Suchergebnisse

The wanderer betweeen freedom and exclusion : an archeology of the «excluded».
Sophie Wahnich [29-46].
When confronted with the phenomenon of exclusion, we are usually told that social practices should be able to prevent the pervasive lonelyness that caracterises an individualistic society. This by beeing more open to the good side of the community. This article looks back to the time of the Ancient Regime's communities, and captures, through the character of the wanderer, the archetype of the «excluded», specific to communautarian cultures, and through this approach, turns the proposition upside down : rather than a lack of communautarian behaviour, isn't the case that our societies still suffer from the communautarian part of their heritage ?

The purpose of this work is to rethink Michel Foucault's writings in the light of a notion - the notion of practice - whose strenght and interest will be emphasized. More specifically as an intensive and plastic notion and in contrast with a unifying concept. Indeed, at a time when practice emerges as a concept which has been philosophically, sociologically and politically overdetermined, Foucault follows his own path, both refusing to ascribe a synthetic function and a theoretical reach to practice. This approach particularly arose at the height of a central and decisive turning-point in his writings - in the early 70's - a practical moment this work aims at redifining and making stand out. Such a refusal of the theoretical synthesis is precisely linked with Foucault's original approach and with the specificity of the fields he explores. Since then, as regards this hypothesis, a new light is likely to be thrown on the genesis of his works. Given the first works are definitely characterized by a prominence of experience, a movement gradually comes into view making practice stand out from experience so as to reach the critical moment of the collapse of theory into practice, this one finally turning into the "practices of the self". Thanks to this process which points out the meaningful elements devoted to practice, it can then be seen that in the wake of the two major moments of Foucault's works - The Order of things ont he one hand, Discipline and punish, The Will to knowledge on the other hand - all the critical stakes are focused on the status given to practice which proves its importance in order to grasp Foucault's gesture. ; L'objet de ce travail est de reconsidérer l'oeuvre de Michel Foucault à la lumière d'une notion dont il s'agira de montrer toute la force et l'intérêt : la pratique. Notion intensive et plastique et non concept unificateur. Effectivement, à une époque où la pratique apparaît comme un concept philosophiquement, sociologiquement et politiquement surdéterminé, Foucault emprunte une voie singulière, refusant d'attribuer à la pratique aussi bien une fonction synthétique qu'une portée théorique, et ce, particulièrement au plus fort du moment doublement central de son oeuvre - le début des années 1970 - moment pratique que ce travail cherche à isoler et à redéployer. Un tel refus de la synthèse théorique est précisément lié à l'originalité de la démarche suivie par Foucault et à la nature des champs qu'il explore. Dès lors, c'est la genèse de l'oeuvre qui, au prisme de cette hypothèse, est susceptible de recevoir un éclairage nouveau. Si les premiers travaux se caractérisent en effet par un primat de l'expérience, on assiste progressivement au mouvement par lequel la pratique se dégage de l'expérience pour atteindre le moment critique d'un effondrement de la théorie dans la pratique, cette dernière se redéployant finalement dans les "pratiques de soi". A la faveur de ce parcours qui pointe les éléments significatifs pour la pratique, on aperçoit alors que, dans le sillage des deux moments majeurs de l'oeuvre de Foucault que sont Les Mots et les choses d'une part, Surveiller et punir et La Volonté de savoir d'autre part, tous les enjeux critiques se cristallisent autour du statut accordé à la pratique, preuve de son importance pour saisir le geste foucaldien.

The purpose of this work is to rethink Michel Foucault's writings in the light of a notion - the notion of practice - whose strenght and interest will be emphasized. More specifically as an intensive and plastic notion and in contrast with a unifying concept. Indeed, at a time when practice emerges as a concept which has been philosophically, sociologically and politically overdetermined, Foucault follows his own path, both refusing to ascribe a synthetic function and a theoretical reach to practice. This approach particularly arose at the height of a central and decisive turning-point in his writings - in the early 70's - a practical moment this work aims at redifining and making stand out. Such a refusal of the theoretical synthesis is precisely linked with Foucault's original approach and with the specificity of the fields he explores. Since then, as regards this hypothesis, a new light is likely to be thrown on the genesis of his works. Given the first works are definitely characterized by a prominence of experience, a movement gradually comes into view making practice stand out from experience so as to reach the critical moment of the collapse of theory into practice, this one finally turning into the "practices of the self". Thanks to this process which points out the meaningful elements devoted to practice, it can then be seen that in the wake of the two major moments of Foucault's works - The Order of things ont he one hand, Discipline and punish, The Will to knowledge on the other hand - all the critical stakes are focused on the status given to practice which proves its importance in order to grasp Foucault's gesture. ; L'objet de ce travail est de reconsidérer l'oeuvre de Michel Foucault à la lumière d'une notion dont il s'agira de montrer toute la force et l'intérêt : la pratique. Notion intensive et plastique et non concept unificateur. Effectivement, à une époque où la pratique apparaît comme un concept philosophiquement, sociologiquement et politiquement surdéterminé, Foucault emprunte une voie ...

As a roman colony and administrative capital of the Gaul Lyonnaise province, the city of Lugdunum entwines, since its origins, direct links with the exercitus romanus. This city was entangled directly and often in major military conflicts. Furthermore, it was the only settlement in Gaul to welcome a roman cohort, whose existence is confirmed by written sources such as funerary inscriptions. Taking into account these evidences, and lacking of recent findings, Archeology, lightly valued till now, appears as a great important source to understand the procedures of the military presence and occupation in Lugdunum. Recentdevelopments in both rescue and voluntary Archeology, favored the assemblage of a great number of collections. Among the gathered sets of instrumentum, certain objects arise mainly from the military sphere, the militaria.The work set out at the center of this thesis enables to approach the interpretation of the roman military presence in Lugdunum through the perspective of these archeological artifacts. The present study relies on a militaria corpus of 496 fragments to 337 objects, diffused over forty sites, scattered on the territory of the roman colony and its outskirts. Each artifact wassubjected to a thorough research, according to the classifications in use: defensive and offensive armament, belts, straps, harness and others. A technological, typological and chronological analysis is proposed for each one of them, based on the fieldwork observed at the scale of the roman world. After analyzing the data collected, conclusions about space, context and quantity can be established, as well as the notion of a possible craft-related production of certain types of military weaponry and equipment in Lugdunum.The results of this study provide a support for a broader discussion, as it concerns the roman military occupation in Lyon between the 1st century BC and the 4th century AD. The combination of the archaeological, historical and epigraphical data allows several hypothesis on the nature of the ...

The Ministry of Culture, created in 1971, plays the major role in formulating and implementing the Greek cultural policies. This Ministry is highly centralized and, except for the Archeology Service, don't have any deconcentrated structures. The local authorities play an important role too as they have created, since 15 years, many cultural equipements. The major orientation of the Greek cultural policies has always been the protection of Cultural Heritage, because of the presence, throughout the territory, of many ancient monuments. The cultural decentralization has been defined as an other important orientation since the Socialist Governe- ments period. During the 1990s, a particular effort has been made towards specific cultural domains, such as Book, great projects (as Unifying of Athens Archeologie sites) or the creation of cultural networks.

On 12th May 2013 the dedication day of Trajan's Column in Rome was celebrated for the nineteen hundredth time. This anniversary provided the perfect occasion to fully appreciate the outstanding significance of this unique monument by means of an international conference, especially from the perspective of the traditional academic disciplines of Ancient History and Classical Archeology, including many disciplines such as Art History, Religious Studies, Epigraphy, Numismatics, Material Culture Studies and Visual Culture Studies. The volume contains the results of the conference. - Am 12. Mai 2013 jährte sich der Tag der Einweihung der Traianssäule zum neunzehnhundertsten Mal. Das Jubiläum bot den geeigneten Anlass, um dieses einzigartige Monument im Rahmen einer internationalen Tagung in seiner herausragenden Bedeutung möglichst umfassend zu würdigen, vor allem aus der Perspektive der traditionellen akademischen Fächer der Alten Geschichte und der Klassischen Archäologie, freilich unter Einbeziehung vieler Forschungsrichtungen und Disziplinen wie der Kunstgeschichte, der Religionswissenschaft, der Epigraphik, der Numismatik, der material culture studies und der visual culture studies. Der Band hält die Ergebnisse dieser Tagung fest.

Archeology of Populism. American » Liberal Intellectuals in the Grip of McCarthyism. This article aims at demonstrating how the interpretation of McCarthyism as populism in the middle of the Fifties was actually produced by its authors in the role as intellectuals and specialists in the social sciences. They submitted to the figure of the enemy which they sketched out in the speech and practices of the McCarthy they were reconstructing/By, an original cognitive process, neo-liberal intellectuals imperceptibly crossed the borderline in their discourse separating insiders from outsiders, to which their explicit adoption of an ethic of responsibility testifies. Thus, although the scientific grounds for this interpretation were paradoxically called into question later on. it manifested in: itself an explicit rallying to scientific ethics which was striving to achieve the same rapid rise that the social sciences and behaviourist disciplines had enjoyed . until the earlv Sixties.

Agriculture and Religion in the Angkorian Empire
History and archeology show that the Khmers, when they first came to settle in the plains of Northern Cambodia, were strongly influenced by their Indian and Founan experiences. Their initial form ôf agriculture was dependent solely on unreliable rivers and on the much too short summer monsoons. Beginning with the establishment of Angkor in the 9th century, the Khmers underwent a complete agricultural revolution which was responsible for their exceptional development. The basis of this revolution was the "hydraulic city", a vast water system making it possible to stock rain water, impound and regulate rivers and irrigate permanent rice fields, thus assuring both an abundant and stable production. The success of this form of exploitation was also due to their religion, which, though expressed in terms of Hindouism, was actually derived from more ancient soil and water cults.

The National Museum of Antiquities (MAN) was created at the instigation of Emperor Napoleon Ill in 1862. With the proposed creation of the museum has become the need to equip the workshops of molding and restoration. Abel Maître, a sculptor by training, is the first leader of workshop in the late 19th century. Indispensable part of the MAN, Il proved to be a !rue precursor of the restoration of archaeological objects as it conceives today. His successor, Benoit-Claude Champion, leads workshops throughout the first half of the 20th century and works to professionalize the discipline, at a time when the Issue of training for restorers is central to the debate. Through concrete example of MAN workshops, this research alms to show how archeology has emerged as a specialty in the highly artistic restoration, and how the development of this discipline is closely linked to International politics Heritage Preservation, which comes into its own after World war 1. ; Le musée des Antiquités nationales (MAN) a été créé sous l'impulsion de l'Empereur Napoléon III en 1862. Avec le projet de création du musée s'est imposée la nécessité de le doter d'ateliers de moulage et de restauration. Abel Maitre, sculpteur de formation, est le premier chef d'atelier de 1866 à la fin du 19e siècle. Rouage Indispensable du MAN, Il s'est avéré être un véritable précurseur de la restauration des objets archéologiques telle qu'on la conçoit de nos jours. Son successeur, Benoit-Claude Champion, dirige les ateliers durant toute la première moitié du 20e siècle et œuvre à la professionnalisation de cette discipline, à une période où la question de la formation des restaurateurs est au centre des débats. A travers l'exemple concret des ateliers du MAN, cette recherche se propose de montrer comment a émergé la spécialité archéologie dans l'univers très artistique de la restauration, et comment le développement de cette activité en discipline est Intimement lié à la politique Internationale de sauvegarde du patrimoine, qui prend toute son ampleur ...

The National Museum of Antiquities (MAN) was created at the instigation of Emperor Napoleon Ill in 1862. With the proposed creation of the museum has become the need to equip the workshops of molding and restoration. Abel Maître, a sculptor by training, is the first leader of workshop in the late 19th century. Indispensable part of the MAN, Il proved to be a !rue precursor of the restoration of archaeological objects as it conceives today. His successor, Benoit-Claude Champion, leads workshops throughout the first half of the 20th century and works to professionalize the discipline, at a time when the Issue of training for restorers is central to the debate. Through concrete example of MAN workshops, this research alms to show how archeology has emerged as a specialty in the highly artistic restoration, and how the development of this discipline is closely linked to International politics Heritage Preservation, which comes into its own after World war 1. ; Le musée des Antiquités nationales (MAN) a été créé sous l'impulsion de l'Empereur Napoléon III en 1862. Avec le projet de création du musée s'est imposée la nécessité de le doter d'ateliers de moulage et de restauration. Abel Maitre, sculpteur de formation, est le premier chef d'atelier de 1866 à la fin du 19e siècle. Rouage Indispensable du MAN, Il s'est avéré être un véritable précurseur de la restauration des objets archéologiques telle qu'on la conçoit de nos jours. Son successeur, Benoit-Claude Champion, dirige les ateliers durant toute la première moitié du 20e siècle et œuvre à la professionnalisation de cette discipline, à une période où la question de la formation des restaurateurs est au centre des débats. A travers l'exemple concret des ateliers du MAN, cette recherche se propose de montrer comment a émergé la spécialité archéologie dans l'univers très artistique de la restauration, et comment le développement de cette activité en discipline est Intimement lié à la politique Internationale de sauvegarde du patrimoine, qui prend toute son ampleur ...

The National Museum of Antiquities (MAN) was created at the instigation of Emperor Napoleon Ill in 1862. With the proposed creation of the museum has become the need to equip the workshops of molding and restoration. Abel Maître, a sculptor by training, is the first leader of workshop in the late 19th century. Indispensable part of the MAN, Il proved to be a !rue precursor of the restoration of archaeological objects as it conceives today. His successor, Benoit-Claude Champion, leads workshops throughout the first half of the 20th century and works to professionalize the discipline, at a time when the Issue of training for restorers is central to the debate. Through concrete example of MAN workshops, this research alms to show how archeology has emerged as a specialty in the highly artistic restoration, and how the development of this discipline is closely linked to International politics Heritage Preservation, which comes into its own after World war 1. ; Le musée des Antiquités nationales (MAN) a été créé sous l'impulsion de l'Empereur Napoléon III en 1862. Avec le projet de création du musée s'est imposée la nécessité de le doter d'ateliers de moulage et de restauration. Abel Maitre, sculpteur de formation, est le premier chef d'atelier de 1866 à la fin du 19e siècle. Rouage Indispensable du MAN, Il s'est avéré être un véritable précurseur de la restauration des objets archéologiques telle qu'on la conçoit de nos jours. Son successeur, Benoit-Claude Champion, dirige les ateliers durant toute la première moitié du 20e siècle et œuvre à la professionnalisation de cette discipline, à une période où la question de la formation des restaurateurs est au centre des débats. A travers l'exemple concret des ateliers du MAN, cette recherche se propose de montrer comment a émergé la spécialité archéologie dans l'univers très artistique de la restauration, et comment le développement de cette activité en discipline est Intimement lié à la politique Internationale de sauvegarde du patrimoine, qui prend toute son ampleur ...

The National Museum of Antiquities (MAN) was created at the instigation of Emperor Napoleon Ill in 1862. With the proposed creation of the museum has become the need to equip the workshops of molding and restoration. Abel Maître, a sculptor by training, is the first leader of workshop in the late 19th century. Indispensable part of the MAN, Il proved to be a !rue precursor of the restoration of archaeological objects as it conceives today. His successor, Benoit-Claude Champion, leads workshops throughout the first half of the 20th century and works to professionalize the discipline, at a time when the Issue of training for restorers is central to the debate. Through concrete example of MAN workshops, this research alms to show how archeology has emerged as a specialty in the highly artistic restoration, and how the development of this discipline is closely linked to International politics Heritage Preservation, which comes into its own after World war 1. ; Le musée des Antiquités nationales (MAN) a été créé sous l'impulsion de l'Empereur Napoléon III en 1862. Avec le projet de création du musée s'est imposée la nécessité de le doter d'ateliers de moulage et de restauration. Abel Maitre, sculpteur de formation, est le premier chef d'atelier de 1866 à la fin du 19e siècle. Rouage Indispensable du MAN, Il s'est avéré être un véritable précurseur de la restauration des objets archéologiques telle qu'on la conçoit de nos jours. Son successeur, Benoit-Claude Champion, dirige les ateliers durant toute la première moitié du 20e siècle et œuvre à la professionnalisation de cette discipline, à une période où la question de la formation des restaurateurs est au centre des débats. A travers l'exemple concret des ateliers du MAN, cette recherche se propose de montrer comment a émergé la spécialité archéologie dans l'univers très artistique de la restauration, et comment le développement de cette activité en discipline est Intimement lié à la politique Internationale de sauvegarde du patrimoine, qui prend toute son ampleur ...

The National Museum of Antiquities (MAN) was created at the instigation of Emperor Napoleon Ill in 1862. With the proposed creation of the museum has become the need to equip the workshops of molding and restoration. Abel Maître, a sculptor by training, is the first leader of workshop in the late 19th century. Indispensable part of the MAN, Il proved to be a !rue precursor of the restoration of archaeological objects as it conceives today. His successor, Benoit-Claude Champion, leads workshops throughout the first half of the 20th century and works to professionalize the discipline, at a time when the Issue of training for restorers is central to the debate. Through concrete example of MAN workshops, this research alms to show how archeology has emerged as a specialty in the highly artistic restoration, and how the development of this discipline is closely linked to International politics Heritage Preservation, which comes into its own after World war 1. ; Le musée des Antiquités nationales (MAN) a été créé sous l'impulsion de l'Empereur Napoléon III en 1862. Avec le projet de création du musée s'est imposée la nécessité de le doter d'ateliers de moulage et de restauration. Abel Maitre, sculpteur de formation, est le premier chef d'atelier de 1866 à la fin du 19e siècle. Rouage Indispensable du MAN, Il s'est avéré être un véritable précurseur de la restauration des objets archéologiques telle qu'on la conçoit de nos jours. Son successeur, Benoit-Claude Champion, dirige les ateliers durant toute la première moitié du 20e siècle et œuvre à la professionnalisation de cette discipline, à une période où la question de la formation des restaurateurs est au centre des débats. A travers l'exemple concret des ateliers du MAN, cette recherche se propose de montrer comment a émergé la spécialité archéologie dans l'univers très artistique de la restauration, et comment le développement de cette activité en discipline est Intimement lié à la politique Internationale de sauvegarde du patrimoine, qui prend toute son ampleur ...

The aim of this Phd work is to identify and characterize agropastoral rhythms and dynamics in the "Hautes-Chaumes du Forez". This theme is linked with the appreciation of socio-economic modalities of grazing as it has been practiced by mountain communities for the last 2000 years. Understanding how worked this activity and its environmental implication required a systemic and diachronic approach. Thereby, it was possible to link the issue of society-environment interactions with an archaeological approach of land use. The main purpose is to replace this information in a suitable historical and paleoecological framework in the way to highlight the major phases of lands use and anthropization. In this way, a multidisciplinary confrontation has been a prime factor in order to estimate the variability and the intensity of the socio-economic flows, themselves reflections of practices and policies fluctuating in time and space. Replaced in a global framework, these events reintegrate the "Haut Forez" in a regional dynamic where the mountain finds both its role and its legitimacy as an integrated margin. During Antiquity, the first real changes took place. Short-lived, however, this dynamic confirms new management methods that work for the integration of the Hautes-Chaumes into a complementarity circuit between plains and mountains. This dynamic is the main actor in the initiative of the palaeoenvironmental and economic changes which will follow one another until the dawn of the 19th century. ; Ce travail de thèse s'attache à identifier et à caractériser les rythmes et dynamiques agropastorales sur les Hautes-Chaumes du Forez. Cette thématique est liée à l'appréciation des modalités socio-économiques de l'estive telle qu'elle est pratiquée par les communautés montagnardes depuis 2000 ans. Appréhender les rouages de cette activité et son implication environnementale a nécessité de privilégier une approche systémique et diachronique. Par ce moyen, il a été possible d'intégrer la problématique des interactions sociétés-milieu à une approche purement archéologique de l'occupation du sol. L'objectif a été de replacer ces informations dans un cadre historique et paléoécologique adéquat afin de mettre en évidence les grandes phases de l'anthropisation des territoires. La confrontation pluridisciplinaire induite a constitué un facteur primordial pour estimer la variabilité et l'intensité des flux socio-économiques, reflets de pratiques et de politiques fluctuantes dans le temps et l'espace. Replacés dans une trame globale ces événements réintègrent le haut Forez dans une dynamique régionale où la montagne trouve à la fois son rôle et sa légitimité en tant que marge intégrée. Dès l'époque romaine, de premiers véritables changements interviennent. De courte durée, cette dynamique entérine toutefois des modalités de gestion nouvelles qui œuvrent à l'intégration des Hautes-Chaumes dans un circuit de complémentarité effectif entre plaines et montagne. Celle-ci constituera le principal acteur à l'initiative des changements paléoenvironnementaux et économiques qui se succéderont jusqu'à l'aube du XIXe siècle.

The aim of this Phd work is to identify and characterize agropastoral rhythms and dynamics in the "Hautes-Chaumes du Forez". This theme is linked with the appreciation of socio-economic modalities of grazing as it has been practiced by mountain communities for the last 2000 years. Understanding how worked this activity and its environmental implication required a systemic and diachronic approach. Thereby, it was possible to link the issue of society-environment interactions with an archaeological approach of land use. The main purpose is to replace this information in a suitable historical and paleoecological framework in the way to highlight the major phases of lands use and anthropization. In this way, a multidisciplinary confrontation has been a prime factor in order to estimate the variability and the intensity of the socio-economic flows, themselves reflections of practices and policies fluctuating in time and space. Replaced in a global framework, these events reintegrate the "Haut Forez" in a regional dynamic where the mountain finds both its role and its legitimacy as an integrated margin. During Antiquity, the first real changes took place. Short-lived, however, this dynamic confirms new management methods that work for the integration of the Hautes-Chaumes into a complementarity circuit between plains and mountains. This dynamic is the main actor in the initiative of the palaeoenvironmental and economic changes which will follow one another until the dawn of the 19th century. ; Ce travail de thèse s'attache à identifier et à caractériser les rythmes et dynamiques agropastorales sur les Hautes-Chaumes du Forez. Cette thématique est liée à l'appréciation des modalités socio-économiques de l'estive telle qu'elle est pratiquée par les communautés montagnardes depuis 2000 ans. Appréhender les rouages de cette activité et son implication environnementale a nécessité de privilégier une approche systémique et diachronique. Par ce moyen, il a été possible d'intégrer la problématique des interactions sociétés-milieu à une approche purement archéologique de l'occupation du sol. L'objectif a été de replacer ces informations dans un cadre historique et paléoécologique adéquat afin de mettre en évidence les grandes phases de l'anthropisation des territoires. La confrontation pluridisciplinaire induite a constitué un facteur primordial pour estimer la variabilité et l'intensité des flux socio-économiques, reflets de pratiques et de politiques fluctuantes dans le temps et l'espace. Replacés dans une trame globale ces événements réintègrent le haut Forez dans une dynamique régionale où la montagne trouve à la fois son rôle et sa légitimité en tant que marge intégrée. Dès l'époque romaine, de premiers véritables changements interviennent. De courte durée, cette dynamique entérine toutefois des modalités de gestion nouvelles qui œuvrent à l'intégration des Hautes-Chaumes dans un circuit de complémentarité effectif entre plaines et montagne. Celle-ci constituera le principal acteur à l'initiative des changements paléoenvironnementaux et économiques qui se succéderont jusqu'à l'aube du XIXe siècle.