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Assyriology; Mesopotamia; Ancient Near East

Assyriology; Mesopotamia; Ancient Near East

Eight disputations on precedence have been preserved from Ancient Mesopotamia. In these texts, two opposing understandings of everyday life engage in a verbal argument. The works served at one time to teach oratorical competency to individuals receiving advanced literacy training. This volume examines the argumentation structure of the dialogues, thereby contributing to research on oratorical practice in the Ancient Middle East.

Tempelprostitution scheint in der antiken Welt ein allgegenwärtiges Phänomen zu sein. Ob in Griechenland oder in Italien, in Kleinasien, Ägypten, Persien oder Indien - überall hat die Forschung Hinweise auf die Existenz einer solchen Einrichtung finden wollen. Ein erneutes Studium der Quellen und ein transkultureller Vergleich wecken jedoch Zweifel und lenken den Blick auf die methodische Komplexität des Themas. Der vorliegende Band präsentiert die Erträge der 2007 in Oldenburg abgehaltenen interdisziplinären Konferenz "Tempelprostitution zwischen griechischer Kultur und Vorderem Orient". Die Beiträge stellen jeweils Quellenlage, Forschungsstand und neueste Erkenntnisse zum Thema aus dem Blickwinkel der jeweiligen Fachkultur vor. Beteiligt sind Assyriologie, Ägyptologie, Iranistik, Indologie und Theologie sowie die verschiedenen althistorischen und altphilologischen Teilbereiche. Die deutsch- und englischsprachigen Studien durchmessen dabei die antike Welt zeitlich und räumlich auf der Suche nach den tatsächlichen und vermeintlichen Spuren für "heilige Prostitution". Entsprechend reichen die Themen vom Alten Orient und Persien über Israel und Ägypten bis in den griechisch-römischen Bereich - von den frühesten Schriftkulturen bis in die Spätantike. Ein Beitrag zur wirkungsmächtigen indischen Tempelprostitution rundet das Gesamtbild ab.

This article discusses the relationship between German and Scandinavian orientalists during the era of National Socialism. To begin with, the author examines the ideological and political interests that served to uphold oriental research in Nazi Germany. The article then continues with an inquiry into why Nazi German authorities were especially keen to maintain scientific relationships with Scandinavian orientalists during World War II. Traditionally, Scandinavian orientalists, many of whom had studied at German universities, tended to feel strongly connected with German Academia. Hence, the second part of the article considers the main reasons for the shift in attitude of Scandinavian scholars to Germany and underlines the turning points in the relationship, which, in most cases, led to an alienation from Germany and their German colleagues. In the third and last part of the article, the author looks into the impact of the National Socialistic era on the scientific orientation of Scandinavian orientalists after World War II. With regard to the international leading role of Scandinavian Assyriology, particular attention will be paid to the history of this sub-discipline. As far as research perspectives are concerned, the article not only suggests future research topics on the global history of oriental studies but also encourages comprehensive research on the history of Scandinavian universities in the shadow of the Third Reich. ; Peer reviewed

Intro -- Inhalt -- Vorwort -- Lehmann: Friedrich Delitzsch im Ausklang des langen 19. Jahrhunderts -- Arnold: A Centennial Review of Die Große Täuschung. Friedrich Delitzsch's Final Reflections on the Babel-Bibel Controversy -- Neumann: Die Berliner Keilschriftforschung im ausgehenden 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert im Spannungsfeld von Wissenschaft und Politik -- Smend: Der Vater: Franz Delitzsch (1813-1890). Bibelforscher und Judenmissionar -- Markschies: Der Kaiser als Hobbywissenschaftler. Wilhelm II. - Frömmigkeit - Kommunikation - Wissenschaftspolitik -- Mangold-Will: Kaiser Wilhelm II. und der Babel-Bibel-Streit. Wissenschaft, Offenbarung, Antisemitismus und die Legitimation des Monarchen -- Matthes: "Also strecken wir immer wieder unsere Flügel aus!" Juden als Förderer altorientalischer Wissenschaften in Deutschland -- Puschner: Babel, Bibel und die Völkischen -- Hiepel: Der Jesuit, Astronom und Assyriologe Franz Xaver Kugler (1862-1929). Sein Leben, Werk und Denken in der Zeit des Babel-Bibel-Streits und des Panbabylonismus -- Kratz: Die babylonische Gola: Wiege des Judentums? -- Liwak: Der sogenannte Sündenfall-Zylinder. Ein Beispiel für theologische und religionsgeschichtliche Einfalt -- Treß: Gesetz, Gnade und Ahndung. Das Alte Testament im Widerstreit zwischen akademischem Antijudaismus und Wissenschaft des Judentums -- Schipper: "Auf das literarkritische ist das vorderorientalische Zeitalter gefolgt." Hugo Greßmann, die "Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft" und der Babel-Bibel-Streit -- Shavit: The Paradoxical After-life of the Babel-Bible Controversy -- Cholidis et al.: Der Babel-Bibel-Streit: Politik, Theologie und Wissenschaft um 1900. Eine Sonderausstellung des Vorderasiatischen Museums im Pergamonmuseum -- Bildnachweise -- Abkürzungsverzeichnis -- Bibliographie -- Register.

International audience ; Assyriology covers disciplines that concern the study of the ancient Near East, and more specifically the period and the geographic area defined by the use of cuneiform writing. Archaeologists, historians and art historians who conduct research in this field work in countries at war or in countries that do not respect the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. They are confronted with situations that affect their daily work. To better understand these situations, it is essential to understand the recent history of these countries, the role played by Western researchers in the rediscovery of antiquity, and the relationship of local politicians and populations to their past. In 2003, Assyriologists created the International Association for Assyriology to better address the situation in the Near East, and since 2014, they have reacted through official statements, before reflecting on the ethical behaviour of researchers. This concerns respect for the laws of the countries under study, cooperation with local scientists, the training of future generations and the well-being of the workforce employed on archaeological excavation sites. It concerns the means to be implemented for the safeguarding and restoration of cultural heritage, without cooperating with dictatorial regimes. Finally, the ethical behaviour of the researcher depends on the transmission of knowledge to the public, and in particular information to potential buyers about the danger of contributing to the trafficking of antiquities. ; Proche-Orient antique, et plus spécifiquement sur la période et la zone géographique définies par l'usage de l'écriture cunéiforme. Les archéologues, historiens et historiens de l'art qui mènent des recherches dans ce domaine, travaillent dans des pays en guerre ou des pays qui ne respectent pas la Déclaration universelle des droits de l'homme. Ils sont confrontés à des situations qui affectent leur travail au quotidien. Pour mieux appréhender les situations, il est indispensable de maîtriser ...

International audience ; Assyriology covers disciplines that concern the study of the ancient Near East, and more specifically the period and the geographic area defined by the use of cuneiform writing. Archaeologists, historians and art historians who conduct research in this field work in countries at war or in countries that do not respect the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. They are confronted with situations that affect their daily work. To better understand these situations, it is essential to understand the recent history of these countries, the role played by Western researchers in the rediscovery of antiquity, and the relationship of local politicians and populations to their past. In 2003, Assyriologists created the International Association for Assyriology to better address the situation in the Near East, and since 2014, they have reacted through official statements, before reflecting on the ethical behaviour of researchers. This concerns respect for the laws of the countries under study, cooperation with local scientists, the training of future generations and the well-being of the workforce employed on archaeological excavation sites. It concerns the means to be implemented for the safeguarding and restoration of cultural heritage, without cooperating with dictatorial regimes. Finally, the ethical behaviour of the researcher depends on the transmission of knowledge to the public, and in particular information to potential buyers about the danger of contributing to the trafficking of antiquities. ; Proche-Orient antique, et plus spécifiquement sur la période et la zone géographique définies par l'usage de l'écriture cunéiforme. Les archéologues, historiens et historiens de l'art qui mènent des recherches dans ce domaine, travaillent dans des pays en guerre ou des pays qui ne respectent pas la Déclaration universelle des droits de l'homme. Ils sont confrontés à des situations qui affectent leur travail au quotidien. Pour mieux appréhender les situations, il est indispensable de maîtriser ...

International audience ; Assyriology covers disciplines that concern the study of the ancient Near East, and more specifically the period and the geographic area defined by the use of cuneiform writing. Archaeologists, historians and art historians who conduct research in this field work in countries at war or in countries that do not respect the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. They are confronted with situations that affect their daily work. To better understand these situations, it is essential to understand the recent history of these countries, the role played by Western researchers in the rediscovery of antiquity, and the relationship of local politicians and populations to their past. In 2003, Assyriologists created the International Association for Assyriology to better address the situation in the Near East, and since 2014, they have reacted through official statements, before reflecting on the ethical behaviour of researchers. This concerns respect for the laws of the countries under study, cooperation with local scientists, the training of future generations and the well-being of the workforce employed on archaeological excavation sites. It concerns the means to be implemented for the safeguarding and restoration of cultural heritage, without cooperating with dictatorial regimes. Finally, the ethical behaviour of the researcher depends on the transmission of knowledge to the public, and in particular information to potential buyers about the danger of contributing to the trafficking of antiquities. ; Proche-Orient antique, et plus spécifiquement sur la période et la zone géographique définies par l'usage de l'écriture cunéiforme. Les archéologues, historiens et historiens de l'art qui mènent des recherches dans ce domaine, travaillent dans des pays en guerre ou des pays qui ne respectent pas la Déclaration universelle des droits de l'homme. Ils sont confrontés à des situations qui affectent leur travail au quotidien. Pour mieux appréhender les situations, il est indispensable de maîtriser ...

International audience ; Assyriology covers disciplines that concern the study of the ancient Near East, and more specifically the period and the geographic area defined by the use of cuneiform writing. Archaeologists, historians and art historians who conduct research in this field work in countries at war or in countries that do not respect the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. They are confronted with situations that affect their daily work. To better understand these situations, it is essential to understand the recent history of these countries, the role played by Western researchers in the rediscovery of antiquity, and the relationship of local politicians and populations to their past. In 2003, Assyriologists created the International Association for Assyriology to better address the situation in the Near East, and since 2014, they have reacted through official statements, before reflecting on the ethical behaviour of researchers. This concerns respect for the laws of the countries under study, cooperation with local scientists, the training of future generations and the well-being of the workforce employed on archaeological excavation sites. It concerns the means to be implemented for the safeguarding and restoration of cultural heritage, without cooperating with dictatorial regimes. Finally, the ethical behaviour of the researcher depends on the transmission of knowledge to the public, and in particular information to potential buyers about the danger of contributing to the trafficking of antiquities. ; Proche-Orient antique, et plus spécifiquement sur la période et la zone géographique définies par l'usage de l'écriture cunéiforme. Les archéologues, historiens et historiens de l'art qui mènent des recherches dans ce domaine, travaillent dans des pays en guerre ou des pays qui ne respectent pas la Déclaration universelle des droits de l'homme. Ils sont confrontés à des situations qui affectent leur travail au quotidien. Pour mieux appréhender les situations, il est indispensable de maîtriser ...

Assyriology covers disciplines that concern the study of the ancient Near East, and more specifically the period and the geographic area defined by the use of cuneiform writing. Archaeologists, historians and art historians who conduct research in this field work in countries at war or in countries that do not respect the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. They are confronted with situations that affect their daily work. To better understand these situations, it is essential to understand the recent history of these countries, the role played by Western researchers in the rediscovery of antiquity, and the relationship of local politicians and populations to their past. In 2003, Assyriologists created the International Association for Assyriology to better address the situation in the Near East, and since 2014, they have reacted through official statements, before reflecting on the ethical behaviour of researchers. This concerns respect for the laws of the countries under study, cooperation with local scientists, the training of future generations and the well-being of the workforce employed on archaeological excavation sites. It concerns the means to be implemented for the safeguarding and restoration of cultural heritage, without cooperating with dictatorial regimes. Finally, the ethical behaviour of the researcher depends on the transmission of knowledge to the public, and in particular information to potential buyers about the danger of contributing to the trafficking of antiquities. ; L'assyriologie recouvre les disciplines qui portent sur l'étude du Proche-Orient antique, et plus spécifiquement sur la période et la zone géographique définies par l'usage de l'écriture cunéiforme. Les archéologues, historiens et historiens de l'art qui mènent des recherches dans ce domaine, travaillent dans des pays en guerre ou des pays qui ne respectent pas la Déclaration universelle des droits de l'homme. Ils sont confrontés à des situations qui affectent leur travail au quotidien. Pour mieux appréhender les situations, il est indispensable de maîtriser l'histoire récente de ces pays, le rôle qu'y ont joué les chercheurs occidentaux dans la redécouverte de l'antiquité, et la relation des politiques et des populations locales vis-à-vis de leur passé. En 2003, les assyriologues ont créé l'International Association for Assyriology pour mieux faire face à la situation au Proche-Orient, et depuis 2014, ils ont réagi par le biais de déclarations officielles, avant de mener une réflexion sur le comportement éthique des chercheurs. Celui-ci porte sur le respect des lois des pays objets d'étude, la coopération avec les scientifiques locaux, la formation des futures générations et le bien-être de la main-d'œuvre employée sur les chantiers de fouilles archéologiques. Il concerne les moyens à mettre en œuvre pour la sauvegarde et la restauration du patrimoine culturel, sans pour autant se compromettre avec des régimes dictatoriaux. Enfin, le comportement éthique du chercheur passe par la transmission du savoir vers le public, et en particulier l'information à destination des acheteurs potentiels du danger de contribuer au trafic des antiquités. Depuis 2003, les assyriologues se sont organisés en une association internationale pour mieux faire face à la situation au Proche-Orient, et depuis 2014, ils ont réagi par le biais de déclarations officielles et multilingues, avant de mener une vaste réflexion sur le comportement éthique des chercheurs. Celui-ci porte sur le respect des lois des pays objets d'étude, la coopération avec les scientifiques locaux et l'échange de données, la formation des futures générations et le bien-être de la main-d'œuvre employée sur les chantiers de fouilles archéologiques. Il concerne également les efforts et moyens à mettre en œuvre pour la sauvegarde et la restauration du patrimoine culturel, sans pour autant se compromettre avec des régimes dictatoriaux ou des groupes belligérants. Enfin, le comportement éthique du chercheur passe par la transmission du savoir vers le public, et en particulier l'information à destination des acheteurs potentiels du danger de contribuer au trafic des antiquités.

Drawing on 30 years of scholarship, this is a unique, richly illustrated history of the Ancient Assyrian Army and Empire. For the greater part of the period from the end of the 10th century to the 7th century BC, the Ancient Near East was dominated by the dynamic military power of Assyria. This book examines the empire that is now acknowledged as the first `world' empire, and thus progenitor of all others. Fully illustrated in colour throughout, with photographs of artefacts, drawings and maps, it focuses on the Assyrian Army, the instrument that secured such immense conquests, now regarded by historians as being the most effective of pre-classical times. It was not only responsible for the creation of history's first independent cavalry arm, but also for the development of siege weapons later used by both Greece and Rome. There is a great deal of visual evidence showing how this army evolved over three centuries. During the rediscovery and excavation of the Assyrian civilisation in the mid-19th century, many wall reliefs and artefacts were recovered, and the enormous amount of research carried out by Assyriologists since that time has revealed the immense impact of the Assyrian Empire on history. Such has been the scale of archaeological discovery in more recent years that it is now possible to give the actual names of chariot/cavalry unit commanders. Drawing on this rich scholarship, and utilising the fantastic collections of museums around the world, Mark Healy presents a unique new history of this fascinating army and empire.