Suchergebnisse

The article holistically analyses current strategies for the use and development of nuclear forces of the USA and Russia and analytically reflects their mutual doctrinal interactions. It deals with the conditions under which the U.S. and Russia may opt for using their nuclear weapons and reflects also related issues of modernization and development of their actual nuclear forces. The author argues that both superpowers did not manage to abandon the Cold War logic or avoid erroneous, distorted or exaggerated assumptions about the intentions of the other side. The text concludes with a summary of possible changes and adaptations of the American nuclear strategy under the Biden administration as part of the assumed strategy update expected for 2022.

The history of the Great Patriotic War has now become a hostage to political games and the ambitions of a national power. The collapse of the Soviet Union not only led to the development of the republics, but also transformed the politics of memory concerning Soviet history. This article analyses contemporary practices of commemorating the Great Patriotic War in Kazakhstan. It is one of the few Central Asian republics that continues to celebrate 9 May. The author analyses cultural memory in the post-Soviet area using the example of Kazakhstan and shows how contemporary practices of commemorating the Great Patriotic War developed. She also shows the state practices of the social and communicative transmission of the history of Kazakhstan's participation in the Great Patriotic War.

The review includes a book by Pierre Ado, a French philosopher, philologist and researcher for ancient and medieval philosophy. The main idea of the book is to find an answer on the question: does philosophy form or inform? In this way, the author tries to actualize the fact that philosophical discourse and philosophical life are inseparable. He believes that the recognition of philosophical life as one of the poles of philosophy will help to find a place in our modern world for philosophers who will not only renew philosophical discourse, but also direct it into their lives. This book is addressed to everyone. Ado is convinced that anyone who dares to live in a philosophical way can become a philosopher.

AbstractCOVID‐19 poses an unprecedented challenge to human society. To cope with the pandemic, people seek information from various communication channels. Microblog websites are highly influential information channels for the public to get timely information during the pandemic. Building on the heuristic‐systematic processing model, this study identifies the multiple characteristics (content, author, and social features) that may play a role in triggering long cascades of reposts of COVID‐19‐related news microblogs. With a large‐scale news microblog database collected from Weibo and an innovative information gain method, we find that heuristic thinking plays a dominant role in COVID‐19 pandemic‐related news microblog reposting decisions and further discloses the specific influencing factors of such behavior.

Current research paper performs focused textual analysis of themes and characters of the novel The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde intertwining the study with pertinent references to details of the author's biography thus providing essential critical insights. Peculiarity of the paper lays with it considering the novel to encompass two distinct juxtaposed genres: an autobiography (decadent values) and a parable (moral values). By synthetically combining them, the author at the same time conveys superiority of idealized artistic aesthetic worldview of reality (at times superseding conventional morality) while reinforcing fundamental if naïve good nature of humanity with both of them engaged in (endless) struggle for the reader's soul against the suffocating reality of hypocritical society.

AbstractThis article is based on the keynote address given by the author on 6 May 2021 at a conference organised by Maison Française d'Oxford/Worcester College, Oxford, with the support of The Political Quarterly and the Alfred Toepfer Stiftung. It considers the world of angry and divisive politics in which we currently reside and the serious adverse impact this is having on women in politics and in public life generally. It examines the causes of the increasing misogyny that exists both online and offline, why there is both an individual and an institutional responsibility to take action to tackle it, and how these problems need urgently to be addressed if women are to continue to play an active role in political life.

The oil-rich Muslim Core, the Arab World, is far removed from a just and humane world, totally at variance with the grand promise of Islam, a perfect social contract initiated by the Prophet himself. The present article is a synopsis of a forthcoming book to be published in 2022 by Routledge. It uses a neo-Ottomanist framework for critical analysis to explain today's complex challenges facing the Islamic world. Not everyone may be happy with the neo-Ottomanist approach chosen. The author only wishes to state that his study is not anti-Arab or anti-Islam, only the work of a social realist, relying on the latest statistical and historical data as much as possible.

Before Covid-19 around a quarter of the UK's rough sleeping population were non-UK nationals, with the proportion rising above half in some metropolitan areas. The UK government's targeting of rough-sleeping EU citizens for 'administrative removal' between 2010–2017 reflected a trend in social policy towards enforcement- rather than support-based 'solutions' to migrant homelessness. Changes to the Immigration Rules in late 2020 to make rough sleeping a ground for refusal or cancellation of permission to be in the UK represent a revival of this tendency. This commentary analyses UK policies targeting rough sleeping non-UK nationals for deportation from a practitioner's perspective – the author ran a rights project for homeless migrants between 2018 and 2021.

This essay looks at the intellectual relationship between author Angela Gilliam and Afro-Brazilian scholar-activist Abdias Nascimento. In 1968, both Gilliam and Nascimento were involved in self-examination and reinvention in terms of the positive affirmation of blackness and politicization of racial consciousness. This was a crucial time of social change and political struggle for equal rights to citizenship in Brazil and the United States. It was in her interpreter-translator work for Nascimento that Gilliam's relationship to cultural and political expressions of peoples of African descent became deepened. This essay is a longer version of the lecture she delivered during the 2015 Abdias Nascimento symposium held at Brown for which she sent to us to include in this special issue before her passing in September 2018.

The article discusses the issues of the formation of socially active civic competence of students in schools, which are relevant for society and the education system, and some results of the research carried out in pilot schools on this topic. In this regard, the presence of a problematic situation in the practice of teaching students the subject "Foundations of State and Law" is stated. Teaching this subject and its content has potential socio-didactic and educational opportunities that contribute to the effective formation of socially active civic competence of senior students. The author proposes to use such opportunities in the context of the implementation of innovative educational technology in the process of teaching this subject and educational developmental technology in extracurricular training sessions with senior students.

This article is devoted to the study of the preconditions for Ibn Khaldun's philosophy of history. It is argued that his theory of history was both a result of his own intellectual development and previous theories. The author states that Ibn Khaldun was influenced by ancient thought, political culture of Western Asia and Islamic intellectual tradition. The first was Ancient Greek philosophy and medicine that he inherited from the great physicians and philosophers like Aristotle, Hippocrates and Galen. The second was cultural and political legacy of Sassanid Persia. The third prerequisite for formation of Ibn Khaldun's theory of history was the adoption of the achievements of his predecessors, Islamic scientists, theologians and philosophers who had contributed to the rational critique of history.

The development of postcolonial studies as a research discipline to a large extent depends on their representatives' ability to overcome their own post-colonial conditions. This particularly applies to researchers representing imperial cultures. Russian post-colonial studies develop their own cognitive categories in relation to the issue of Russian and Soviet imperialism, while avoiding many potential inspirations contained in the book by Ewa Thompson "Imperial Knowledge: Russian Literature and Colonialism", which became an important reference for postcolonial research in Poland and Ukraine. The author of the article outlines the shaping of Russian literaturocentrism, and then, tries to answer the question of whether and to what extent it can be a useful issue for research on the imperial determinants of Russian culture.

Abstract
The author begins by highlighting Peirce's claim that every kind of consciousness is more or less like a cognition. He concludes by making a plea for a cognitive semiotics in which both mechanistic explanations and accounts framed in terms of personal agents are necessary for an adequate account of human cognition. The topics of habit-taking and the form of consciousness associated with this process are what link Peirce's cognitivist approach to consciousness and an inclusive, non-reductionist vision of cognitive semiotics. Impersonal mechanisms play an integral role in even the most sophisticated forms of human cognition. But the self-critical endeavors of personal agents, especially ones susceptible to "crises" such as doubt, play no less an important role.

In this article, the author examines the problems of women's participation in politics based on an analysis of the gender composition of the deputy corps of the State Duma of the VII convocation, and also compares their activity and effectiveness with male deputies on the basis of the rating "The coefficient of utility of State Duma deputies" compiled by the deputy club since 2017 d. The data of the integral rating, consisting of four indices, make it possible to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the activities of female deputies and to identify the cause-and-effect relationships of this. The article also identifies the main trends in gender policy in the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States and compares the representation of women in government.

The author aims to capture the significance of the celebration of Nauryz, the ancient celebration of spring, family, and local community. She describes various forms of celebrating Nauryz on the official, national, local, and family level in Kazakhstan. She emphasizes that the renewed tradition of celebrating Nauryz is part of a process deliberately adopted by the Kazakh authorities in the post-Soviet period in order to build a community from a state of many ethnicities. She states that all the ways of celebrating Nauryz appeal to the original motivation of sustaining, restoring, and strengthening the community. This leads to the formation of communitas (in Victor Turner's sense), which is conducive to forming the inhabitants of modern Kazakhstan into a multi-ethnic community.