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International audience ; Le dossier du quatrième numéro de Transposition. Musique et sciences sociales participe du développement de la réflexion sur les rapports entre les œuvres, les pratiques musicales et les conflits armés d'après 1945. Le choix chronologique se justifie par la relative absence de recherches en musicologie sur les conflits armés contemporains, en regard notamment de la richesse des travaux traitant par exemple des deux guerres mondiales.

The purpose of this study was to verify the hypothesis that there is an association between peritraumatic dissociation (PD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in individuals exposed to recurrent armed conflict. More specifically, we sought to evaluate whether PD differentially predicts PTSD according to the degree of exposure to the potentially traumatic event (PTE), the level of education, and gender. A total of 120 individuals between 17 and 75 years of age, including 51 women, completed the Traumatic Events List, the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire, and the French version of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Scale, as well as a questionnaire providing information regarding sociodemographic details. The group of participants with high scores for PD had significantly more PTSD. PD differentially predicts PTSD depending on the level of education and gender of the individual. Those who had been physically assaulted and raped, as well as the less educated, were more likely to be dissociated during PTE· exposure compared to witnesses and those with a higher level of education. The primary target population for prevention and early management should comprise individuals with high levels of PD, low levels of education, and women. ; SCOPUS: ar.j ; info:eu-repo/semantics/published

This paper examines the effect of conflict on agricultural value added, using the example of the conflict in the Anglophone and Northern regions of Cameroon. The authors examine this relationship using data from FAO (FAOSTAT, 2022) and the World Bank (WDI, 2022) for the period 2000 to 2022. The econometric results show that the conflict variable, whose impact is the purpose of this exercise, has a negative sign and is statistically significant at the 1% level. The coefficient indicates that the years of conflict lead to a negative variation in agricultural production of sixteen percentage points, corresponding to a total estimated loss of nearly 4615 billion CFA francs over the eight years of conflict (2014-2022), or an average of 576.9 billion CFA francs per year. If conflict is a fundamental cause of the decline in agricultural value-added in Cameroon, then policies aimed at defusing and preventing conflict and promoting peace are an essential means of agricultural recovery, improving food security, and reducing rural poverty in Cameroon.

In recent years, governments have increasingly detained children for suspected association with non-state armed groups, particularly in conflicts involving violent extremist groups. Between 2012 and 2017, the United Nations recorded a five-fold increase in the detention of children in armed conflict.1 At any given time, thousands of children are imprisoned for suspected association with armed groups, often without charge and in inhuman and degrading conditions. ; Ces dernières années, les gouvernements ont de plus en plus souvent détenu des enfants pour association présumée avec des groupes armés non étatiques, en particulier dans les conflits impliquant des groupes extrémistes violents. Entre 2012 et 2017, les Nations Unies ont enregistrées une multiplication par cinq du nombre de détentions d'enfants dans les conflits armés.1 À tout moment, des milliers d'enfants sont emprisonnés pour association présumée avec des groupes armés, souvent sans inculpation et dans des conditions inhumaines et dégradantes.

International audience ; Despite the horror caused by war, some armed conflicts of the twentieth century have raised great hopes for social justice among Marxist artists engaged in the international political struggles of their time. Such was the case of the Italian composer Luigi Nono (1924-1990). In this article, I examine how Nono addresses some of these armed conflicts, such as Third World liberation struggles, through his work for magnetic tape Für Paul Dessau (1974). I also analyse the relationship between the composer's use of technology, his political thinking and the historical and aesthetic dimensions of this work – especially within the context of the Cold War and the Marxist ideology. More broadly, this paper aims at contributing to the understanding of Marxism as advocated by Luigi Nono, as an intellectual and an activist artist in the Italian Communist Party (PCI), so as to see how it is articulated with his aesthetics and compositional practice. ; Au-delà de l'horreur que provoque la guerre en elle-même, certains conflits armés du XXe siècle ont suscité un grand espoir chez des artistes marxistes engagés dans les luttes politiques internationales de leur époque. Ce fut notamment le cas du compositeur italien Luigi Nono (1924-1990). Je propose d'examiner dans cet article de quelle façon Nono place certains des conflits armés, dont les luttes d'émancipation du tiers-monde, au cœur de son œuvre pour bande magnétique Für Paul Dessau (1974). De même, j'analyse la relation entre l'utilisation de la technologie par le compositeur, la pensée politique de ce dernier et les dimensions historique et esthétique de l'œuvre – notamment dans le contexte de la Guerre froide et de l'idéologie marxiste. Plus largement, l'ambition de ce texte est de contribuer à la compréhension et à la mise en perspective du marxisme défendu par Luigi Nono en tant qu'intellectuel et artiste militant au Parti Communiste Italien (PCI), dans son articulation avec ses idées esthétiques et son activité de compositeur.

Since some decades, Africa is «the most destabilized strategic area of the plane. » the issue of armed conflicts represent a real «African puzzle» as well for local actors as international ones who are involve in, with its internal characteristic contrast with the transnational consequences which result from.How to get out of this chronically in security and the civil war which permanently watch out behind curtain in order to reach sustainable development and stability in order to better limit numerous violations of human rights done in that fact?Some approaches of solution are numerous, going from military solution less respecting human lives, to the negociated solutions which call for the human genius and his intelligent, anxious to preserve human gender by «imaging» or by « inventing» Compromises signed in agreements, essentially political. Its then, precisely that African issue translated by an updated heading: agreements in the resolution of internal armed conflits in Africa. »The analysis considered in the present study will expose the conclusion of political agreements by insisting distinctly on political environment, their formation as well on the legal framework which characterizes them, on one hand. On the other hand, it seems important to examine the application of those agreements by analyzing in details the agenda in which they evoluate in order to draw up scientifically the balance sheet of the objective in order to assess the affectivity of their implementation and their effectiveness in domain of human rights protection. ; L'Afrique est, depuis quelques décennies, « la zone stratégique la plus déstabilisée de la planète ». La question des conflits armés constitue un véritable « casse-tête africain » aussi bien pour les acteurs locaux qu'internationaux qui s'y intéressent en ce que son caractère interne contraste avec les conséquences transnationales qui en résultent.Comment sortir de cette insécurité chronique et de la guerre civile qui guette en permanence derrière le rideau et parvenir à une ...

Since some decades, Africa is «the most destabilized strategic area of the plane. » the issue of armed conflicts represent a real «African puzzle» as well for local actors as international ones who are involve in, with its internal characteristic contrast with the transnational consequences which result from.How to get out of this chronically in security and the civil war which permanently watch out behind curtain in order to reach sustainable development and stability in order to better limit numerous violations of human rights done in that fact?Some approaches of solution are numerous, going from military solution less respecting human lives, to the negociated solutions which call for the human genius and his intelligent, anxious to preserve human gender by «imaging» or by « inventing» Compromises signed in agreements, essentially political. Its then, precisely that African issue translated by an updated heading: agreements in the resolution of internal armed conflits in Africa. »The analysis considered in the present study will expose the conclusion of political agreements by insisting distinctly on political environment, their formation as well on the legal framework which characterizes them, on one hand. On the other hand, it seems important to examine the application of those agreements by analyzing in details the agenda in which they evoluate in order to draw up scientifically the balance sheet of the objective in order to assess the affectivity of their implementation and their effectiveness in domain of human rights protection. ; L'Afrique est, depuis quelques décennies, « la zone stratégique la plus déstabilisée de la planète ». La question des conflits armés constitue un véritable « casse-tête africain » aussi bien pour les acteurs locaux qu'internationaux qui s'y intéressent en ce que son caractère interne contraste avec les conséquences transnationales qui en résultent.Comment sortir de cette insécurité chronique et de la guerre civile qui guette en permanence derrière le rideau et parvenir à une ...