Suchergebnisse

In the proposed material, the author's team, as in some other similar articles, continues to analyze the topic of redundancy and the professionally applied nature of the training of athletes and athletes. The relevance of such an analysis is based on numerous precedents and attempts to pass one off as another, building a bridge on this supposedly natural and continuous transition from a sports career to career growth in other professional areas of labor and military practice that are not directly related to the sphere of physical culture and sports. Which often leads to sad consequences.
The demonstration of the fundamental differences between redundancy and the professionally applied nature of physical culture and sports training with examples from the field of boxing, taekwondo, practical shooting clearly confirms the correctness of the argumentation and conclusions of the authors of the article. At the same time, the material of the article indicates the possibility and necessity of developing this topic for the preparation of athletes and athletes not only for military or service, but also for civilian labor professional activity. Consequently, the topic chosen by the author's team has a continuation in the field of development of professionally applied sections of physical culture and sports training in non-core domestic universities.

Digital transformation and rapid development of Internet technologies in the past decade have contributed to the emergence of an innovative business model of collaborative consumption [Sheresheva, Katsoni, 2019] and the spread of collaborative consumption services (CCS). This study attempts to identify the factors that influence consumers' decision to use CCS, drawing on generation differences formulated on the basis of generation theory, with a particular focus on Russian consumers. The factors highlighted as a result of systematization of existing studies have been tested on the data of a quantitative study conducted in the form of an online survey with a sample of 3635 Russian users of CCS. An explanatory factor analysis (EFA) helps the authors construct the framework of factors that influence the decision of three generations of consumers (X, Y, and Z) to use CCS. The analysis of variance between the groups (ANOVA) highlights the generation differences that affect the decision to use the CCS by representatives of three generations. The identified generation features are of both theoretical significance, serving as a basis for further research, and practical value for business, mitigating the risks of introducing new CCS to the market, allowing for the needs of various generations of users.

In the current conditions of economic and socio-demographic development of the Russian Federation, the role of migration processes in making up for the loss of labour potential and ensuring a sustainable and balanced growth of the economy is increasing. Of great relevance are becoming studies of the problems of labour market balance in their interaction with migration processes and development of practical measures in the field of improving the regulation of labour immigration. The article analyzes statistical material characterizing the trends in attracting and using foreign labor in the modern Russian economy. The peculiarities of the functioning of the national labour market are identified and revealed. Quantitative and structural imbalances in the labour market between labour demand and supply are analyzed. It is shown that the labour market is central among the socio-economic determinants of labour immigration. There is made an assessment of the state and dynamics of the processes of attracting and using foreign labour in connection with the analysis of trends in the situation at the labour market. The impact of labor immigration and its structure on the functioning of the labour market and employment is revealed. The ambiguous consequences of the use of foreign labour for development of the national economy were considered. The positive and negative effects of labour immigration were highlighted. A special attention was paid to development of the issues of improving the state migration policy in the field of labour immigration. The most problematic components of attracting and using foreign workers are shown. There is proposed the development of tasks related to overcoming the existing miscalculations in the labour immigration management practice. There are identified specific measures for solution of the existing problems of receiving foreign labour in order to ensure both short-term and long-term economic and geopolitical interests of the country's development. There are developed proposals and recommendations on the regulation of flows of foreign migrant workers.

In article supercomputer technologies application in social and economic and
technological researches analysis results are presented. It is revealed that these
technologies are applied in the core at the decision of volume technological, design
and analytical tasks with usage of a considerable quantity of information. These tasks
dare, as a rule, numerical methods with obtaining of approximate results having
significant enough errors which estimation of boundary values is often more difficult,
than technical calculations. It is shown that the complex decision of social and
economic tasks with usage of the big arrays of statistical information is represented
more comprehensible to usage of supercomputer technologies with usage handling
static information and forecasting newest methods. The authoring concept of system
engineering of modeling and monitoring of innovative activity in the building sphere,
containing methods of conversion and usage of the statistical information in
forecasting is offered, methods of the decision of the formulated tasks are considered.

The paper analyses the ways how long-term tariff regulation impacts on investment decision in district heating in Russia. Concessions in district heating gave us good chance to analyze impact of tariff regulation on the potential concessionaire decision who is choosing between agreements. The empirical analysis shows that potential concessionaire makes such decisions taking into account specific tariff parameters. The probability of attracting potential investor increases because of indicated volume of rate of return or including energy efficiency indicators; the ratio of operating expenses has negative effect on the probability. The growth rates of total revenue indicated for all years of the planned agreement has no effect on the probability. Potential concessionaire prefers to choose agreements, where the volume of investment commitments is lower, because he is not ready to assume ambitious commitments in the district heating in the current system of regulation.

The article contains a brief analysis of the difficulties and problems of the development of the sociology of sports abroad and in our country. The article considers the situation with certain measures to displace applied profile sociology undertaken in some Russian physical culture and sports universities in the modern period. As a possible explanation of the reasons for the unfavorable policy regarding the sociology of physical culture and sports and, nevertheless, to prove the prospects of including applied concrete sociological research in the organization of educational and research practice in the field of physical culture and sports in Russia, the materials of the plenary report at the International Congress dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the RSUPESY&T (Russian state university of physical education, sport, youth and tourism) are positioned. The text of the article contains references to the fundamental works performed by teachers, undergraduates and applicants of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology of this university over the past 10 years, which formed the basis of this report. The references show the problems facing modern profile science, as well as the results of specific sociological research (CSI) on this issue. In addition, some of the sports-specific areas of the department's work with the use of CSI are briefly reflected.

Creating federal specially protected natural areas (FSPNA) is one of the most effective forms of environmental management. The process of FSPNA territory expansion should begoverned by a comprehensive assessment of the need to increase the area withdrawn from economic land use, including an in-depth socio-economic analysis of the area under consideration. Using methods of statistical analysis we explored the possibility of Rosstat municipalities' data and other publicly available data, to evaluate the possibilities of FSPNA creation and development. Besides, a methodology of constructing an integral characteristic of a municipality for developing a socio-economic justification for the organization (or development) of FSPNAis proposed. The integral characteristic is built on the basis of the principle component analysisand is used to assess the sustainable development level of the territories. Nizhny Novgorod region was taken as a research object. We identify municipalities of the Nizhny Novgorod region, which are promising for the nature protection activities,related to the FSPNA development. The results of the work can be applied while carrying out similar studies in other regions of the Russian Federation.

The author poses the problem of the status of sociology of the body as an independent sub-discipline, putting forward the hypothesis that today this moniker only unites the spectrum of those sociological directions that are engaged in the study of separate theoretical and applied issues related to corporeality. This review allows for securing the trend towards fragmenting sociology of the body as a field of study and strengthening its status as a rubric for research, rather than a full-fledged area of sociology. In order to clarify the subject of sociology of the body and its correlation with other disciplines which study embodiment, three classifications of theories used in body studies are analyzed — philosophical, anthropological and sociological. Unlike other researchers, the author of this article considers the opposition of structuralism and interpretativism to be the most appropriate for designating opposing research programs in the sociological classification of body theories.

The Russian officials extensively apply antitrust prohibitions in the domestic markets. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly determine the presence of dominant companies in the market. The article examines the signs of collective dominance in the antimonopoly practice in Russia. For this purpose, the author examines judicial acts for cases on cancellation of decisions of the Russian Antimonopoly authority concerning collective dominance for 2007-2017, and considers type I and type II errors arising in establishing collective dominance. The empirical analysis of the factors influencing judicial reviews shows that the predictions of economic theory are not sufficiently taken into account in law enforcement.

Issues concerning waste management in Russia became especially relevant during the 1990's with the ensuing restructuring of the industrial sector, when certain components of cyclic production and recycling of materials – which were available during Soviet times – simply ceased to exist. For many years there were no appropriate government programs that could combine an economically feasible approach with environmentally oriented technologies. This article presents the results of a study based on expert interviews on the subject of modernizing Russia's waste management industry throughout the years 2014-2017. The lineup of experts consisted of specialists in various fields: nonprofit organization employees, environmental activists, researchers in the field of humanitarian and natural sciences, businessmen, government officials, professional environmentalists and engineers. The interview carefully examines environmental modernization issues in various fields: legislation, economics, environmentally oriented technologies, where particular emphasis is laid upon resolving social issues and institutional problems with developing this sector. Experts have noticed a positive dynamic in the modernization of the waste management industry during recent years (2010-2017). However, certain omissions are apparent in every area, which must be promptly rectified in order to comply with modern requirements when it comes to stable development and environmental protection. In the field of legal support there is no clear functional allocation of responsibilities among those parties participating in legal interaction. The field of institutional management lacks a chain of stakeholders fit for a waste-free economy. Social policy and labor market structure in the waste management industry are also not fully developed. The project "Clean country", as well as the functionality of territorial models in the field of waste management in Russia, bears special relevance. Non-profit organizations have offered to assume the role of the main resource, together with the business sector, which is in need of legal and economic support on behalf of the government in the form of well thought-out legislative framework, which would consider the interests of all parties participating in decision-making. As for actions which need to be taken immediately, it is essential to reduce the negative impact of waste on the environment.

The article provides an overview of theoretical and methodological concepts presented by domestic and foreign researchers on the development of physical culture and sports social institution, in order to study its role in the formation of personality and the production of social changes. The emphasis placed on the prerequisites and conditions for the emergence of the sociology of sports as a direction of sociological science in our country and abroad seems to be important. The analysis of researchers' opinions on understanding the specifics of the categories "physical culture" and "sport" is presented.
Some theoretical and methodological approaches, such as institutionalism which substantiates the role of social institutions sports in the social practice of different groups of population; a historical approach that allows to analyze the transformation of meanings of terms "physical culture" and "sport"; a sociocultural concept that makes it possible to consider physical culture and sports as elements of a broader category of "culture", as well as the work of modern domestic and foreign scientists in the field of sociology of sports are presented in the article. The author uses the following research methods: analysis, synthesis, generalization, content analysis of documents; analysis of statistical data. The novelty of the research issue lies in the critical understanding of the current state of physical culture and sports as social institutions from the standpoint of theoretical and methodological sociological concepts, including the analysis of different points of view on the content of the terms "physical culture" and "sport".
The author comes to the conclusion about the absence of a unified approach and interpretation of concepts, their hierarchy: on the one hand, physical culture, considered as a derivative of the concept of "culture", which is basic and includes the concept of "sport"; on the other hand, despite the close semantic meaning, the terms are independent and have characteristic distinctive features. The current situation of instability, high risks caused by a conglomerate of political, economic, epidemiological and other problems affects all spheres of life, including the field of sports, which dictates the need for further sociological research to make motivated decisions at all levels of government in a nutshell and long term.

The interaction of the state and business in industrial sphere is growing up with a rebirth of role of manufacturing in the first-quarter of XXI century. This broadens the economic content of public-private partnerships and involves in their activities the growing number of different partners, i.e. research institutes, scientific centres, technological consortia, universities, nongovernment organizations, etc. Such multipartnerships for their evaluation need a new strategy, aimed at reaching not only efficiency, but also fair distribution of outcomes of joint activities. The Gini coefficient is conventional applied in statistics for measuring inequality in society, but in this article this coefficient has been used for defining the degree of equal distribution of benefits and costs between members of the partnership. For this purpose there has been elaborated an integrated financial model, which displays the interaction of cash flows of project and particular participants in the framework of benefit-cost analysis of PPP. The essence of such an approach is illustrated by the abstract case, which is not bearing the complexities of actual projects, and firstly, demonstrates the interaction of benefits and costs between the partners at two levels, i.e. financial and economic ones, secondly, unites the basic stages of project efficiency evaluation and the calculation of the modified Gini
coefficient. Analytical capabilities of such an approach have been examined by the concrete case of nanoceremic manufacturing in Novosibirsk as this enterprise has obtained the effective and rather well-balanced mechanism of partnership. Gini coefficient can serve as the indicator of achieving well-balanced partnership in the successfully, in economic point of view, projects, when a number of members is more than two.

This article is part of the author's dissertation research. Our research, which began with the study of fashion discourse in general and the fashion discourse of the 1960s in particular, led us to the discovery of the fact that in this field there are currently no linguistic works covering the period of the second half of the 20th century.
The author presents a review of several Russian-language sources — monographs and articles written in the 21st century by Russian researchers in the fields of cultural studies, art history, sociological and economic research, analysing the features of the 1960s era in the spheres of production and consumption in the Soviet Union.
Our article presents a linguistic argumentative approach to the analysis of the vestimentary discourse that unfolded on the pages of Soviet printed periodicals in the 1960s; articles and notes from the newspaper "Sovetskaya Kultura" [Soviet Culture] were especially interesting for us. In the article, we pay attention to the following aspects identified by us, inherent in the newspaper vestimentary discourse of the analysed era: the tactics of exposing anti-creativity (detective script); actualisation of the effect of deceived expectations; objectivity and subjectivity of professional discourse; reflection as a factor of the adequate implementation of vestimentary discourse elements (explicativeness of discourse); the tone of discourse (an optimistic ending as the author's attitude). Each of the listed blocks of our work is illustrated by vivid examples — excerpts from two articles from the newspaper "Sovetskaya Kultura" [Soviet Culture] for 1960 and 1965. Using the methods of contextual and linguistic argumentative analysis, we find that the Soviet vestimentary discourse of the 1960s was characterised by dialogueness, explicativeness, and concern for the addressee.
The results of our research can be practically applied in teaching the following disciplines: discourse and communicative practices, linguistic argumentation, text analysis and interpretation, the history of Russian journalism, the language of press.

The article discusses the correlation between structured extracurricular activities and the performance of children with disabilities. This interrelation is theoretically substantiated and studied in various social sciences, including sociology. The positive relationship of these variables can be explained through the prism of sociological theories, thanks to the scientific work of sociologists Coleman, Bourdieu and Portes. The author provides an overview of the theoretical rationale for the positive impact of extracurricular activities on student performance at school: "development models", Coleman's hypothesis "on leadership in the crowd", the concept of "social capital". The correlation between structured extracurricular activities and academic achievement is also supported by empirical research around the world. However, at the moment, insufficient attention has been paid to studying this issue on groups of children with disabilities, for whom additional classes are an important resource for adaptation to social life, including after receiving secondary education. The discussion about the interconnection of these parameters is rarely traced in the field of the social sciences either. The sample of the field study carried out by the author included students from correctional programmes at a boarding school in a Russian city with a population of one million. Using the method of linear regression analysis, models were built in which the students average score in school subjects was predicted based on data on the duration of their studies in additional programmes in art and sports. The results of the analysis showed that the duration of classes in art sections is positively associated with the school performance of children with mental disorders both in primary and secondary school, that indicates the importance of such classes for achieving success in learning and, as a result, for successful adaptation to life after school. Activities in sports clubs do not significantly affect the school performance of children from this sample, but neither they have a negative impact. The conclusions obtained by the author are of practical importance for the heads of Russian correctional schools, who make decisions on the need to develop additional education for students on the basis of their educational institutions and for the state authorities supervising these institutions.