Suchergebnisse

Este comentario analiza la sentencia del Tribunal de Justicia en el asunto C-289/21, IG. El objeto de este asunto fue la compatibilidad con el art. 47 de la Carta de Derechos Fundamentales de la UE de una norma procesal, por la que quedaba sin objeto un recurso contra una disposición reglamentaria si esta era objeto de derogación. Así como el TJUE señaló que tal mecanismo no resulta incompatible con el principio de equivalencia, sí afirmó que era contrario al de efectividad y al art. 47 CDF, por cuanto no garantizaba la consideración de los efectos de la norma sobre el recurrente.
Iruzkin honetan, Justizia Auzitegiak C-289/21 gaiari buruz emandako epaia aztertzen da. Gai horren xedea EBko Oinarrizko Eskubideen Gutunaren 47. artikuluaren eta arau prozesal baten arteko bateragarritasuna izan zen; arau prozesal haren arabera, ez zegoen arrazoirik erregelamenduzko xedapenen aurkako errekurtsoetarako, erregelamenduzko xedapenak indargabetuz gero. Europar Batasuneko Justizia Auzitegiak adierazi zuen mekanismo hori ez dela bateraezinabaliokidetasun-printzipioarekin baina eraginkortasun-printzipioaren eta EBko Oinarrizko Eskubideen Gutunaren 47. artikuluaren aurkakoa zela, arauak errekurtsogilearentzat zituen ondorioak kontuan hartzea bermatzen ez zuelako.
This comment examines the ruling of the Court of Justice of the European Union in case C-289/21, IG. The subject-matter of this case was the compatibility with Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of a procedural rule according to which, a case was devoid of object if it was previously derogated. Whilstthe CJEU indicated that such mechanism was not incompatible with the principle of equivalence it held that it was irreconcilable with the principle of effectivity and Article 47 as it did not guarantee the examination of the effects of the rule on the plaintiff.

ResumenSe estudia el impacto de la legislación laboral en la segmentación de facto del mercado de trabajo en 22 países europeos de 1991 a 2014. Se distinguen tres funciones de la legislación laboral basadas en el concepto de segmentación legal —estandarización (protectora), constitución de privilegios e igualación— y se estudian sus efectos sobre el empleo global, típico y atípico, masculino y femenino mediante estadísticas descriptivas y multivariantes. Fuertes privilegios, combinados con un alto grado de estandarización, favorecen el empleo típico masculino y atípico femenino, mientras que la igualación en favor de las mujeres y demás grupos marginados aumenta el empleo atípico masculino.

El trabajo aborda el alcance de las modificaciones operadas por la LO 14/2002, de 22 de diciembre, por la que se suprimió el delito de sedición y se introdujeron importantes novedades en el delito de desórdenes públicos. La presentación acompasada de ambas reformas ofrece elementos para interpretar que el nuevo tipo cualificado de desórdenes está llamado a cumplir el papel de sucesor del primero. El estudio pretende indagar si realmente el flamante precepto ha venido a cubrir todo o, al menos, parte del comportamiento antes penalizado bajo la calificación de la sedición y, caso de que así no sea, si es razonable concluir que ello supone una laguna de punibilidad que debiera ser subsanada.

Way of implementing transitional justice into national contexts is the parallel implementation of four conflict de-escalation strategies consisting of truth-seeking, judicial processes, reparations programs and institutional reforms. In this sense, the objective of this editorial is twofold, on the one hand, to present volume 41, number 78 of Political Questions and, on the other, to practical aspects of the transitional justice model implementation. The author substantiates that the process of transitional justice implementing is endowed with a certain ideological component serving the purpose of transitional justice implementing. The authors concept definition of "transitional justice model implementation" was proposed. It is noted that the mixed implementation mechanism of the studied model, combining domestic and international efforts in the field of peace building is the most acceptable for Ukraine. The author draws attention to the interdependence of the national context and the relevant mechanisms for the transitional justice implementation. The author concludes that implementation mechanisms are determined depending on the exigencies of the post-conflict society.

Este artículo analiza las demandas de autocuidado de estudiantes de la carrera de Enfermería de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de la Universidad Nacional del Este. Con un enfoque etnográfico, se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 28 estudiantes (22 mujeres y 6 hombres), de un universo de N = 100. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas con permiso. Se observan demandas críticas en 5 de los 8 requisitos universales. La estructura del capital económico condiciona efectos en cadena que impiden la satisfacción de los requisitos universales y limita la agencia de autocuidado. Las demandas críticas derivarán en déficits de autocuidado, potenciales o actuales. Los sistemas de apoyo educativo solo serán eficientes con la implementación de políticas públicas de soporte del autocuidado de estudiantes.

Mientras la Política Agrícola Común (PAC) ha sido criticada durante años por no abordar los retos medioambientales y socioeconómicos a los que se enfrenta la agricultura europea, las nuevas medidas medioambientales de la PAC Post-22 parecían prometer una mayor ambición en la reasignación de fondos de la Unión Europea para financiar más acciones sostenibles.

Sin embargo, entre las medidas adoptadas se encuentran instrumentos como la agricultura de precisión, que ha sido criticada por perpetuar y profundizar la intensificación de la agricultura en lugar de promover una transición socioecológica. El estudio de caso del canal de riego de precisión Segarra-Garrigues ilustra cómo la agricultura de precisión puede producir consecuencias socioecológicas negativas para la población rural, en particular si no se consideran el contexto socioeconómico y la gobernanza participativa en el proceso de planificación y ejecución de semejante proyecto.

In Mexico, the use of rivers as recreational centers drives the regional economy, however, most of these do not comply with the safety and quality of the water, therefore the microbiological risk derived from poor hygiene practices and discharges of industrial and urban waste increases every day, leaving public health exposed due to the deficiency in the monitoring of pathogens associated with infectious outbreaks. Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) have a high prevalence in rivers of Sinaloa, they are considered indicators of contamination and are of the main causes of gastrointestinal infections worldwide, due to their ability to survive in numerous natural environments. Therefore, in this research, the survival of both bacteria in recreational water from the Fuerte River, San José de Ahome, Sinaloa, Mexico, was evaluated. To determine bacterial survival, water samples from two river locations were used, before and after the 2019 Easter holiday period. The concentration of total dissolved solids was determined for each sample, and these were inoculated with E. coli and S. Typhimurium independently, at a concentration of 6 Log10 CFU mL-1, simulating river conditions in the laboratory. For this, both bacteria were evaluated every 48 h using the plate extension technique. The results obtained showed that both bacteria prior to the Easter period survived 12 days, with 6.2X101 CFU mL-1 and 4.5 X101 CFU mL-1 of E. coli at sampling points 1 and 2, respectively and, 4.66X101 CFU mL-1 and 5.4 X101 CFU mL-1 of S. Typhimurium at sampling points 1 and 2, respectively; likewise, after the holiday period they survived 1.2X102 CFU mL-1 until day 16 and 4 CFU mL-1 until day 20 of E. coli at sampling points 1 and 2, respectively, also 1.65 X102 CFU mL-1 until day 16 and 22 CFU mL-1 until day 22 of S. Typhimurium, at sampling points 1 and 2, respectively. By comparison of means with the Tukey test showed that, there are significant differences between the survival of E. coli and S. Typhimurium in the sampling dates, which could be attributed to the capacity to use nutrients, derived from the organic waste generated by human influx.

The document analyzes the legislation of the Russian Federation and the member states of the European Union on extradition from the point of view of its compliance with the current European Convention on Extradition. It also makes proposals to improve the rules of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation that regulates the extradition procedure. Methodologically, the work uses scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as the historical, comparative method, all in an integrated approach. Among the conclusions, the fact that for the previous legal provisions to work, its consolidation only in the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation is insufficient. The first step to put them into practice could be to discuss the issue of making the necessary amendments to the Convention on Legal Assistance and Legal Relations in Civil Matters, as well as in the Family and Criminal Affairs regulations of January 22, 1993, of which the countries of the European Convention on Extradition are parties.

Objective: To demonstrate the low efficiency in costs and timeframes in 22 investment projects (PIP) of the Regional Government of Moquegua and Arequipa, which generated higher costs and timeframes between the ex ante and ex post in the period 2004-2020. Method: Inductive, basic, not experimental. Results: Based on the Wilcoxon test, it was shown that the costs of 12 projects in Moquegua, before and after, were different with asymptotic significance (bilateral) 0.006, from 127 to 220 million; and the "t" test for related samples generated the significance (bilateral) of 0.000. It was observed that the average calculated in days was different, that the average of the ex ante period turned out to be 339 days while the average of the actual period was 2307 days. In 10 projects in Arequipa, the Wilcoxon test generated 0.007 and the costs went from 1030 to 1585 million soles; the difference in terms generated a p-value of wilcoxon of 0.004 from an average of 15.4 to 57.5 months. Conclusion: The costs of the previous and subsequent period are different, as are the proposed deadlines and actual deadlines in both regions.

The study was carried out with the objective of comparing and analyzing psychosocial factors such as stress, depression and anxiety in undergraduate university students from Loreto, Ancash, Moquegua and Puno during confinement by Covid-19, Peru. The study was based on a non-experimental, quantitative-descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational design with non-probability and intentional sampling, an online survey was applied to a sample of 665 undergraduate students using validated instruments such as the List of Indicators of Vulnerability to stress, the Zung Depression Scale, and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale. The study reports vulnerability to stress in 50.8%, 46.3%, 36.4% and 37.5% in Loreto, Ancash, Moquegua and Puno. The prevalence of depression was 100.0%, 97.6%, 96.9% and 95.2% between mild, moderate and severe; likewise, 100.0% presented anxiety symptoms. It was concluded that a situation of obligatory social confinement is directly related to the presence of stress, depression and anxiety, particularly in undergraduate university students, affecting a greater proportion of women; of these between 19 and 22 years, and with a higher incidence in regions with a greater number of confirmed cases; where insomnia, worry and irritability are the most significant symptoms.

Mexican philosopher Emilio Uranga (1921-1988) is mostly remembered as the author of an Análisis del ser del mexicano (1952), but also as a scathing journalist and advisor to López Mateos, Díaz Ordaz, Echeverría, López Portillo. It is possible to draw a line that connects these two aspects. This link is no other than his ontological conception of the Mexican Revolution.

The author of the article analyzes the definition of constitutional traditions under the influence of various legal cultures; It also considers the various existing approaches to the definition of constitutional traditions and, at the same time, proposes its own approach to understanding these traditions in their particular context. The results show that constitutional traditions are formed over several generations, therefore, they always reflect the fundamental specificities of a sociocultural system. The author also highlights the factors that influence the perception of constitutional traditions in different legal-constitutional cultures. For the rest, the article studies the most widely disseminated approaches to understand constitutional norms that do not always fully coincide with the canons of constitutional and legal culture. Methods of scientific and general philosophical cognition are used to explore the constitutional tradition from different perspectives of analysis. It is concluded that constitutional traditions, as a whole, can be characterized as elements of the constitutional legacy that preserve the fundamental values of democracy, the constitutional order, the mechanism of state power and the constitution-based political system, as well as the constitutional forms of government enshrined in law.

Octavio Paz analyzed painting from the perspective of a poet. Like his artistic mentor Charles Baudelaire, Paz had two very difficult characteristics to find: he was a poet and a keen art critic. In this article the author discusses Octavio Paz's relationship between poetry and the visual arts and his role as art editor for the magazines Plural (1971-1976) and Vuelta (1976-1998).

The objective of the research was to demonstrate the hypothesis that greater budgets do not generate greater procedural speed in the Constitutional Court of Peru (TC), restricting access to a reasonable time period between 1999-2020. At the methodological level, data was collected from 22 years of Constitutional Court (TC) sentences. From the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF), the accruals of the transferred budget. In addition, Pearson's Rho and discriminant analysis for clusters were used. The results highlight that the procedural burden depends on the actions of amparo, habeas corpus and non-compliance with an R2 of 99.93%. There is a delay in resolving lawsuits, while the budget grows. The Rho is 0.245. If the budget grows by 10%, publications would increase by 2.45%. Remunerations grow 7 times in the period and resolutions by 2.36 times. The Rho ratio is 0.33. The discriminant analysis proves that, of the three stages, 1999-2002; 2003-2012; and 2013-2020, in the third stage productivity and celerity decrease, while budgets increase. The processed information allows concluding that the public management of the (TC) does not show procedural celerity in the resolution of the files, in terms of access to justice in a reasonable time.

La homofobia interiorizada se trata de un constructo importante para el desarrollo y la salud física y mental de lesbianas, gays y bisexuales, sin embargo, su operacionalización ha sido constantemente criticada y señalada como complicada, por su contenido, por sus propiedades psicométricas y por la influencia cultural con la que cuentan las escalas. El propósito del presente estudio fue la construcción de una escala de homofobia interiorizada culturalmente relevante para adultos LGB, así como la identificación de sus dimensiones y la evaluación de sus propiedades psicométricas de validez de constructo y confiabilidad. Participaron 782 voluntarios con una edad entre 18 a 52. A través de un análisis factorial exploratorio se obtuvo una escala con 22 ítems distribuidos en cuatro factores, los cuales explicaron el 54.38% de la varianza. Un análisis de consistencia interna mostró un alfa de Cronbach de 0.92. Los resultados se discuten a la luz de diversas teorías y modelos de medida propuestos sobre la homofobia interiorizada. Este estudio respondió a diversas críticas sobre la operacionalización de este constructo, además proporcionó un nuevo instrumento válido y confiable que mantiene y agrega nuevos elementos a este constructo.