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Cover -- Halftitle -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Brief Table of Contents -- Detailed Table of Contents -- Preface -- Guided Tour -- Connect -- About the Author -- Acknowledgements -- Create -- Make the grade! -- PART 1 Introduction -- Chapter 1 Thinking Like an Economist -- Microeconomics and Macroeconomics -- The Cost-Benefit Approach to Decisions -- Example 1.1: Should I get out of my comfortable chair? -- The Role of Economic Theory -- Common Pitfalls in Decision Making -- Example 1.2: Should I go skiing today or work as a research assistant? -- Example 1.3: Should I go skiing today or wash dishes? -- ECONOMIC NATURALIST 1.1: Why are most university students under 30? -- ECONOMIC NATURALIST 1.2: Why can it be costly to use a free, money-off voucher? -- Example 1.4: Should I relocate my shop? -- Example 1.5: The pizza experiment -- ECONOMIC NATURALIST 1.3: Why do hotels charge a deposit? -- Example 1.6: Are you willing to walk 15 minutes in order to save €10? -- Example 1.7: Should Tom launch another boat? -- Example 1.8: How many boats should Tom launch? -- Using Marginal Benefit and Marginal Cost -- Example 1.9: How much should Susan talk to Hal each month? -- ECONOMIC NATURALIST 1.4: Why is airline food so bad? -- ECONOMIC NATURALIST 1.5: Why are smartphones so powerful? -- Would Parents Want Their Daughter or Son to Marry Homo Economicus? -- Example 1.10: A friend phones you with an urgent request -- Positive Questions and Normative Questions -- ECONOMIC NATURALIST 1.6: Why does an efficient health service not do everything to keep people alive? -- Summary -- Questions for Review -- Problems -- Answers to In-Chapter Exercises -- Chapter 2 Supply and Demand -- Chapter Preview -- Supply and Demand Curves -- ECONOMIC NATURALIST 2.1: Why do we want your lecturer to recommend this textbook? -- Equilibrium Quantity and Price.

"A bold blueprint to retool our economy and transform our politics for a zero-carbon future. The IPCC's 2018 report told us in no uncertain terms that the world has just ten years to at least halve our greenhouse gas emissions if we are to have a hope of holding global warming to a 1.5°C increase. Canada is not on a path to meet its greenhouse gas reduction targets, and radical change to the way we live and work must happen at high speed, but how are we ever to do this? Well, we've actually done it before. During the Second World War, Canadians and their government completely remade the economy -- retooling factories, transforming the workforce, and creating common cause among Canadians for the war effort. In A Good War, author and activist Seth Klein looks at the Second World War strategies and shows how they can be repurposed today for a rapid transition. He demonstrates that this change can create jobs and reduce inequality while tackling our climate obligations. From enlisting broad public support to new economic models, and new job creation to investment in green infrastructure, Klein shows us a bold, practical policy plan for a zero-carbon Canada. In a coincidence almost too uncanny, COVID-19 has brought change upon our world that would have been unthinkable a few months ago, change very like what Klein presciently proposes in these pages. It turns out the world can turn on a dime if necessary. Now is the time to use the billions of dollars governments are spending to support their economies to invest in climate change and social infrastructure for a better future. And the blueprint is in your hands."--

"This volume takes an in-depth look at the economic issue of capital flight and outlines strategic methods to address the problem of international tax evasion and bank secrecy. In order to address these issues, the book explores the development prospects of tax evasion governance and identifies obstacles to the efficiency of current tax policies. In order to overcome the capital flight issue, all lines of attack need to be examined, states the author. There is a need to establish responsibility, to set priorities for action that significantly reduces the incentives for capital outflows of this kind, and to seek international consensus. International tax evasion has undermined the credibility of political and administrative systems. This volume lays the foundation for creating an institutional framework that provides transparency of control systems in the face of the guilty roles of tax evasion actors. This requires an effort of economic intelligence that involves mobilizing statistical resources and exploiting them in order to finely identify deviating situations and risk. Key features of the book: captures the richness and diversity of tax evasion strategies, provides an understanding of the prospects of capital flight policies, identifies the stakeholders' implications‬ in order to provide a global solution to government, develops a rigorous approach to the problem of tax evasion and the capital flight process. Advanced Governing for Capital Flight posits that when combined, the initiatives offered in the volume will be the powerful blow to bank secrecy. Aimed as much at the neophyte as at the insider who questions the tax evasion strategies‬, this book, very ambitious by its specificity, is intended primarily for those who will be called upon to work in the fields of tax evasion and capital flight policies."--

Key concepts, definitions, examples, and historical contexts for understanding smart cities, along with discussions of both drawbacks and benefits of this approach to urban problems. Over the past ten years, urban planners, technology companies, and governments have promoted smart cities with a somewhat utopian vision of urban life made knowable and manageable through data collection and analysis. Emerging smart cities have become both crucibles and showrooms for the practical application of the Internet of Things, cloud computing, and the integration of big data into everyday life. Are smart cities optimized, sustainable, digitally networked solutions to urban problems Or are they neoliberal, corporate-controlled, undemocratic non-places This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series offers a concise introduction to smart cities, presenting key concepts, definitions, examples, and historical contexts, along with discussions of both the drawbacks and the benefits of this approach to urban life. After reviewing current terminology and justifications employed by technology designers, journalists, and researchers, the book describes three models for smart city development--smart-from-the-start cities, retrofitted cities, and social cities--and offers examples of each. It covers technologies and methods, including sensors, public wi-fi, big data, and smartphone apps, and discusses how developers conceive of interactions among the built environment, technological and urban infrastructures, citizens, and citizen engagement. Throughout, the author--who has studied smart cities around the world--argues that smart city developers should work more closely with local communities, recognizing their preexisting relationship to urban place and realizing the limits of technological fixes. Smartness is a means to an end: improving the quality of urban life.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- About the Author -- Preface -- Introduction -- Part I Lessons from the Past: What Cycles Look Like and What Drives Them -- Chapter 1 Riding the Cycle under Very Different Conditions -- Chapter 2 Returns over the Long Run -- Returns over Different Holding Periods -- The Reward for Risk and the Equity Risk Premium -- The Power of Dividends -- Factors That Affect Returns for Investors -- Market Timing -- Valuations and Returns of Equities versus Bonds -- The Impact of Diversification on the Cycle -- Chapter 3 The Equities Cycle: Identifying the Phases -- The Four Phases of the Equity Cycle -- Mini/High-Frequency Cycles within the Investment Cycle -- The Interplay between the Cycle and Bond Yields -- Chapter 4 Asset Returns through the Cycle -- Assets across the Economic Cycle -- Assets across the Investment Cycle -- The Impact of Changes in Bond Yields on Equities -- The Point of the Cycle: Earlier is Better -- The Speed of Adjustment: Slower Is Better -- The Level of Yields: Lower is Better -- Structural Shifts in the Value of Equities and Bonds -- Chapter 5 Investment Styles over the Cycle -- Sectors and the Cycle -- Cyclical versus Defensive Companies -- Value versus Growth Companies -- Value, Growth and Duration -- Part II The Nature and Causes of Bull and Bear Markets: What Triggers Them and What to Look out For -- Chapter 6 Bear Necessities: The Nature and Shape of Bear Markets -- Bear Markets Are Not All the Same -- Cyclical Bear Markets -- Event-Driven Bear Markets -- Structural Bear Markets -- Interest Rate Cuts Have Less Impact on Structural Bear Markets -- Price Shocks: Deflation Is a Common Characteristic -- Belief in a New Era/New Valuations -- High Levels of Debt -- Equity Market Leadership Becoming Narrow -- High Volatility.

Intro -- Preface -- Notes on Orthography -- Praise for The Ecology of Playful Childhood -- Contents -- About the Author -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Extracts -- Part I -- 1 Children in the Wild -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Ethnography of Children and Childcare -- 1.3 Anthropology of Childhood -- 1.4 Overview of This Book -- References -- 2 The Last Hunter-Gatherers of the Kalahari -- 2.1 The San of Southern Africa -- 2.2 Broad Living Area and Low Population Density -- 2.3 Dietary Habits and Food Sharing Based on Hunting and Gathering -- 2.4 Time Budgets and Sense of Time -- 2.5 Low Birthrate and Long Intervals Between Births -- 2.6 The Shift to Sedentary Life and Concentrated Living Arrangements -- 2.6.1 The Juǀ'Hoan -- 2.6.2 The !Xun -- 2.6.3 The Gǀui and Gǁana -- 2.7 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Minding Hunter-Gatherer Childhood -- 3.1 Studies of Mothering and Allomothering Among the Juǀ'hoan -- 3.1.1 The Relationships Between Children and Mothers -- 3.1.2 The Relationships Between Children and Others (Fathers, Other Adults, and Older Children) -- 3.2 The Features of Child Development and Socialization Among the Juǀ'hoan -- 3.3 The Second Wave of Hunter-Gatherer Childhood Studies -- 3.3.1 Focusing on Allomothering -- 3.3.2 Early Weaning and Parent-Offspring Conflict -- 3.3.3 Disciplining Children -- 3.4 Reconsidering the Nature of Human Childrearing -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- Part II -- 4 Children and Play -- 4.1 Playful Activities Among the San Children -- 4.2 Play in the Psychology and Anthropology of Childhood -- 4.2.1 What Is Play? -- 4.2.2 When Do Children Play? -- 4.2.3 Where Do Children Play? -- 4.2.4 What Is Used for Play? -- 4.2.5 Who Participates in Play? -- 4.2.6 What Happens During Play? -- 4.2.7 Why Do Children Play? -- 4.3 The Issues on Play Specific to the San -- 4.4 Conclusion -- References.

Canada has a rich heritage of English-language communication thought. For the first time "Canadian Communication Thought" assembles much of this erudition by introducing and examining the writings of ten foundational scholars: Graham Spry, Harold Innis, John Grierson, Dallas Smythe, C.B. Macpherson, Irene Spry, George Grant, Gertrude Robinson, Northrop Frye, and Marshall McLuhan. The author compares and critiques the thought of these ten sages, relates their writings to their biographies and to the Canadian physical and cultural environment, and compares their work to foundational American communication scholars. He finds that there is indeed a mode of theorizing that is 'quintessentially Canadian.' Compared with the work of foundational American writers, for instance, the Canadian literature is significantly more dialectical, ontological, holistic, and critical; it emphasizes to a much greater extent the impact of communication on social change; and it is more concerned with mediation and the formation and sustenance of culture and community. The Canadian writers are also much more engaged than their American counterparts with the question of power in communication - with what can generally be regarded as matters of political economy.Moreover, the wisdom of these ten experts is invaluable for understanding important issues of our day, for example: globalization, environmental deterioration, rapid technological change in the communication sphere, the erosion of privacy, the diminution of public space, the commodification of information and culture, growing disparities between rich and poor, identity and representation in the media, virtual realities, and the waning of democracy. The communication thought of these ten acclaimed scholars increases awareness of questions we should continually ask, provides important insight into how we can resolve current dilemmas, and invites us to consider possibilities for pursuing freedom, equality, justice, and peace

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Be Proactive: (Problems Do Not Resolve Themselves) -- 1: One Sip -- Presume Nothing: ("No, This Gun Isn't Loaded") -- 2: The Promise -- Be Prepared: (Embrace the Wisdom of the Boy Scouts) -- 3: War -- If It Doesn't Seem Right, It Probably Isn't: (Trust Your Gut) -- 4: The Start-Up -- 20/40/60: (At 20, You Worry Yourself Sick About What People Think of You. At 40, You Say, "The Hell with 'Em." At 60, You Realize They Were Not Thinking About You.) -- 5: My Old Soldier -- Go All In: (Without Commitment and Passion-Which Are Infectious-It Won't Happen) -- 6: Family Business -- Be Afraid: (Today May Be the Day It All Turns to Shit) -- 7: Steambath -- "No battle was ever won by spectators.": -John Le Carré -- 8: Maniacal Patience -- Be Result Oriented: (Nothing Was Built by Performing Tasks) -- 9: The New Frontier -- Find Humility Before It Finds You: (Life Is Coming to Get Us All) -- 10: The 12 Apostles -- Plan Ahead: (If You're in the Far‐Left Lane and You Need to Exit Right in 500 Feet, You May Arrive in the Afterlife Instead of Altoona) -- 11: Bourbon in My Blood -- No News Is Not Good News: (Things Are Just Getting Worse) -- 12: "It Was the Drugs, Tom" -- Follow the Money: (You Will Find the Answers to Life's Questions Along and at the End of the Money Trail) -- 13: Revolver -- Know the Facts: (There Are Such Things and to Know Them Is Power) -- 14: Vows -- Focus on the Task at Hand: (If You Don't Complete What You're Doing Right Now, Nothing Comes Next) -- 15: Finally -- Bulleit Points -- Acknowledgments -- About the Author -- Index -- Supplemental Images -- End User License Agreement.

Examines the most successful institution of social discipline in Reformation Europe: the Consistory of Geneva during the time of John Calvin Created by John Calvin, the Consistory of Geneva was a quasi-tribunal entrusted with enforcing Reformed morality. Comprised of pastors and elders, this body met weekly and summoned people for a wide range of "sinful" behavior, such as drunkenness, dancing, blasphemy, or simply quarrels, and was a far more intrusive institution than the Catholic Inquisition. Among the thousands summoned during Calvin's ministry were a pair of women who were allegedly prophets, boys who skipped catechism to practice martial arts, and a good number of people begging for forgiveness for having renounced Protestantism out of fear of death. This superbly researched book, reflecting author Jeffrey Watt's career-long involvement in the ongoing project of transcribing, editing, and publishing the Consistory records, is the first comprehensive examination of this morals court and provides a window into the reception of the Reformation in the so-called Protestant Rome. Watt examines the role of the Consistory in upholding patriarchy, showing that while Genevan authorities did not have a double standard in prosecuting illicit sexuality, the Consistory exhorted women to obey even violently abusive husbands. He finds also that Calvin and his colleagues vigorously promoted a strong work ethic by censuring people, mostly men, for laziness, and showed a surprising degree of skepticism toward accusations of witchcraft. Finally, Watt demonstrates convincingly that, while the Consistory encountered some resistance, Genevans by and large shared the ideals it promoted and that it enjoyed considerable success in fostering discipline in Genevan society. This book is openly available in digital formats, under Creative Commons license CC BY-NC, thanks to a generous grant from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation.

"A bold blueprint to retool our economy and transform our politics for a zero-carbon future. The IPCC's 2018 report told us in no uncertain terms that the world has just ten years to at least halve our greenhouse gas emissions if we are to have a hope of holding global warming to a 1.5°C increase. Canada is not on a path to meet its greenhouse gas reduction targets, and radical change to the way we live and work must happen at high speed, but how are we ever to do this? Well, we've actually done it before. During the Second World War, Canadians and their government completely remade the economy -- retooling factories, transforming the workforce, and creating common cause among Canadians for the war effort. In A Good War, author and activist Seth Klein looks at the Second World War strategies and shows how they can be repurposed today for a rapid transition. He demonstrates that this change can create jobs and reduce inequality while tackling our climate obligations. From enlisting broad public support to new economic models, and new job creation to investment in green infrastructure, Klein shows us a bold, practical policy plan for a zero-carbon Canada. In a coincidence almost too uncanny, COVID-19 has brought change upon our world that would have been unthinkable a few months ago, change very like what Klein presciently proposes in these pages. It turns out the world can turn on a dime if necessary. Now is the time to use the billions of dollars governments are spending to support their economies to invest in climate change and social infrastructure for a better future. And the blueprint is in your hands."--

'The Internet is broken and Paolo Bory knows how we got here. In a powerful book based on original research, Bory carefully documents the myths, imaginaries, and ideologies that shaped the material and cultural history of the Internet. As important as this book is to understand our shattered digital world, it is essential for those who would fix it.' — Vincent Mosco, author of The Smart City in a Digital World The Internet Myth retraces and challenges the myth laying at the foundations of the network ideologies – the idea that networks, by themselves, are the main agents of social, economic, political and cultural change. By comparing and integrating different sources related to network histories, this book emphasizes how a dominant narrative has extensively contributed to the construction of the Internet myth while other visions of the networked society have been erased from the collective imaginary. The book decodes, analyzes and challenges the foundations of the network ideologies looking at how networks have been imagined, designed and promoted during the crucial phase of the 1990s. Three case studies are scrutinized so as to reveal the complexity of network imaginaries in this decade: the birth of the Web and the mythopoesis of its inventor; and the histories of two Italian networking projects, the infrastructural plan Socrate and the civic network Iperbole, the first to give free Internet access to citizens. The Internet Myth thereby provides a compelling and hidden sociohistorical narrative in order to challenge one of the most powerful myths of our time. This title has been published with the financial assistance of the Fondazione Hilda e Felice Vitali, Lugano, Switzerland.

Since urban processes need models of possible futures (referred to as travelling concepts) to drive their development, this study investigates whether planned-from-scratch smart city Kashiwa-no-ha International Campus Town Initiative can produce such an image with its smart governance approach, that is combined with an urban living lab. Using geographical governance research in relation to urban development processes as a framework, this master's thesis derives its own definition of the fuzzy concept of smart governance within the smart city vision based on a socio-geographical understanding of space, here referred to as Smart Urban Governance. Additionally, a set of indicators for the operationalisation of Smart Urban Governance is designed and applied to the case study. Methodologically, the thesis pursues a qualitative approach and, in this context, carries out a descriptive and normative governance analysis of Kashiwa-no-ha on the basis of the existing literature and empirical surveys conducted by the author. In summary, the strong role of academia in the urban planning context of community-building in Kashiwa-no-ha is exemplary and has led to a collaborative code of conduct between the traditional actors, mediated by a public-private-academic partnership, as well as to co-innovation between the city, developers, and citizens in form of a public-private-people partnership. Although the flagship project successfully addresses a large number of the Smart Urban Governance indicators defined in this context, there is potential for improvement, for example, in terms of participation, transparency, inclusion, and public spaces. Since Kashiwa-no-ha Smart City is still in an implementation phase until 2030, the thesis concludes with a forecast and a recommendation for action based on a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis.

The epic exploration of society, politics, and economics in the twenty-first century through the prism of football, by the critically acclaimed author of The Ball is Round. 'David Goldblatt is not merely the best football historian writing today, he is possibly the best there has ever been' Dominic Sandbrook, Sunday Times In the twenty-first century football is first. First among sports themselves, but it now commands the allegiance, interest and engagement of more people in more places than any other phenomenon. In the three most populous nations on the earth - China, India and the United States where just twenty years ago football existed on the periphery of society - it has now arrived for good. Nations, peoples and neighbourhoods across the globe imagine and invent themselves through playing and following the game. In The Age of Football, David Goldblatt charts football's global cultural ascent, its economic transformation and deep politicisation, taking in prison football in Uganda and amputee football in Angola, the role of football fans in the Arab Spring, the footballing presidencies of Bolivia's Evo Morales and Turkey's Recep Erdogan, China's declared intention to both host and win the World Cup by 2050, as well as the FIFA corruption scandal. Following the intersection of the game with money, power and identity, like no previous sports writer or historian, Goldblatt's sweeping story is remarkable in its scope, breathtaking in its depth of knowledge, and is a brilliantly original perspective of the twenty-first century. It is the account of how football has come to define every facet of our social, economic and cultural lives and at what cost, shaping who we think we are and who we want to be:

'This deeply researched, very well-written and penetrating book will be the standard work on the subject for many years to come' - Andrew Roberts, author of Churchill: Walking with Destiny The Second World War began on 1 September 1939, when German tanks, trucks and infantry crossed the Polish border, and the Luftwaffe began bombing Poland's cities. The Polish army fought bravely but could not withstand an attacker superior in numbers and technology; and when the Red Army invaded from the east - as agreed in the pact Hitler had concluded with Stalin - the country's fate was sealed. Poland was the first to fight the German aggressor; it would be the first to suffer the full murderous force of Nazi persecution. By the end of the Second World War, one in five of its people had perished.The Polish campaign is the forgotten story of the Second World War. Despite prefacing many of that conflict's later horrors - the wanton targeting of civilians, indiscriminate bombing and ethnic cleansing - it is little understood, and most of what we think we know about it is Nazi propaganda, such as the myth of Polish cavalry charging German tanks with their lances. In truth, Polish forces put up a spirited defence, in the expectation that they would be assisted by their British and French allies. That assistance never came. First to Fight is the first history of the Polish war for almost half a century. Drawing on letters, memoirs and diaries by generals and politicians, soldiers and civilians from all sides, Roger Moorhouse's dramatic account of the military events is entwined with a tragic human story of courage and suffering, and a dark tale of diplomatic betrayal.

For seventeen years, as part of his daily writerly routine, the author and naturalist Mark Cocker has taken a two-mile walk down to the river from his cottage on the edge of the Norfolk Broads National Park. Over the course of those 10,000 daily paces he has learnt the art of patience to observe a butterfly, a bird, flower, bee, deer, otter or fly and to take pleasure in all the other inhabitants of his parish, no matter how seemingly insignificant. In turn these encounters have then been converted into literary epiphanies that are now a widely celebrated part of his work. In A Claxton Diary he has gathered some of the finest short essays that he has ever written on wildlife. They range over almost everything he can see, touch or smell, from the minute to the cosmic, from a strange micromoth called yellow-barred longhorn to that fiercest of winter storms the so-called 'Beast from the East'. Here also are blackbirds at their dawn chorus, or owls ghosting down the dykes at last light. Here are unwedded queen ants pouring out of the pavement cracks for their nuptial flights, or a garden cross spider spraying a bumblebee with jets of silk that are, gram for gram, stronger than tensile steel. From the marvellous to the macabre, Cocker tries to capture nature without flinching and in its entirety. In so doing he provides us with a vision of an English country parish that for intimacy and precise detail is comparable with Gilbert White's diary on Selbourne. Above all he reminds us that we are all just members of one miraculous family, fashioned from sunlight and the dust from old stars