -- 1 - Introduction -- 2 - Potential Hazards -- 2.1 - Zoonosis -- 2.2 - Microbial Pathogens -- 2.3 - Genetically Modified Organisms -- 2.4 - Nonmicrobial Hazards -- 3 - Biosecurity -- 4 - Future Challenges and Economic Factors -- 5 - Conclusions -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 3 - Tools in Improving Quality Assurance and Food Control -- 1 - Quality as a Phenomenon -- 2 - Seven Basic Quality Tools -- 2.1 - Flowcharts in the Food Industry -- 2.1.1 - Case study: flow chart in the meat industry -- 2.2 - Check Sheets in the Food Industry -- 2.2.1 - Case study: check sheets in sensory analysis -- 2.3 - Histograms in the Food Industry -- 2.3.1 - Case study: histogram in analyzing the net content of yogurt -- 2.4 - Pareto Diagrams in Food Industry.