Suchergebnisse

From a historical perspective, it is important to note that Australia's foreign policy, as an autonomous and independent from the United Kingdom, began to take shape quite late. It was the Second World War when the weakening Great Britain remained unable to maintain the colonial government in many of its colonies and overseas territories. Australia used this situation to seek closer relations with the United States. Since the formation of the country's foreign policy beginning in Australia's foreign policy a U.S made the major impact. It is emphasized that Australia's foreign policy not only could not be seen without the U.S., but the country would mean the loss of Australia's main strategic partner and key defensive capacity. On the other hand, the U.S. is actively engaged, Australia to turn their satellite. De facto this country can be called the ambassador of the U.S. in Southeast Asia and Oceania. While Australia can be considered one of the region's leaders, however, Australia is a country characterized by an inferiority complex. This circumstance complicates the spread of its influence in the region and aims to become a strong "Medium Power". Australia's interest in the region cannot be denied, however, has seen its capacity levels to those of the world, which not only does not affect the development of the country, and provide questionable benefits to the Australian policies. It is noted that Australia since the start of cooperation with the United States actively participates in all of the U.S. wars. So we can predict that the next step would be to complete the Australian military's entrance into the U.S. armed forces, then the transfer of powers to the foreign policy of the Washington administration. It should be noted that such a step in Canberra is likely if it would be a real threat. Australia, through its humble U.S. policy and at the same time to the region's power in Asia and Oceania, has recently faced with the Chinese ambition to become a regional hegemony. While in China this step seems perfectly logical, but for Canberra administration, this situation is worrying. For this reason, Australian and the U.S. administrations in the near future may become even more intense, and Canberra may seek greater U.S. military presence in increasing the number of its territory. Subject of research was selected - "Forreign Policy of Australia: Development and Pecularity". The paper presents the foreign policy development, analyzed the problems of foreign policy in the region and globally. The paper aims to reveal the Australian foreign policy in the region's stability and its development. Seen not only in the past and the present, but also reveals the possible scenarios for the region. Australia's foreign policy can be identified as having specific characteristics and thus stands apart from other large and medium-sized countries. Adapting to the current situation it is actively reconfiguring its ongoing foreign policy. Australia's foreign policy is still making its development, and this formation already takes more than 40 years. This unique phenomenon is unique to Australian politics. Revealed the importance of Australia's foreign policy is its desire to dominate the Southern Hemisphere, South Africa, and East Asia. It should be noted that the twenty-first century. Australia's foreign policy focuses on one region - South-East Asia. Party is important to maintain peace and stability in Southeast Asia, because the region is important for Australia of their economic potential, and energy resources.

From a historical perspective, it is important to note that Australia's foreign policy, as an autonomous and independent from the United Kingdom, began to take shape quite late. It was the Second World War when the weakening Great Britain remained unable to maintain the colonial government in many of its colonies and overseas territories. Australia used this situation to seek closer relations with the United States. Since the formation of the country's foreign policy beginning in Australia's foreign policy a U.S made the major impact. It is emphasized that Australia's foreign policy not only could not be seen without the U.S., but the country would mean the loss of Australia's main strategic partner and key defensive capacity. On the other hand, the U.S. is actively engaged, Australia to turn their satellite. De facto this country can be called the ambassador of the U.S. in Southeast Asia and Oceania. While Australia can be considered one of the region's leaders, however, Australia is a country characterized by an inferiority complex. This circumstance complicates the spread of its influence in the region and aims to become a strong "Medium Power". Australia's interest in the region cannot be denied, however, has seen its capacity levels to those of the world, which not only does not affect the development of the country, and provide questionable benefits to the Australian policies. It is noted that Australia since the start of cooperation with the United States actively participates in all of the U.S. wars. So we can predict that the next step would be to complete the Australian military's entrance into the U.S. armed forces, then the transfer of powers to the foreign policy of the Washington administration. It should be noted that such a step in Canberra is likely if it would be a real threat. Australia, through its humble U.S. policy and at the same time to the region's power in Asia and Oceania, has recently faced with the Chinese ambition to become a regional hegemony. While in China this step seems perfectly logical, but for Canberra administration, this situation is worrying. For this reason, Australian and the U.S. administrations in the near future may become even more intense, and Canberra may seek greater U.S. military presence in increasing the number of its territory. Subject of research was selected - "Forreign Policy of Australia: Development and Pecularity". The paper presents the foreign policy development, analyzed the problems of foreign policy in the region and globally. The paper aims to reveal the Australian foreign policy in the region's stability and its development. Seen not only in the past and the present, but also reveals the possible scenarios for the region. Australia's foreign policy can be identified as having specific characteristics and thus stands apart from other large and medium-sized countries. Adapting to the current situation it is actively reconfiguring its ongoing foreign policy. Australia's foreign policy is still making its development, and this formation already takes more than 40 years. This unique phenomenon is unique to Australian politics. Revealed the importance of Australia's foreign policy is its desire to dominate the Southern Hemisphere, South Africa, and East Asia. It should be noted that the twenty-first century. Australia's foreign policy focuses on one region - South-East Asia. Party is important to maintain peace and stability in Southeast Asia, because the region is important for Australia of their economic potential, and energy resources.

From a historical perspective, it is important to note that Australia's foreign policy, as an autonomous and independent from the United Kingdom, began to take shape quite late. It was the Second World War when the weakening Great Britain remained unable to maintain the colonial government in many of its colonies and overseas territories. Australia used this situation to seek closer relations with the United States. Since the formation of the country's foreign policy beginning in Australia's foreign policy a U.S made the major impact. It is emphasized that Australia's foreign policy not only could not be seen without the U.S., but the country would mean the loss of Australia's main strategic partner and key defensive capacity. On the other hand, the U.S. is actively engaged, Australia to turn their satellite. De facto this country can be called the ambassador of the U.S. in Southeast Asia and Oceania. While Australia can be considered one of the region's leaders, however, Australia is a country characterized by an inferiority complex. This circumstance complicates the spread of its influence in the region and aims to become a strong "Medium Power". Australia's interest in the region cannot be denied, however, has seen its capacity levels to those of the world, which not only does not affect the development of the country, and provide questionable benefits to the Australian policies. It is noted that Australia since the start of cooperation with the United States actively participates in all of the U.S. wars. So we can predict that the next step would be to complete the Australian military's entrance into the U.S. armed forces, then the transfer of powers to the foreign policy of the Washington administration. It should be noted that such a step in Canberra is likely if it would be a real threat. Australia, through its humble U.S. policy and at the same time to the region's power in Asia and Oceania, has recently faced with the Chinese ambition to become a regional hegemony. While in China this step seems perfectly logical, but for Canberra administration, this situation is worrying. For this reason, Australian and the U.S. administrations in the near future may become even more intense, and Canberra may seek greater U.S. military presence in increasing the number of its territory. Subject of research was selected - "Forreign Policy of Australia: Development and Pecularity". The paper presents the foreign policy development, analyzed the problems of foreign policy in the region and globally. The paper aims to reveal the Australian foreign policy in the region's stability and its development. Seen not only in the past and the present, but also reveals the possible scenarios for the region. Australia's foreign policy can be identified as having specific characteristics and thus stands apart from other large and medium-sized countries. Adapting to the current situation it is actively reconfiguring its ongoing foreign policy. Australia's foreign policy is still making its development, and this formation already takes more than 40 years. This unique phenomenon is unique to Australian politics. Revealed the importance of Australia's foreign policy is its desire to dominate the Southern Hemisphere, South Africa, and East Asia. It should be noted that the twenty-first century. Australia's foreign policy focuses on one region - South-East Asia. Party is important to maintain peace and stability in Southeast Asia, because the region is important for Australia of their economic potential, and energy resources.

The Zapatista movement is one of the most influential social movements in Latin America, which among other things raised the issue of the indigenous rights. The aim of the research is to analyse the impact of the Zapatista movement in the area of securing the rights of indigenous people within the Mexican political process. The dissertation takes the case study approach. Also comparative method, scientific literature analysis, document analysis, quantitative and qualitative media content analysis, and secondary data analysis is used in the research. The research shows that the process of recognizing the rights of indigenous peoples in Mexico was largely influenced by the demands of the Zapatista movement. Indigenous peoples appeared in the discourse of political elite, they were included into Mexico's national development plans and political party manifestos. It can be argued that since early 1990s the process of recognizing the rights of indigenous peoples in Mexico has had five dimensions: political recognition, policy agenda, policy response, implementation and institutionalization. Nevertheless, not every demand put forward by the Zapatista movement has been realized. The right to self-determination as well as the right to land and its resources still remain unresolved. It can be therefore stated that the Zapatista movement was very influential with regard to raising the issue of the rights of indigenous peoples, however not all of movement's demands were met.

The Zapatista movement is one of the most influential social movements in Latin America, which among other things raised the issue of the indigenous rights. The aim of the research is to analyse the impact of the Zapatista movement in the area of securing the rights of indigenous people within the Mexican political process. The dissertation takes the case study approach. Also comparative method, scientific literature analysis, document analysis, quantitative and qualitative media content analysis, and secondary data analysis is used in the research. The research shows that the process of recognizing the rights of indigenous peoples in Mexico was largely influenced by the demands of the Zapatista movement. Indigenous peoples appeared in the discourse of political elite, they were included into Mexico's national development plans and political party manifestos. It can be argued that since early 1990s the process of recognizing the rights of indigenous peoples in Mexico has had five dimensions: political recognition, policy agenda, policy response, implementation and institutionalization. Nevertheless, not every demand put forward by the Zapatista movement has been realized. The right to self-determination as well as the right to land and its resources still remain unresolved. It can be therefore stated that the Zapatista movement was very influential with regard to raising the issue of the rights of indigenous peoples, however not all of movement's demands were met.

The Zapatista movement is one of the most influential social movements in Latin America, which among other things raised the issue of the indigenous rights. The aim of the research is to analyse the impact of the Zapatista movement in the area of securing the rights of indigenous people within the Mexican political process. The dissertation takes the case study approach. Also comparative method, scientific literature analysis, document analysis, quantitative and qualitative media content analysis, and secondary data analysis is used in the research. The research shows that the process of recognizing the rights of indigenous peoples in Mexico was largely influenced by the demands of the Zapatista movement. Indigenous peoples appeared in the discourse of political elite, they were included into Mexico's national development plans and political party manifestos. It can be argued that since early 1990s the process of recognizing the rights of indigenous peoples in Mexico has had five dimensions: political recognition, policy agenda, policy response, implementation and institutionalization. Nevertheless, not every demand put forward by the Zapatista movement has been realized. The right to self-determination as well as the right to land and its resources still remain unresolved. It can be therefore stated that the Zapatista movement was very influential with regard to raising the issue of the rights of indigenous peoples, however not all of movement's demands were met.

The selected articles introduce students with the concept and principals of the cultural policy. The course will provide analysis and assessment of the cultural policy of Lithuania and peculiarities of cultural policies of European countries. The practical part will introduce the regulatory framework of the Lithuania's cultural policy, analyse several typical cases of cultural heritage preservation and organisation and management of modern cultural processes.

The selected articles introduce students with the concept and principals of the cultural policy. The course will provide analysis and assessment of the cultural policy of Lithuania and peculiarities of cultural policies of European countries. The practical part will introduce the regulatory framework of the Lithuania's cultural policy, analyse several typical cases of cultural heritage preservation and organisation and management of modern cultural processes.

The selected articles introduce students with the concept and principals of the cultural policy. The course will provide analysis and assessment of the cultural policy of Lithuania and peculiarities of cultural policies of European countries. The practical part will introduce the regulatory framework of the Lithuania's cultural policy, analyse several typical cases of cultural heritage preservation and organisation and management of modern cultural processes.

This study is about one of the most serious problems in Lithuania — reduction of huge alcohol consumption and related consequenses in Lithuania's civil society. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to analyze the problematic implementation of alcohol control policy in Lithuania in accordance with the perspective of evidence-based policy. The public policy to be effective, it's very important to use knowledge based on researches, so in the first and the second chapter this evidence-based perspective is analyzed, respectively, to examine its general importance to public policy itself and to alcohol control policy. This analysis is based on the studies of Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian scientists, because in these countries researches in public policy is used broadly, including alcohol control policy, emphasizing on the use of evidence to be very important in understanding the political environment and its changes, an adequate understanding of the problematic situation, the right choice, and the best practices of that policy, which all determine effective outcomes of that policy. According to Lithuanian legislation and the analyses of the studies, in the third chapter it is examining the system of alcohol control policy in Lithuania, to seek evaluate the problems, which occur in adopting evidence-based alcohol policy to Lithuania's alcohol control policy. As it turned out, in Lithuania, the development of alcohol control policy infrastructure is adequately formulated (for example alcohol control policy and implementation is regulated by the law), however such policy measures, in terms of physical availability of alcohol, developed without scientific recommendations. This is mainly due to the problems with alcohol industry, which plays an important role by promoting the liberalization of alcohol policy, and many Lithuanian politicians, who do not care about drinking problems. As the scientific evidence, these problems can be successfully overcome by society to be an effective partner to fight for stricter alcohol control policy. In the fourth chapter, in accordance with the qualitative research "Alcohol control policy promotion of effectiveness in Lithuania: the role of National tobacco and alcohol control coalition (NTAKK) in alcohol control policy", it is examining one of the most important Lithuanian NGO in forming Lithuania's alcohol control policy to be based on the scientific researches and its recommendations. As shown by the results, NTAKK effective actions in lobbying, active mobilization of society made significant contribution to stricter alcohol control policy development in Lithuania, while its active pressure on the politicians, through public lets talk about the joy of evidence-based alcohol policy in Lithuania in the future.

This study is about one of the most serious problems in Lithuania — reduction of huge alcohol consumption and related consequenses in Lithuania's civil society. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to analyze the problematic implementation of alcohol control policy in Lithuania in accordance with the perspective of evidence-based policy. The public policy to be effective, it's very important to use knowledge based on researches, so in the first and the second chapter this evidence-based perspective is analyzed, respectively, to examine its general importance to public policy itself and to alcohol control policy. This analysis is based on the studies of Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian scientists, because in these countries researches in public policy is used broadly, including alcohol control policy, emphasizing on the use of evidence to be very important in understanding the political environment and its changes, an adequate understanding of the problematic situation, the right choice, and the best practices of that policy, which all determine effective outcomes of that policy. According to Lithuanian legislation and the analyses of the studies, in the third chapter it is examining the system of alcohol control policy in Lithuania, to seek evaluate the problems, which occur in adopting evidence-based alcohol policy to Lithuania's alcohol control policy. As it turned out, in Lithuania, the development of alcohol control policy infrastructure is adequately formulated (for example alcohol control policy and implementation is regulated by the law), however such policy measures, in terms of physical availability of alcohol, developed without scientific recommendations. This is mainly due to the problems with alcohol industry, which plays an important role by promoting the liberalization of alcohol policy, and many Lithuanian politicians, who do not care about drinking problems. As the scientific evidence, these problems can be successfully overcome by society to be an effective partner to fight for stricter alcohol control policy. In the fourth chapter, in accordance with the qualitative research "Alcohol control policy promotion of effectiveness in Lithuania: the role of National tobacco and alcohol control coalition (NTAKK) in alcohol control policy", it is examining one of the most important Lithuanian NGO in forming Lithuania's alcohol control policy to be based on the scientific researches and its recommendations. As shown by the results, NTAKK effective actions in lobbying, active mobilization of society made significant contribution to stricter alcohol control policy development in Lithuania, while its active pressure on the politicians, through public lets talk about the joy of evidence-based alcohol policy in Lithuania in the future.

This study is about one of the most serious problems in Lithuania — reduction of huge alcohol consumption and related consequenses in Lithuania's civil society. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to analyze the problematic implementation of alcohol control policy in Lithuania in accordance with the perspective of evidence-based policy. The public policy to be effective, it's very important to use knowledge based on researches, so in the first and the second chapter this evidence-based perspective is analyzed, respectively, to examine its general importance to public policy itself and to alcohol control policy. This analysis is based on the studies of Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian scientists, because in these countries researches in public policy is used broadly, including alcohol control policy, emphasizing on the use of evidence to be very important in understanding the political environment and its changes, an adequate understanding of the problematic situation, the right choice, and the best practices of that policy, which all determine effective outcomes of that policy. According to Lithuanian legislation and the analyses of the studies, in the third chapter it is examining the system of alcohol control policy in Lithuania, to seek evaluate the problems, which occur in adopting evidence-based alcohol policy to Lithuania's alcohol control policy. As it turned out, in Lithuania, the development of alcohol control policy infrastructure is adequately formulated (for example alcohol control policy and implementation is regulated by the law), however such policy measures, in terms of physical availability of alcohol, developed without scientific recommendations. This is mainly due to the problems with alcohol industry, which plays an important role by promoting the liberalization of alcohol policy, and many Lithuanian politicians, who do not care about drinking problems. As the scientific evidence, these problems can be successfully overcome by society to be an effective partner to fight for stricter alcohol control policy. In the fourth chapter, in accordance with the qualitative research "Alcohol control policy promotion of effectiveness in Lithuania: the role of National tobacco and alcohol control coalition (NTAKK) in alcohol control policy", it is examining one of the most important Lithuanian NGO in forming Lithuania's alcohol control policy to be based on the scientific researches and its recommendations. As shown by the results, NTAKK effective actions in lobbying, active mobilization of society made significant contribution to stricter alcohol control policy development in Lithuania, while its active pressure on the politicians, through public lets talk about the joy of evidence-based alcohol policy in Lithuania in the future.

Investing is the conversion of available savings to a specific asset, usually shares, bonds, real estate or investment fund units, with a simple purpose of increasing the amount of money invested in the future. Investments have several types, which are divided according to certain features: according to the investor's influence on the entity, according to the investor's permanent residence, according to the investor status, according to the investment object. Investment policy is often defined institutional investors including, where everything is more or less regulated. State investment policy is formulated in the program of activities of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania, taking into account economic and social-economic development forecasts of the Republic of Lithuania Investor's rights and protection, cooperation between the investor and the investment firms determine the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive.

Investing is the conversion of available savings to a specific asset, usually shares, bonds, real estate or investment fund units, with a simple purpose of increasing the amount of money invested in the future. Investments have several types, which are divided according to certain features: according to the investor's influence on the entity, according to the investor's permanent residence, according to the investor status, according to the investment object. Investment policy is often defined institutional investors including, where everything is more or less regulated. State investment policy is formulated in the program of activities of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania, taking into account economic and social-economic development forecasts of the Republic of Lithuania Investor's rights and protection, cooperation between the investor and the investment firms determine the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive.

At the beginning of the 21st century, rural policy remains one of the most important areas of the public policy in both developing and most advanced countries. Therefore, significant financial and human resources are made available for the implementation of this policy measures. For instance, in 2007 through 2013 the European Union (EU) budget for European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development accounted for EUR 96.2 billion (11 per cent of the total EU budget). A similar situation was observed in Lithuania. The amount of the EU support for rural development in 2007-2013 amounted to LTL 6 billion 096 million with co-financing from the Lithuanian national budget of LTL 1 billion 799 million. A large number of specialists and designated institutions develop and implement rural policy measures and monitor the support programmes. Are the huge financial and human resources assigned for rural development actually used in an efficient way, are rural policy decisions able to adapt to the highly dynamic situation in the business and social life?