Este artigo trabalha com dois conceitos fundamentais, a educomunicação e a desinformação, procurando mostrar que a manipulação de informações e a influência das tecnologias de comunicação sobre a opinião pública têm sido uma preocupação central dos filósofos e estudiosos da comunicação humana. Assim, analisando a desinformação como fenômeno da atualidade, são apresentadas as principais teorias das ciências da comunicação que trazem subsídios para estudá-lo – de perspectivas diferentes, mas complementares. A partir dessa abordagem, questões como democracia, ideologia e poder se tornam elementos aglutinadores dessas análises. ; This article addresses two fundamental concepts, educommunication and disinformation, trying to show the manipulation of information and that the influence of communication technologies on public opinion has been a central concern of philosophers and scholars of human communication. Thus, analyzing disinformation as a current phenomenon, the main theories of communication sciences are presented, which provide subsidies to study it – from different but complementary perspectives. From this approach, issues such as democracy, ideology and power become elements that bring these analyses together.
This paper analyses the problems of the rule of law in today's legal and constitutional discourse. The criticisms the rule of law principle is subjected to, which contribute to its downgrading and to changes in the legal standards that had been progressively achieved, are especially examined, namely, the so-called hyper-protection of fundamental rights and the difficult harmonization with the idea of efficiency. Furthermore, the author identifies the de facto conditions that accentuate the identified problems, such as the systemic deficit of the European Union and the jurisdictional deficit that has become evident since the economic crisis. ; O artigo analisa a problemática do Estado de Direito no discurso jurídicoconstitucional contemporâneo. Reflete-se, em particular, sobre as críticas a que o princípio está hoje sujeito, que conduzem à relativização e mudança dos "standards" de juridicidade progressivamente sedimentados, designadamente, o alegado excesso de garantismo e a difícil compatibilização com as ideias de eficácia e a eficiência. Por fim, identificam-se várias condições de facto que acentuam os problemas identificados, como o défice sistémico existente no quadro da União Europeia e o défice de juridicidade que se tornou evidente com a crise económica.
ABSTRACT Introduction: This article deals with the Supreme Federal Court's empowerment trajectory, exploring exogenous variables in order to explain what made the Supreme Court so institutionally powerful, and how it happened. After the classic studies on the global expansion of the judicial power, that pointed to a myriad of causes as a result of the phenomenon, several recent researches have indicated the political-party fragmentation as the main cause of judicial empowerment. Seeking to corroborate these analyses, the present work analyzes the institutional empowerment of the Brazilian Judiciary from 1945 to 2015, testing the hypothesis the greater the party fragmentation, more institutional power the STF holds. Materials and Methods: As a dependent variable, a synthetic indicator was created to measure the institutional power of the Federal Supreme Court year by year. The independent variables measure the party composition of the Chamber of Deputies annually for the same period. In addition to these variables, other measures were imported from the V-Dem database. For this analysis, simple linear, generalized linear and multinomial models were used. Results: We identified significant impact of party fragmentation on institutional empowerment of the Supreme Court. In all tests, party fragmentation increased the chances of institutional empowerment of the Brazilian judiciary. Discussion: The exogenous reforms that generated this empowerment took place with the support of the Executive and the leniency of the Legislative, transforming the Brazilian Supreme Court into the Queen of the Chess.KEYWORDS: Judiciary Power; Partisan Fragmentation; judicial empowerment; Supreme Federal Court; multinomial; factorial analysis.
In the twentieth century, tourism was the object of attention in public policies of central governments in different countries. In the 21st century, due to the decentralization process, tourism has also become a sector of interest for subnational governments in favor of local and regional development. This article aims to analyze the environmental issue in the tourism policy planned by a subnational government in a federated state. For this, the documentary method was applied, whose collected data were compared in light of specialized literature. As a result, the priorities and issues considered important by government in a tourism policy were identified based on an analytical framework of 15 types of objectives and 22 forms of governmental action. In the analyzed situation, it was observed that the environmental issue is not something central in the current policy, which can cause concern for the sustainability of tourism beyond the economic dimension. Finally, the analytical framework employed makes it possible to understand the intentionality and comprehensiveness of a tourism policy. ; No século XX, o turismo foi objeto de atenção em políticas públicas de governos centrais de diferentes países. No século XXI, devido ao processo de descentralização, o turismo passou a ser também um setor de interesse de governos subnacionais em prol do desenvolvimento local e regional. O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a questão ambiental na política pública de turismo planejada por um governo subnacional em um estado federativo. Para tanto, foram aplicados o método documental cujos dados coletados foram cotejados a luz da literatura especializada. Como resultados, identificou-se as prioridades e as questões consideradas importantes por um governo em uma política pública de turismo a partir de um esquema analítico de 15 tipos de objetivos e 22 formas de atuação governamental. Na situação analisada, observou-se que a questão ambiental não é algo central na política vigente, o que pode tornar preocupante a sustentabilidade do turismo para além da dimensão econômica. Por fim, o esquema analítico empregado possibilita compreender a intencionalidade e a abrangência de uma política pública de turismo. ; En el siglo XX, el turismo fue objeto de atención en políticas públicas de gobiernos centrales de diferentes países. En el siglo XXI, debido al proceso de descentralización, el turismo pasó a ser también un sector de interés de gobiernos subnacionales a favor del desarrollo local y regional. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la cuestión ambiental en la política pública de turismo planeada por un gobierno subnacional en un Estadofederativo. Para eso, fue aplicado el método documental cuyos datos colectados fueron cotejados a la luz de la literatura especializada. Como resultados, se identificó las prioridades y las cuestiones consideradas importantes por un gobierno en una política pública de turismo a partir de un esquema analítico de 15 tipos de objetivos y de 22 formas de actuación gubernamental. En la situación analizada, se observó que la cuestión ambiental no es algo central en la política vigente, lo que puede volver preocupante la sustentabilidad del turismo más allá de la dimensión económica. Por fin, el esquema analítico aplicado posibilita comprender la intencionalidad y la amplitud de una política pública de turismo.
Introduction: The development of adolescents living outside the environment of their families and residing in institutional shelters presents peculiar characteristics in the interactions established in their daily lives and the constitution of their identities. Erikson's psychosocial theory studies identity formation, observing exploration and commitment. Identity status can be classified as identity diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and identity achievement.Objective: To evaluate identity status of adolescents living in institutional shelters.Methods: Eighty-seven adolescents living in institutional shelters (age 12–17) individually responded to the Extended Objective Measure of the Ego Identity Status II (EOMEIS II). The data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics which included the following variables: gender, age range, schooling, and time of sheltering.Results: There was a prevalence of the identity diffusion status in both genders, regardless of the length of schooling and despite the time of sheltering. There were differences in the results considering age range (p = 0,033).Conclusion: Older adolescents showed greater losses in identity development, with more negative and immature states of identity, indicative of poor preparation for leaving the institution (at age 18).
The aim of this study is to analyse the perceptions of internal users regarding the usefulness of financial reporting in the context of decision-making of Portuguese Local Administration. To do this, a survey questionnaire to all municipalities' decision-makers (both technical and political) was carried out. The main findings suggest that usefulness of municipalities' financial reporting, in its current form and content, is high. Nevertheless, this usefulness would increase with the introduction of other information apart from the one that is currently required to disclose. In general, the two different groups of decision-makers – technical and political – have a slightly different behaviour with respect to the usefulness attributed to municipalities' financial reporting, within the context of internal decision-making. The technical decision-makers assign more usefulness than politicians. Additionally, there is a preference, albeit slight, by all users for cash-based budgetary information, although accrual-based information (patrimonial and cost accounting) also reveals a high usefulness.
Background: The prevalence of motor delays (MD) in schoolchildren is an intercultural phenomenon which is particularly present among socio-economically disadvantaged children. Objective: to describe and explain the proximal processes for the development of fundamental motor skills (FMS) in schoolchildren from an elementary school (ES) in a coastal city in the Northeast of Brazil. the objective of this study was to describe and explain the proximal processes for the development of fundamental motor skills (FMS) in schoolchildren from an elementary school (ES) in a coastal city in the Northeast of Brazil. Methods: This was a quali-quantitative study. The quantitative aspect was characterized by the use of the Test of Gross Motor Development Edition 2 to evaluate the fundamental motor skills of 104 children from 7 to 10 years old, 56 boys (8.2±1.0 years) and 48 girls (8.3 ± 0.9 years). Regarding the qualitative aspect, the researcher ecologically placed himself in the context and used non-systematic and non-participant observations and interviews with 7 parents, representing the parents-board of the school, 7 Physical Education teachers and 11 classroom teachers from different schools. Data analysis: the qualitative data were organized using the content analysis synthesis. The quantitative data were treated using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, distribution and frequencies) and inferential statistics (Student t-test). Results: The results revealed that 95.1% of children present MD in locomotor skills and 81.7% in object control skills; girls showed poorer performance compared to boys (p < 0.001). Considering the Bioecological model the MD can be explained by the absence of physical infrastructures and material resources, lack of opportunities and poor teacher training. However, the main explanation was the absence of a pedagogical program to foster MP in schools and youth sports programs. Yet, the Bioecological model allowed us to establish that the MP interferes the way that children interact with the context. Conclusions: It can be inferred that part of the solution to the problem lies in the coordination of exosystem actions (Municipal Department of Education) and in changes to the macrosystem (educational legislation) which guarantee the microsystems (schools and social sports projects) the means to promote MP in children.
Resumo: Há um consenso no sentido de que a falta de moralidade degrada as atividades privadas e públicas e as desvia de seus reais objetivos. Os efeitos da falta de moralidade sobre os direitos fundamentais são ainda mais inaceitáveis e graves quando perpetrados por autoridades públicas. Os casos de desperdício de recursos minam a confiança e a eficiência do poder público. Além disso, a tolerância à corrupção desvirtua as regras da sociedade civil e a qualidade dos serviços públicos. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho é destacar até que ponto a corrupção corrói os pilares da democracia, o princípio da solidariedade e a confiança nas instituições públicas. Os representantes do povo são, muitas vezes, capturados por interesses econômicos pouco transparentes e acabam deixando de atuar em favor do interesse público e da população. A corrupção no setor público representa um emblemático caso de tal desvio, implicando na quebra da confiança na administração pública. A sociedade civil tem um papel fundamental na luta contra a corrupção, consistente em monitorar as atividades públicas para denunciar maus feitos e desenvolver iniciativas para conscientização sobre as consequências causadas pelo mau uso dos recursos públicos. Desperdícios e corrupção quebram o vínculo da solidariedade entre o cidadão e a coesão social.Palavras-chave: corrupção; moralidade; direitos fundamentais; participação popular; solidariedade; transparência.CORRUPTION AS BETRAYAL OF TRUST IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND AS A VIOLATION OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTSAbstract: It is a commonly shared view that poor integrity undermines the main objectives of private and public activities and distracts from their main goals. The lack of integrity affects fundamental rights and is even more unacceptable and serious when perpetrated by public authorities. It causes a waste of resources and undermines the trust and effectiveness of public powers. Moreover, tolerance of corruption distorts the rules of civil society and the quality of services provided to citizens. This paper highlights to what extent corruption erodes the pillars of democracy, the solidarity principle and the trust in public institutions. The principle of solidarity provides that the citizens should assure loyalty to the members of a social body assuring social cohesion. The pillars of anticorruption should be the values of solidarity and social cohesion that hold citizens together in any legal system. Such principles should exclude any tolerance for corruption, as corruption undermines fundamental rights. People's representatives are all too often captured by non-transparent economic interests and divert the pursuit of public and citizens' interests. Corruption in the public sector represents an emblematic case of such diversion determining the betrayal of trust in public administration. Systemic corruption costs to the citizens and they pay it with lower-quality public services. In the past often stakeholders have been kept unaware of such distortions due to a lack of transparency, information asymmetries, or undeveloped competences. A wider transparency and the oversight by civil society might be extremely useful for ensuring that the public activities are correctly performed. Civil society has a key role to play in fighting corruption, from monitoring public activities to denounce bribery and raising awareness of the risks of wasting public money. A new emphasis on the accountability of politicians and of public officials, organizational design and social sanctions is needed. Wastes and corruption betray the links of solidarity among citizens and social cohesion. A concrete risk of loss of reputation and improved audit systems could become effective deterrents to improper conduct for the benefit of citizens.Keywords: corruption; integrity; Fundamental rights; Social witness; Solidarity; TransparencyLA CORRUPCIÓN COMO INCUMPLIMIENTO DE LA CONFIANZA EN LA ADMINISTRACIÓN PÚBLICA Y INCUMPLIMIENTO DE DERECHOS FUNDAMENTALESResumen: Existe consenso en que la falta de moralidad degrada las actividades públicas y privadas y las desvía de sus objetivos reales. Los efectos de la falta de moralidad sobre los derechos fundamentales son aún más inaceptables y graves cuando son perpetrados por autoridades públicas. Los casos de despilfarro de recursos minan la confianza y la eficiencia del gobierno. Además, la tolerancia a la corrupción distorsiona las reglas de la sociedad civil y la calidad de los servicios públicos. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo es resaltar hasta qué punto la corrupción erosiona los pilares de la democracia, el principio de solidaridad y confianza en las instituciones públicas. Los representantes del pueblo a menudo son capturados por intereses económicos no transparentes y terminan actuando en el interés público y la población. La corrupción en el sector público representa un caso emblemático de tal desviación, lo que implica un abuso de confianza en la administración pública. La sociedad civil tiene un papel fundamental en la lucha contra la corrupción, consistente en monitorear las actividades públicas para denunciar las malas acciones y desarrollar iniciativas de sensibilización sobre las consecuencias que genera el mal uso de los recursos públicos. El despilfarro y la corrupción rompen el vínculo de solidaridad entre el ciudadano y la cohesión social.Palabras clave: corrupción; moralidad; derechos fundamentales; participación popular; solidaridad; transparencia
This article reflects on a creative work in Performance Art which has amalgamated the visual arts, theater and dance in a multiple conception, also involving the anthropological field research in its transdisciplinary perspective. The research was focused on the collaborative creative process of nine Performances that constituted the ExposiAção. The individual and, at the same time, collectivized experience of the artists contributed significantly to the definition of ethical, aesthetic and political choices which crossed the process as a whole. The difficulty of conceptualizing Performance is taken into account in this research, dueto the term's various possibilities of unfolding, especially in the multidisciplinar artistic universes. On the other hand, it posits itself as a diverse and plural space-time of the art-bodies, standing as a recurrent presence in contemporary art. The presente investigation still aims to approach the understanding of Performance as moment of a sensitive experience. ; Este artigo reflete sobre um trabalho de criação em Performance Arte que amalgamou as artes visuais, o teatro e a dança em uma concepção interartística envolvendo, ainda, a pesquisa de campo antropológica em sua perspectiva transdisciplinar. A investigação esteve focada no processo criador colaborativo de nove Performances que compuseram uma ExposiAção. A experiência individual e, simultaneamente, coletivizada dos artistas contribuiu significativamente para a definição das escolhas éticas, estéticas e políticas que atravessaram o processo como um todo. A pesquisa leva em consideração que a tentativa de conceituar a Performance é uma tarefa árdua devido à amplitude dos desdobramentos do termo, sobretudo nos universos artísticos multidisciplinares. Por outro lado, ela coloca-se como um espaço-tempo diverso e plural de corpos-arte, situando-se como presença recorrente na arte contemporânea. A presente investigação busca, ainda, fazer o recorte do entendimento de Performance como momento de uma experiência sensível.
Water resources management has become a prominent issue in Brazil's regional political agendas but understanding the limits of its practices and policy choices is yet to be achieved. This article presents an analysis of environmental management in the state of Minas Gerais during 1995-2014, a period characterized by a neoliberal political and economic approach. It seeks to identify possible trends, limitations, and possibilities for institutional and administrative development in this area. The research included a revision of documents dealing with the insertion of public policies in the institutional agendas linked directly or indirectly with the management of water resources. These documents cover legal, legislative, and executive aspects of State performance in this sector, as well as information related to the models of environmental management implemented in the State of Minas Gerais, during the period of study. The conclusions suggest that the practices of water resources management in the State were greatly influenced by neoliberal prescriptions, whether by the increase in the institutional public deficit of the environmental sector or by the contextual and political difficulties facing the implementation of long-term integrated management of water resources.
Objective: To understand/reveal the experiences of undergraduate students of the Nursing School of the Universidade de São Paulo in international academic mobility. Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive study with a qualitative approach conducted between February and July 2017. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview and submitted to content analysis. Results: Twenty-two (22) students participated in the study. Five analytical categories emerged from the analysis of the interviews: Interinstitutional Relationships Dimension, Personal Dimension, Professional Dimension, Academic Dimension and Cultural Dimension. Conclusion: There are many advantages that international mobility can bring to vocational training. Greater governmental and institutional investment is considered necessary, but with mutual planning and monitoring by the institutions in order for it to contribute to the development of Nursing and the Country. ; Objective: To understand/reveal the experiences of undergraduate students of the Nursing School of the Universidade de São Paulo in international academic mobility. Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive study with a qualitative approach conducted between February and July 2017. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview and submitted to content analysis. Results: Twenty-two (22) students participated in the study. Five analytical categories emerged from the analysis of the interviews: Interinstitutional Relationships Dimension, Personal Dimension, Professional Dimension, Academic Dimension and Cultural Dimension. Conclusion: There are many advantages that international mobility can bring to vocational training. Greater governmental and institutional investment is considered necessary, but with mutual planning and monitoring by the institutions in order for it to contribute to the development of Nursing and the Country.
The democratization of education brought forth the need of reviewing school organization design to comprise society and individuals' plurality of profiles and expectations. In school universe, this diversity of profiles covers not only students, but also teachers and other actors. In such a scenario, one redesigns educational and pedagogical practices and processes (Alarcão & Roldão, 2008; Brzezinski, 2014). This reconfiguration directly influences teacher's education, highlights both how it is necessary for school to turn itself into an education space and the importance of the pedagogical counsellor to make it happen. This article, based on the contribution of Lomonico (2005), Franco, Libâneo and Pimenta (2011), Almeida, Souza and Placco (2016), focuses teachers' education as an assignment of the pedagogical counsellor, specially, in public school context. This article takes into account the pedagogical counsellor assignments as prescribed by law and his/her daily activities (Malinoski, 2014). Therefore, it aims to clarify which actions, concerned with teacher's education, are accomplished by pedagogical counsellors. Based on the results of descriptive studies marked with qualitative features (Gatti & André, 2011), whose data were produced from semi structured interviews with pedagogical counsellors who work at public schools of Duque de Caxias City/Rio de Janeiro. Results indicate that the interviewed pedagogical counsellors understand teachers' education as one of their assignments and as essential to turn school into a space for citizenship education and reiterate their intention to be more attentive to this issue. In despite of this, they report that administrative and teaching assistance activities disturb their work routine, what causes difficulty to the proposition of more systematic and less haphazard education actions. As a result, it is possible to verify that a broader understanding of the teachers' education as an assignment of the pedagogical counsellor implies the interconnections among the prescribed, the intended and the accomplished issues. ; Con la democratización de la educación, se hace necesario revisar el diseño de organización escolar para responder a la pluralidad de perfiles y expectativas de la sociedad. En el universo escolar, esta pluralidad incluye tanto a alumnos, cuanto a docentes y otros actores. En este escenario, prácticas y procesos educativos y pedagógicos se reconfiguran (Alarcão & Roldão, 2008; Brzezinski, 2014). Esta reconfiguración influye directamente en la formación de docentes, pone de manifiesto la necesidad de que la escuela se constituya como un espacio de formación y destaca la importancia del orientador pedagógico para eso. Así, a partir de las aportaciones de Lomonico (2005), Franco, Libâneo y Pimenta (2011), Almeida, Souza y Placco (2016), este artículo se centra en la formación de docentes como asignación del orientador pedagógico, especialmente en escuelas públicas. Considerando las atribuciones del orientador pedagógico, prescritas legislativamente, y sus actividades cotidianas (Malinoski, 2014), se pretende explicitar qué acciones, dirigidas a la formación docente, son operacionalizadas por orientadores pedagógicos. Tomamos como base los resultados de un estudio descriptivo de carácter cualitativo (Gatti, & André, 2011), cuyos datos fueron producidos a partir de entrevistas semiestructuradas a orientadoras pedagógicas de escuelas públicas de Duque de Caxias/RJ. Los resultados indican que las orientadoras pedagógicas entrevistadas reconocen la formación de docentes como una de sus atribuciones, la entienden como esencial para que la escuela se convierta en un espacio de formación ciudadana y manifiestan su intención de prestar más atención a ella. Pese a este reconocimiento, señalan que su cotidianidad está atravesada por actividades administrativas, de supervisión de los docentes y rutinas escolares que dificultan la proposición de acciones formativas más sistemáticas y menos contingentes. Se observa, por tanto, que una comprensión más amplia de la formación docente como tarea del orientador pedagógico implica considerar las articulaciones entre lo prescrito, lo intencionado y lo realizado. ; Com a democratização do ensino, torna-se necessário rever o desenho da organização escolar para atender à pluralidade de perfis e expectativas da sociedade e seus sujeitos. No universo escolar, esses perfis plurais abrangem não apenas os alunos, mas também os professores e demais atores. Nesse cenário, reconfiguram-se práticas e processos educativos e pedagógicos (Alarcão & Roldão, 2008; Brzezinski, 2014). Essa reconfiguração influencia diretamente a formação de professores, evidencia a necessidade da escola se constituir como espaço de formação e destaca a importância do orientador pedagógico para que isso aconteça. Assim, apoiando-se nas contribuições de Lomonico (2005), Franco, Libâneo e Pimenta (2011), Almeida, Souza e Placco (2016), este artigo tem como foco a formação de professores como atribuição do orientador pedagógico especialmente no âmbito da escola pública. Considerando as atribuições do orientador pedagógico, prescritas legislativamente, e suas atividades do cotidiano (Malinoski, 2014), objetiva explicitar quais ações, voltadas para a formação de professores, são operacionalizadas pelos orientadores pedagógicos. Toma como base resultados de estudo descritivo de natureza qualitativa (Gatti & André, 2011) cujos dados foram produzidos a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas com orientadoras pedagógicas de escolas públicas do Município de Duque de Caxias/RJ. Os resultados apontam que as orientadoras pedagógicas entrevistadas reconhecem a formação de professores como uma das suas atribuições, a entendem como essencial para que a escola se transforme em espaço de formação cidadã e afirmam a intenção de dar mais atenção a esse aspecto. Apesar desse reconhecimento, relatam que o seu cotidiano é atravessado por atividades administrativas, de acompanhamento dos professores e por outras rotinas escolares que dificultam a proposição de ações de formação mais sistemáticas e menos contingenciais. Constata-se, portanto, que um entendimento mais amplo da formação de professores como atribuição do orientador pedagógico implica considerar as articulações entre o prescrito, o pretendido e o realizado.
In interview given to Igor Lemos Moreira, the American historian Elizabeth Schwall reflects on the role of Cuban dance in the island's revolutionary context. Specialist in the interface between arts and politics in the Americas, Schwall discusses theoretical-methodological aspects of studying the performing arts in historiography, the different processes that involved the institutionalization of dance by the Cuban revolutionary government and the interconnected histories between exiles and artists who support the revolution. Throughout the interview, carried out remotely, it is clear that, in addition to being a fruitful field for art historiography, the study of Cuban dance in the 20th century makes it possible to reflect on the global and intertwined connections between politics, society, art and individuals. ; Em entrevista concedida a Igor Lemos Moreira, a historiadora estadunidense Elizabeth Schwall reflete sobre o papel da dança cubana no contexto revolucionário da ilha. Especialista na interface entre artes e política nas Américas, Schwall discorre sobre aspectos teórico-metodológicos de estudas as artes performances na historiografia, os diferentes processos que envolveram a institucionalização de dança pelo governo revolucionário cubano e as histórias interconectadas entre exilados e artistas que apoiadores da revolução. Ao longo da entrevista, realizada remotamente, percebe-se que além de um campo profícuo a historiografia da arte, o estudo da dança cubana no século XX possibilita refletir acerca das conexões globais e entrelaçadas entre política, sociedade, arte e indivíduos.
Em O Mundo Inteiro Como Lugar Estranho, livro de caráter ensaístico, Cancliniaborda diversos aspectos culturais da contemporaneidade em tempos de decomposição social. As estruturas que acreditávamos estáveis e as teorias que considerávamos como explicativas das realidades sociais já não se sustentam num mundo em que os atores ligados às redes sociotécnicas criam e recriam a todo instante suas formas de associação. No livro, o autor percorre este mundo como um lugar estranho, lançando-se num "voo baixo" sobre temas como: ser estrangeiro; a democracia que, a seus olhos, ganha o adjetivo de "canalha"; formas de hacktivismo; maneiras de escrever ciência e literatura; além de falar sobre os congressos acadêmicos, sempre de um ponto de vista crítico em relação a cultura ocidental dominante e às certezas magistrais. ; In The Whole World as Strange Place, an essay-like work, Canclini approachesmany cultural aspects of the contemporaneity in times of social decomposition. The structures that we believed to be stable and the theories we considered to explain the social realities no longer stand in a world in which actors are connected to socio technical networks and are creating and recreating their forms of association. In the book, the author crosses the world like a strange place, throwing itself in a "fly down" on subjects like: being foreign; the democracy, that in his concern gains the adjective "scoundrel"; forms of hacktivism; ways of writing science and literature; in addition to talking about academic congresses, always from a critical point of view regarding dominant Western culture and magisterial certainties.
This paper does a documentation and bibliography revision, contained in the field of study of human rights education (HRE), the social quality of school education from the analysis of its institutionality at the educational regulatory framework instituted after the Federal Constitution of 1988. Such legislative acts delegated an innovative role to schools to act as a space in charge of protecting the rights of children and teenagers. However, what is found is that the school environment still constitutes as a place for schooling based on the labor logic and by the ideal of abundance of consumption as way to achieve happiness. It is proposed, based on the above, that the protective school act from a dynamic distribution of knowledge transforming the liberal maxim of equal opportunities and meritocracy into state intervention, such as social justice. For such, education as a fundamental right, and the school as a platform of social protection should assimilate traits that go beyond simple knowledge socialization, and should cover principles such as totality, availability, accessibility, acceptability and adaptability. In this way, we conceive HRE as indispensable to the formation of agents capable of potentiating the school as a space of social protection. Such education should be, thus, constitutive of the professional identity of those who work in schools and other institutions that are part of the social protection network in the system of rights assurance. ; Problematiza-se neste artigo de revisão documental e bibliográfica, pertencente à área de estudos em Educação em Direitos Humanos (EDH), a qualidade social da educação escolar a partir da análise da sua institucionalidade no marco normativo educacional instituído após a Constituição Federal de 1988. Tais atos legislativos legalizam uma função inovadora para a escola, a de ser e atuar como espaço protetivo de direitos de crianças e adolescentes. No entanto, o que se constata é que o ambiente escolar ainda se constitui como lugar da escolarização baseada na lógica do trabalho e do ideal de abundância do consumo como sinônimo de felicidade. Propõe-se, a partir do exposto, que a escola protetiva atue a partir de uma dinâmica distributiva de saberes transformando a máxima liberal da igualdade de oportunidades e meritocracia em intervenção estatal pela educação equitativa, como justiça social. Para tal, a educação como direito humano fundamental, e a escola como espaço de proteção social devem assimilar características que vão além da simples socialização de conteúdos instrucionais, devendo abranger princípios como totalidade, disponibilidade, acessibilidade, aceitabilidade e adaptabilidade. Dessa forma, concebemos EDH como indispensável à formação de agentes capazes de potencializar a escola como espaço de proteção social. Referida formação deve ser, portanto, constitutiva da identidade profissional dos que atuam na escola e nas demais instituições componentes da rede de proteção social no sistema de garantia de direitos.
