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What, is truly "environmental" about environmental law? This Article is the first attempt to answer this question by integrating Law & Literature scholarship with the study of environmental law. I argue that competing narratives of nature and culture common to the American environmental imagination play a more significant role in environmental law and litigation than previously acknowledged. These competing narratives, communicated through a known set of environmental stories and tropes, are used by attorneys to establish, frame, narrate and argue their cases, and they are absorbed, reimagined, reframed and retold by judges in their written opinions, making environmental law a kind of expressive, literary event. To illustrate this process, the Article examines two important and highly visible case studies: the reintroduction of gray wolves into the Northern Rocky Mountains and the public nuisance climate change lawsuit that culminated in the Supreme Court's decision in Connecticut v. American Electric Power. A close reading of the pleadings, legal briefs and judicial opinions in these case studies demonstrates that courts respond to and reinforce traditional environmental stories, such as wilderness tales and the environmental apocalyptic, but evince a strong preference for a less well-known story, which I call the Progressive Management Machine. The Progressive Management Machine promises reconciliation of competing environmental narratives through administrative process and science-driven decision making, but, in so doing, masks its own contravention of those same narratives. The approach developed here launchesa larger project exploring the dynamic relationship between environmental law, literature and narrative. This Article, like the larger project, seeks to elucidate not only various litigators' and judges' rhetorical strategies but also the purposes, content and significance of environmental law.

Artículos en revistas ; En Asia Central se da un tipo de islam muy especial, con características históricas, políticas y culturales propias que lo hacen único. Por ello, muchos autores hablan de un islam tolerante y liberal que sirve como ejemplo de la perfecta convivencia entre islam y democracia, lo que echaría abajo las teorías más apocalípticas sobre esta religión. Sin embargo, el alto grado de corrupción, la ausencia de respeto por los Derechos Humanos y, sobre todo, la perpetuación de las élites políticas centroasiáticas están provocando que grupos radicales como el Hizb-ut-Tahir o el MIU (Movimiento Islámico de Uzbekistán) estén logrando cada vez más apoyos entre la población. Este artículo pretende hacer una revisión del islam en Asia Central con su historia y sus principales características, con el objetivo de dar a conocer esta realidad religiosa. ; In Central Asia a type of very special islam is given , with their own cultural historical, political and make it unique . Therefore, many authors speak of a tolerant and liberal Islam that serves as the perfect example of coexistence between Islam and democracy , which would bring down the most apocalyptic theories about religion. However, the high level of corruption , the lack of respect for human rights and, above all , the perpetuation of the Central Asian political elites are causing radical groups such as Hizb -ut -Tahrir or the IMU ( Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan) they are getting more and more support among the population. This article aims to review of Islam in Central Asia with its history and its main features, with the aim of raising awareness of this religious reality . ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published to coincide with the quincentennial celebrations of Columbus's 'discovery' of the New World, the Native American writer Leslie Marmon Silko's apocalyptic 1991 novel, Almanac of the Dead, is a harsh indictment of five hundred years of colonialism, racism and genocide in the New World. Silko clearly links this inhuman(e) history to the contemporary social policies of a range of nation states within the Americas, to present a variety of political issues that are of crucial significance to contemporary tribal communities and other multi-national disenfranchised groups. Among others, this includes the significance of gender to constructions of American settlement and Federal-Indian relations, and to Silko's own status, and choice of literary topics, as a female (and Native) writer. This essay analyses Silko's disruption of authorized and sanitized state narratives, and of accepted (and acceptable) narratives of settlement; and considers Silko's use of the almanac form – the codex – of the pre-contact Aztec and Mayan libraries as a means to assert indigenous literacy, and to challenge the Euro-American claims to 'civilization' that are the basis for New World settlement. Most significantly, as its title suggests, Almanac of the Dead emphasizes the presence of the dead, both indigenous peoples and African slaves, to expose the real costs of settlement, and to actively un-settle the Euro- American reader. Consequently, Almanac of the Dead presents the powerful alternative histories of a range of dispossessed social and ethnic groups throughout the Americas, while relocating and reconsidering the US within the context of the Americas as a continental and historical whole, and emphasizing the positive potential of political activism.

Desde diferentes disciplinas académicas se han analizado la continuidad y consecuencias del neoliberalismo en el Perú, llegando a conclusiones muchas veces divergentes. Dichas conclusiones pueden a groso modo clasificarse entre una perspectiva legitimadora del neoliberalismo y otra crítica a la dominación que produce. Mientras la primera destaca un país más integrado gracias a la iniciativa privada y al manejo responsable de la macroeconomía, la segunda presenta un país escindido y dominado por una élite de poder. Consideramos que para entender la continuidad del neoliberalismo en el Perú es clave superar una lógica de apocalípticos e integrados. Para ello, proponemos analizar al neoliberalismo como un discurso político. En el Perú de las últimas décadas la producción de sentidos políticos, influida por el capitalismo tardío, habría redefinido las subjetividades políticas de los sujetos. ; Since different academic disciplines have analyzed the continuity and consequences of neoliberalism in Peru, reaching sometimes diverging conclusions. These conclusions can be classified between a legitimizing perspective of neoliberalism and a critique of domination that produces. While the first emphasizes a more integrated through private initiative and responsible management of the macroeconomy, the second shows a country divided and dominated by a power elite. We argue that to understand the continuity of neoliberalism in Peru is key to overcome the logic of apocalyptic and integrated. For that, we propose analyzing neoliberalism as a political discourse. In Peru in the last decades the production of political senses, influenced by late capitalism, have redefined the political subjectivities of subjects. ; Fil: Duárez Mendoza, Jorge Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

"The story of religion in China since the economic reforms of the 1980s is often told through its destruction under Mao and relative flourishing thereafter. A Time of Lost Gods offers a different history of the present. Drifting across a temple, a psychiatric unit, and the homes of spirit mediums in a rural county in the Central Plain, the stories here dwell on the sense of hollowing in the absence of Mao. Among those who engage in spirit mediumship in this rural county, Chairman Mao's reign marked not only earthly rule, but an otherworldly time, an exceptional interval of divine sovereignty, after which the cosmos collapsed into chaos. The accounts here convey what it is to experience the present as a postscript to such an interval. According to the mediums, the Chairman's death inaugurated the return of gods and ghosts, none of whom can be fully trusted, as they now mirror the duplicity of the human realm after market reforms. Those who live in this haunted era must work to discern between the true and false, the virtuous and malicious, amid a proliferation of madness-inducing spirits. At the same time, there is also a sense that the new world--the promised world of the socialist vision--has yet to arrive, across waves of policies that pledged to improve the rural lot. Caught between a fading era and an ever-receding horizon, the contemporary cosmology registers the national imaginary of a land-locked agricultural province "left behind" in a post-Reform regime of value, while refiguring the rural as a potential ethical-spiritual center, awaiting apocalyptic renewal. After a long century of exasperated responses to the threat of colonial seizure, the stories here tell of patients, spirit mediums, and psychiatrists caught in a shared dilemma, in a time when gods have lost their way"--

Interlude A: What is Democracy?, Chip Berlet; Introduction: The Roots of Reaction, Chip Berlet; 1 Theocracy and White Supremacy: Behind the Culture War to Restore Traditional Values, Chip Berlet and Margaret Quigley; 2 Swastikas in Cyberspace: Ultra-Right White Supremacy and Antisemitism Online, Chip Berlet and Carol Mason; 3 The European New Right and US Politics, Margaret Quigley; 4 Militia Nation, Chip Berlet and Matthew N. Lyons; 5 Defending the Four Freedoms: My Dad, Memorial Day, and Democracy, Chip Berlet; 5 Why Now?, Jean V. Hardisty; 7 Drifting Right and Going Wrong: An Overview of the U.S. Political Right, Chip Berlet and Jean V. Hardisty; 8 What We Face in the Year 2000, Chip Berlet and Matthew N. Lyons; 9 Culture, Religion, Apocalypse, and US Middle East Foreign Policy, Chip Berlet and Nikhil Aziz; Interlude B: Condi's Dad and the Lessons of War, Chip Berlet; 10 Running Against Sodom and Osama: The Christian Right, Values Voters and the Culture Wars in 2006, Chip Berlet and Pam Chamberlain; 11 The Rise of Dominionism: Remaking America as a Christian Nation, Frederick Clarkson; 12 Exporting Right-Wing Christianity, Jean Hardisty and Chip Berlet; Interlude C: Taking Tea Partiers Seriously, Chip Berlet; 13 From the KKK to Dylann Roof: White Nationalism Infuses Our Political Ideology, Chip Berlet; 14 Romney Appeals to White Tribalism in Ohio, Arun Gupta and Michelle Fawcett; 15 'Trumping' Democracy: Right-Wing Populism, Fascism, and the Case for Action, Chip Berlet; 16 Republican Ideological Shift in Election 2016, Alex DiBranco and Chip Berlet; 17 From Fascist Ratlines to Republican Party Politics: How Nazi Collaborators Came to America, Chip Berlet; 18 The Patriot Movement, Armed Insurgents, and Trumpism, Spencer Sunshine and Chip Berlet; 19 Trump, Sado-Populism, Alt-Right, and Apocalyptic Neofascism, Chip Berlet; Afterword: Defending Democracy Itself, Chip Berlet and Bill Fletcher, Jr.; Postscript, Frederick Douglass

"When Ahmadinejad was elected President in June 2005, anxiety replaced election fever amongst many Iranians. To let off steam they told jokes. Why did the new President part his hair so straight? To segregate the male and female lice. But while the laughter died down, the anxiety never went away..."As Iran's nuclear programme accelerates, all eyes are on the blacksmith's son who could have his finger on the trigger. Who is Mahmoud Ahmadinejad? What drives him? What formed him? To whom, if anyone, does he answer?Internationally acclaimed journalist Kasra Naji, a native Persian speaker, has spent years in Iran interviewing friends, family and colleagues of the firebrand President to tell for the first time the true story of how he came to power. A picture emerges far more compelling than any of the caricatures offered up so far. While Naji documents the often strange behaviour of Ahmadinejad, with his visions of the Hidden Imam and diatribes against Israel, he also shows him to be full of contradictions: a strange and complex man, at once gripped by apocalyptic beliefs, yet capable of switching spiritual allegiance in the quest for power; a man tough enough to fight street battles in the name of Ayatollah Khomeini during the revolution, who was described by former army comrades as a "coward"; and a man crude enough to invite the German Chancellor to join him in an anti-Jewish alliance, yet sophisticated enough to win the political support of the all-powerful Revolutionary Guard. The unknown Ahmadinejad - revealed here by Naji - is much more of a force to be reckoned with than the bogeyman conjured up by Washington. Naji takes us inside the shadowy council chambers of Tehran, and shows us the plots, passions and personalities that will influence Ahmadinejad's next move, while the world waits with baited breath."--Bloomsbury publishing

Forgetting Hathumoda : the afterlife of the first abbess of Gandersheim / Frederick S. Paxton -- "If one member glories-- " : community between the living and the saintly dead in Bernard of Clairvaux's Sermons for the Feast of All Saints / Anna Harrison -- The pope's shrunken head : the apocalyptic visions of Robert of Uzès / Raymond Clemens -- Thomas of Cantimpré and female sanctity / John Coakley -- The changing fortunes of Angela of Foligno, daughter, mother, and wife / Catherine M. Mooney -- "A particular light of understanding" : Margaret of Cortona, the Franciscans, and a Cortonese cleric / Mary Harvey Doyno -- Fragments of devotion : charters and canons in Aquitaine, 876-1050 / Anna Trumbore Jones -- Naming names : the nomenclature of heresy in the early eleventh century / Thomas Head -- Economic development and demotic religiosity / Richard Landes -- Back-biting and self-promotion : the work of merchants of the Cairo Geniza / Jessica Goldberg -- John of Salisbury and the civic utility of religion / Mark Silk -- Understanding contagion : the contaminating effect of another's sin / Susan R. Kramer -- Calvin's smile / John Jeffries Martin -- Why all the fuss about the mind? : a medievalist's perspective on cognitive theory / Anne L. Clark -- Aspects of blood piety in a late-medieval English manuscript, London, British Library MS Additional 37049 / Marlene Villalobos Hennessy -- Machiavelli, trauma, and the scandal of the prince : an essay in speculative history / Alison K. Frazier -- Low country ascetics and oriental luxury : Jacques de Vitry, Marie of Oignies, and the treasures of Oignies / Sharon Farmer -- Crystalline wombs and pregnant hearts : the exuberant bodies of the Katharinenthal Visitation Group / Jacqueline E. Jung -- Gluttony and the anthropology of pain in Dante's Inferno and Purgatorio / Manuele Gragnolati -- "Human heaven" : John of Rupescissa's Alchemy at the end of the world / Leah DeVun -- Magic, bodies, university masters, and the invention of the late medieval witch / Steven P. Marrone -- Afterword : history in the comic mode / Rachel Fulton and Bruce Holsinger

"Although the seemingly apocalyptic scale of the World Trade Center disaster continues to haunt people across the globe, it is only the most recent example of a city tragically wounded. Cities are, in fact, perpetually caught up in cycles of degeneration and renewal. As with the WTC, from time to time these cycles are severely ruptured by a sudden, unpredictable event. In the wake of recent terrorist activities, this timely book explores how urban populations are affected by wounds inflicted through violence, civil wars, overbuilding, drug trafficking, and the collapse of infrastructures, as well as natural disasters such as earthquakes. Mexico City, New York, Beirut, Belfast, Bangkok and Baghdad are just a few examples of cities riddled with problems that undermine, on a daily basis, the quality of urban life. What does it mean for urban dwellers when the infrastructure of a city collapses transport, communication grids, heat, light, roads, water, and sanitation? What are the effects of foreign investment and huge construction projects on urban populations and how does this change the look and character of a city? How does drug trafficking intersect with class, race, and gender, and what impact does it have on vulnerable urban communities? How do political corruption and mafia networks distort the built environment? Drawing on in-depth case studies from across the globe, this book answers these intriguing questions through its rigorous consideration of changing global and national contexts, social movements, and corrosive urban events. Adopting a grass roots up approach, it places emphasis on peoples experiences of uneven development and inequality, their engagement with memory in the face of continual change, and the relevance of political activism to bettering their lives. It is especially attentive to the historical interaction of particular cities with wider political and economic forces, as these interactions have shaped local governance over time."--Bloomsbury Publishing

Abstract
The Republic of the Marshall Islands is beginning to feel the impacts of climate change. Its geography and low-lying landscape have put it at a disadvantage to fight the coming seas. National leadership and environmental groups continue to provide locals with communications about the challenges to come. While climate change is a concept of science, there may be local barriers to its public internalization. This study seeks to determine if there is a relationship between fundamentalist Christian views, climate change communication, and Marshallese perceptions of global environmental change. The Marshall Islands has a deeply religious population, the majority of whom are fundamentalist Christians. A mixed-methods survey is employed to assess the impact that the belief in biblical literalism, the Noahic Covenant, and apocalyptic narratives exert over Marshallese views of environmental change. Results demonstrate that nonelite Marshallese inhabitants do not see climate change as an existential threat but rather as a sign of the end times and the Second Coming of Christ. This has significant implications for human security and migration outcomes if current climate communication methods are ineffective with respect to urgency. If locals see climate impacts through a religious lens, climate change communication must incorporate biblical concepts and address contextual understandings.

Significance Statement
The purpose of this study is to investigate how biblical literalism impacts the way in which Marshall Islanders interpret information on climate change and its impacts. Religion is a strong factor in the development of cosmology and/or worldview of all peoples; it provides a lens through which people understand the events of their existence. Our results show that climate impacts are interpreted by the followers of some literalist sects to be signs of biblical apocalypse. Viewing climate impacts as divine will pose a challenge to the need for relocation planning, adaptation, and personal safety.

The article describes the interpretation of the image of garden, presented in the first collection of poems "Embarcation for
Cythera" by Georgy Ivanov. It is proved that in the context of this artistic unity, the garden archetype is a cross-cutting symbol
and acts as one of its axiological dominants. It is shown that the semantics and poetics of Georgy Ivanov's image of a garden
is very multifaceted and is motivated by the author's dialogue with the literary and mythological ancient tradition, refracted
through the influence on the poet of the works by Antoine Watteau, Konstantin Somov, Alexandre Benoîs, Paul-Marie
Verlaine, Innokenty Annensky, Mikhail Kuzmin, Igor Severyanin, Fyodor Sologub. The article notes that the structure of
the image of the garden, created in the debut collection of Georgy Ivanov, includes both the archetype of the Water, inherited
from East Slavic mythology, and the apocalyptic symbol of the "bloody moon". For the semantic filling of the image of
garden the motif of languor (tenderness), often found in the lyrics of poets of the turn of the century (I.Annensky, F.Sologub,
M.Kuzmin, Nikolai Gumilyov), is of great importance. The semantic evolution of the garden archetype represents the idea
of the path, which is significant for the examined poet, which is key for the artistic consciousness of not only the authors of
the Fin de Siècle, but also for Russian literature as a whole. Getting used to the time and space of different and at the same
time somewhat similar "gardens", Georgy Ivanov outlines the vector of his own creative development, predicts the movement
towards the collection "Gardens". He outlines the concept of "wanderings" through different mythologies and cultures, which
is relevant both for the aesthetics of Russian symbolists and acmeists.

Decolonial/anti-colonial Black, Indigenous and Mestiza feminist movements and scholar-activists foreground how the oft-touted apocalypse that the Covid-19 pandemic heralds is not new, nor does it signify the great rupture into chaos that those from within modernity-coloniality often claim it to be. Rather Covid-19 is preceded by and will be out-lived by the apocalyptic anti-life onto-epistemological logics that are foundational to the (re)production of hetero-patriarchal capitalist-(settler) coloniality. However, one would commit the violence of reproduction of the epistemological logics and (ir)rationalities constitutive of the current system if the story ended there. We have survived (despite our losses) and our survival points to the urgent necessity and responsibility of (critical) social theory to listen to the story of the pandemic from a Black/Indigenous genealogy and to begin the sense-making of the Covid-19 pandemic, from prior to this particular virus, outside, against and beyond the politics of knowledge of critical social theory itself. Thus, I invite you to journey to an affirmative re-enfleshment of reason and theory-making in relation to and dialogue with Black, Indigenous, and subaltern Mestiza feminist movements in southwest Colombia and in southeast so-called Australia in the unceded lands of the Awabakal and the Worimi. I explore this through the metaphor, the materiality, the cosmology and the herstory of the mangrove swamps a knowing-being otherwise (in)visible to the dehumanising gave of Whiteness and bring to thought three stories of a politics of knowledge of/as the Black/racialised and feminised body/flesh. To do this is to suggest that the co-creation of pathways which are life affirming and life making beyond and out of the post-Covid 19 conjuncture involves an epistemological-political project which decolonises and feminises the containments of reason and knowing (non)being of coloniality/modernity.

La première et la deuxième guerre du Golfe font partie des interventions militaires « préventives » typiques de l'État d'exception, qui trouvent leur légitimité dans la perception partagée d'une menace et d'un risque imminents. À dix ans d'intervalle, Gerhard Richter et Werner Herzog se confrontent à ces événements. Le premier avec le livre War Cut (2003), dans lequel il assemble des extraits de journaux sur la guerre et des détails d'une de ses peintures abstraites ; le second avec le film Leçons de ténèbres (Lektionen in Finsternis 1992), dans lequel il explore le paysage du Koweït dévasté par des puits de pétrole en feu, mais accompagne les images d'un texte apocalyptique qui ne fait aucune référence explicite au conflit. L'article discute et réfute les accusations d'« esthétisation de la guerre » portées par certains critiques à l'encontre de ces œuvres et montre comment elles témoignent au contraire d'aspects spécifiques de ces conflits. En particulier, à travers une focalisation sur l'émergence de la figurativité ou sur son érosion, elles réfléchissent aux stratégies médiatiques de production du risque, ou à l'impact traumatique du conflit sur la population civile. ; The first and second Gulf Wars are "preventive" military interventions typical of the state of exception, which find their legitimacy in the shared perception of an imminent threat and risk. Ten years apart, Gerhard Richter and Werner Herzog have grappled with these events. The former with the book War Cut (2003), in which he assembles newspaper excerpts about the war and details from one of his abstract paintings; the latter with the film Lessons of Darkness (Lektionen in Finsternis 1992), in which he explores the landscape of Kuwait devastated by burning oil wells, but accompanies the images with an apocalyptic text that makes no explicit reference to the conflict. The article discusses and refutes the accusations of "anesthetization of war" made by some critics to these works and shows how, on the contrary, they testify to specific aspects ...

This paper is part of a large research on the changes presented in Argentina's political communication since 2001 to date. Our aim is, in the first place, to investigate these transformations and determine in which realm they belong: within discourse (use of language) or, in a more general way, within political practices. Secondly, we evaluate the importance of such transformations and the eventual need for adjustments in conceptualizations that, in Argentina, discourse analysts have been using for many years. Our working hypothesis dictates that, beyond certain apocalyptic readings regarding a supposed lost of specificity in political discourse, it keeps its distinctive features and, therefore, we can argue that classical definitions have not become obsolete, but they need to be explained in detail for a better understanding of the new modalities in political practices (as in Fairclough, 2003). To verify our hypothesis, we analyse a corpus conformed by Facebook posts taken from the accounts of the two main candidates in 2019 Argentine presidential election. We contrast our results with the classical definitions of political discourse and some new explanations that propose an un-politicization of political discourse in XXI. We adopt Social Semiotics as main theoretical framework with a multimodal perspective. ; Este trabajo se inscribe en un proyecto de investigación de largo plazo que se propone dar cuenta de los cambios en la comunicación política en Argentina a partir del año 2001. En esta ocasión, nuestro objetivo es estudiar algunas de esas transformaciones y definir si corresponden al plano discursivo (el uso del lenguaje) o, de manera más general, a las prácticas políticas. En segundo lugar, evaluamos la importancia de tales modificaciones y la eventual necesidad de ajustar las conceptualizaciones que, en Argentina, los analistas del discurso utilizan desde hace algunas décadas. Nuestra hipótesis es que, más allá de ciertas lecturas apocalípticas respecto de la supuesta pérdida de especificidad del ...

The article considers the key ideas of the book by P. Vodopianov and V. Krysachenko "The Strategy of Human Existence: From Apocalyptic to Noospheric Age" (2018) in the context of searching for the principles of consolidating Ukraine for achieving sustainable development goals. Emphasis is placed on the aspects that actualize the formation of a new attitude to nature, aimed at the survival of the mankind; overcoming the dangers and threats to modern society, which requires the improvement of each person and the world order as a whole. The article highlights the main ideas of the book, namely that of the significance of the latest worldview values for humanity and the idea of the expediency of choosing safe development strategies. In the context of the implementation of these ideas, it is emphasized that the authors have managed to analyze the worldviews and objective laws of nature, as well as the consequences of human activities that promote or hinder the movement of mankind towards self-destruction; explore different versions of the Apocalypse, main directions of economic, environmental, and energy security; justify the strategy for sustainable (sufficient) development. In this regard, it is shown that the elaboration of these problems carried out in the book led the author of the article to elaboration on applying the main ideas of the book to modern Ukraine, which has now entered the era of globalization. In particular, attention is focused on the achievements, difficulties and long-term tasks in solving the problem of sustainable (sufficient) development of modern Ukraine. It is concluded that this book contributes to the formation of modern global thinking, aimed at actualizing the importance of universal values and strategic and existential principles of the consolidation of humanity in general and Ukrainian society in particular.