Suchergebnisse

En este trabajo se hace un recuento histórico de los paradigmas rectores del orden económico internacional desde el siglo pasado: el cómo y el por qué de las modificaciones que han experimentado, hasta rebasar el bipolarismo en las relaciones internacionales y afincar el predominio de la ideología neoliberal. Al mismo tiempo se examinan los ajustes adaptativos de los países periféricos a esos paradigmas. En América Latina, la abrupta apertura de fronteras y la abolición del proteccionismo sin el armazón institucional apropiado han desencadenado menor desarrollo económico, deterioro social y descrédito de la democracia. Este análisis, llevado a la crítica de cambios específicos en las formulaciones paradigmáticas y de su instrumentación en la región, revela su validez relativa y la existenc

Hace 20 años Carlos Fuentes decía que el libro "Vecinos distantes", de Alan Riding, sería un libro clásico sobre México durante mucho tiempo. Hoy se puede decir lo mismo sobre "Opening Mexico". Sam Dillon y Julia Preston reconstruyen de manera magistral el largo y complicado proceso de democratización de México a través de historias vivencias de individuos concretos que contribuyeron a la causa. En esta "segunda Revolución", aunque México sea una "democracia imperfecta", no por ello ha de restársele el mérito de ya no ser "una dictadura perfecta". (Foreign Aff/DÜI)

This paper is based on the author's doctoral thesis, "La Construction of the University Power Agenda," which recounted the 1999 student conflict at the National Autonomous U of Mexico (UNAM) over the university's decision to raise tuition fees. UNAM was closed for 10 months. The author conducted a representative questionnaire survey of 766 students (of different educational levels & academic disciplines) on 22, 23, & 27 Mar 1999 to measure student opinion about the fee increase & the conflict. An exacerbating factor in the conflict was the high level of political activity that year, leading up to the national elections. Most of the students were against the fee increases, but they were also against the protest & violence on the part of some students. Adapted from the source document.

The author examines how the concept raison d'etat was conceived & shaped. Although this concept is tied up to Machiavelli's thoughts, the author shows that the florentinian thinker did not coin it such as we know & use it nowadays, & paradoxically was one of its contestants, Giovanni Botero, the first one to use this concept in an explicit manner & to analyze it in a systematic way. The essay examines critically Botero's work, an author who was formerly considered as a second line political thinker, although he has provided interesting approaches on topics such as power, governorship & religion. To conclude, the concept raison d'etat was born in the cradle layed by the historical dialectics & confrontation between Machiavelli & his impugnants. Adapted from the source document.

In this article, the author analyzes the handling of confidential information, in accordance with the new Mexican Law of Transparency & Access to Public Information, that took effect in July of 2003. The author approaches two themes: the item of the right to information & the right to confidentiality, this means, the information under reserve or "classified." In other words, the right to "secret." In this instance, is debated the when, the how & the why of the use of one or the other right. Adapted from the source document.

In this article, the author analyzes, within the framework of cities growth, the free market, the impoverishment of rural sectors, of the ecological degradation & the lost of biodiversity, the urgent theme of the environment in the world's agenda & his urban & regional sustainability. In his work, the author obliges to re-think the globality in first instance from local space, valuating that this process has just brought benefits to few countries & transnational enterprises that, making use of money & technology, had accelerated the no socioambiental sustainability. Adapted from the source document.

In this article, the author emphasizes the importance of control & evaluation in the institutional occupy of public administration pointing to, with special emphasis, that this are relevant means to harmonize & link the decisions, the resources, & the staff in the multifacetic world that own public administration has to order & strengthen to respond whit a sense of opportunity to the government process & to the intense dynamic & plural citizen life. The author concludes that the control & evaluation in public administration may be taken in the values of institutionallity, this means in the values that are typical of gobernation & society administration. Adapted from the source document.

This text considers the unsuccessful 1999-2002 peace negotiation in Colombia between president Andres Pastrana's administration (1998-2002) & the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). Based both on the theoretical literature on conflict resolution, & a factual monitoring of conversations between the Colombian government & the country's main insurgency, the author pinpoints a series of misunderstandings, contradictions & inconveniences surrounding a peace process that throughout its development was gradually transformed into a pattern that further escalated the conflict. Next, the author calls attention to the challenge that the Colombian case represents for Latin America, namely, that the region should play a more salient role in assisting for the Andean country to solve its irregular conflict. The second part of this article describes the ascension to power of Alvaro Uribe's government (2002-2006) in the context of an exacerbated & degraded confrontation. His first year of administration is analyzed, suggesting that there is a swinging between the aim to consolidate democracy & a slip toward authoritarian behaviors. Finally, the author stresses the dialogue process started by the new administration with the United Self-Defenses of Colombia (Auc), the main existing federation of paramilitary groups. Adapted from the source document.

In this paper the author examines Rawls' work & modifies an earlier analysis extending it substantially. He also pointed out the great contributions Rawls has made to philosophy. Adapted from the source document.

The author studies the mature political thought of John Locke, contained especially in the Second Treatise of Government, in order to track two key concepts in his views on the origin of the State & political regimes. These two concepts are freedom & consent. Locke argues that the natural freedom of the person constitutes the foundation of politically organized society. The author's thesis is that that freedom is expressed as a pact or contract to institute a political society or State, & as a majoritarian decision to adopt a political regime or government. In light of these two modes of consent, the author analyzes their effects on political society & the political regime. 17 References. Adapted from the source document.

More than half of Latin American countries have bicameral legislatures, & the vast majority of the region's larger nations have dual legislative bodies. This paper explores whether bicameralism represents a relevant institutional variable in the functioning of Latin American systems. The author develops a typology of the various types of bicameralism in the region based on specific aspects that differentiate them, & discusses the relevance of the system's institutional arrangement & the party configuration of the chambers for bicameralism. Then, a veto gates-&-players model is constructed in order to analyze the causal mechanism through which bicameralism impacts Latin American systems in terms of public policy implementation. Finally, the author presents two examples (one with variation in time, the other with variation in space) to make a case on the relevance of bicameralism as a function of both on its type, & the institutional & party context in which it is implanted. 5 Tables, 3 Figures, 50 References. Adapted from the source document.

Starting from the world wide accepted definition of science, the author questions if the social sciences are really sciences. He examines such problems as truth, logic, objectivity, corroboration, prediction & general laws as well as the different kinds of tests used in science to answer his question. Adapted from the source document.