Suchergebnisse

The following debate took place on March 22, 2019 at the Warsaw School of Economics. The content of the Study on Spatial Chaos report provided the framework for the discussion. Its authors estimated the cost of spatial chaos at PLN 84.3 billion per year. They indicated the main mechanisms leading to the occurrence of this phenomenon.

Reserved contracts are a legal instrument that allows the promotion of those economic operators who, as part of their business, pursue also social goals. Pursuant to Article 22 (2) of the Act of 29 January 2004 – Public Procurement Law (Journal of Laws 2018, item 1986 as amended), they may only be applied for by sheltered workshops and other economic operators whose activities include the social and professional integration of members of socially marginalised groups. Unfortunately, the use of reserved contracts is in practice marginal, which is also caused by difficulties in interpretation of national laws. The article discusses the institution of reserved contracts and the terms of application thereof, in the context of the EU legislation. ; Zamówienia zastrzeżone są prawnym instrumentem pozwalającym promować tych wykonawców, którzy w ramach prowadzonej działalności realizują także cele społeczne. O ich udzielenie, na gruncie art. 22 ust. 2 ustawy z dnia 29 stycznia 2004 r. – Prawo zamówień publicznych (Dz.U. 2018, poz. 1986 z późn. zm.), mogą ubiegać się wyłącznie zakłady pracy chronionej oraz inni wykonawcy, których działalność obejmuje społeczną i zawodową integrację osób będących członkami grup społecznie marginalizowanych. Niestety, zastosowanie zamówień zastrzeżonych w praktyce jest marginalne, czemu sprzyjają także trudności interpretacyjne przepisów krajowych. W artykule została omówiona instytucja zamówień zastrzeżonych oraz warunki jej zastosowania w kontekście regulacji prawa unijnego.

The objective of this paper is to show the geopolitical dimension
of the TSI from a French point of view. The author presents the TSI implementation process, characterises Poland's rivalry with Germany and Russia in a historical context, emphasizes the important role of Germany in the entire project, and reviews Russia's attitude towards the region. The article includes numerous maps made by the author.

The article presents an analysis of the legal status, organization and powers of the special services of the Republic of Estonia. The author presents the mission and tasks of the Estonian Internal Security Service (Kaitsepolitsei), the Estonian Foreign Intelligence Service (Välisluureamet) and the Military Intelligence Centre (Luurekeskus). The article show the historical aspect of the Estonian special services and their location in the structure of state organs responsible for national security. In addition, the author presents a surveillance system on the activities of intelligence and counterintelligence services.

Social engineering is the same concept as the concept of social engineering and related to manipulation and disinformation. Review of Christopher Hadnagy's book Social engineering – the art of gaining power over minds is, according to the principles of art, a set of subjective assessments by the author. These assessments relate first to the impressions of reading, and are supported by their own critical image of the world in which social engineering is applied in the everyday life of each of us. The author of the review points out that the position has an application value, because a higher level of awareness and knowledge on a given topic translates easily into the individual's safety.

The author of the book raises the problem of fast automation of production and the crisis of capitalism. He analyzes the space of possibilities and wonders about the vision of the future, presenting two utopias and two antiutopias.

Civil dialogue has an impact on the quality of public policy, in the online form it allows direct influence of stakeholders on the process of formulation and its implementation. It is also a new quality in the process of evaluating public policy. Civil dialogue is usually understood as a process of communication between the state authority and non-governmental organizations, but the author of the article indicates that it is possible to conduct civil dialogue in a direct way with citizens through social media. He presents the results of research aimed at verifying the use of social media by the authorities in order to establish a dialogue with citizens. The research consisted in measuring and analyzing communication conducted by selected Polish voivodeship cities on the Twitter social network. The author points out the characteristic styles of communication that can be interpreted from the perspective of civil dialogue.

Autor omawia przykłady aktualnego stanu kulturalno-literackiej współpracy narodu polskiego i uzbeckiego. Jego zdaniem w dobie globalizacji elity twórcze czują potrzebę stałego dialogu i wzajemnych powiązań różnych państw i całego świata w ogóle, czego przykładem są stosunki między Polską i Uzbekistanem, a przejawem między innymi przekłady literatury. Autor zwraca uwagę, że przekład poezji wymaga od tłumacza dużej wiedzy ogólnej, powinien on także dysponować wiedzą w zakresie ogólnego kontekstu kulturowego. ; The author discusses the examples of the current status of cultural and literary cooperation between the Polish and Uzbek nations. In his opinion, in the period of globalization, creative elites feel a need for a permanent dialogue and mutual links, between different states and on a global scale, as exemplified by Polish-Uzbekistani relations expressed in terms of translations of literature, among other things. The author emphasises that translating poetry calls for the translator's comprehensive general knowledge, encompassing also the awareness of the general cultural context.

The author analyses the selected mechanisms in the spatial (planning) policy as well as its outcomes. He points out at the sources of complexity within this area, patterns of order and chaos. His hypothesis claims that unsatisfactory results come from the low level of the state's governability in the area of policy formulation, implementation and evaluation. It also derives from inadequate institutional and analytical potential. As a consequence, public institutions are not able to use the regulatory instruments in an adequate way as well as to pay a proper attention to the policy analysis, including the consequences and long-term effects of spatial chaos. According to the author, cultural background seems to be important while trying to understand the state's problems in the area of spatial policy. It leads to the fact that spatial issues are rather lower on the public agenda among other public concerns (like economic or developmental goals).

Celem jest zaprezentowanie stosunku prezydentów RP na uchodźstwie do obchodów świąt narodowych, jak rocznica uchwalenia Konstytucji 3 maja 1791 r. czy odzyskania niepodległości 11 XI 1918 r. Autor podsumował cele oraz sposoby świętowania przez głowy państwa w latach 1939–1990. Uwzględnione zostały medialne echa tych poczynań. W efekcie udało się uchwycić specyfikę obchodów w kolejnych kadencjach. Autor stawia tezę o istotnym ich znaczeniu nie tylko dla podtrzymania polskości na obczyźnie, ale także dla gry politycznej w wymiarze wewnętrznym i na arenie międzynarodowej. The aim of the study is to present the attitude of the Polish presidents in exile to the celebration of national holidays, such as the anniversary of the Constitution of 3 May 1791, or Regaining Independence on 11 November 1918. The author summarises the goals and ways of celebrating these occasions by Polish heads of state in 1939–1990, with taking into account media echoes of these celebrations. As a result, he has been able to capture the specificity of the celebrations in subsequent office terms. The author puts forward a thesis about their significant importance not only for maintaining Polishness abroad, but also for the political game both in the country and on the international arena. ; Celem jest zaprezentowanie stosunku prezydentów RP na uchodźstwie do obchodów świąt narodowych, jak rocznica uchwalenia Konstytucji 3 maja 1791 r. czy odzyskania niepodległości 11 XI 1918 r. Autor podsumował cele oraz sposoby świętowania przez głowy państwa w latach 1939–1990. Uwzględnione zostały medialne echa tych poczynań. W efekcie udało się uchwycić specyfikę obchodów w kolejnych kadencjach. Autor stawia tezę o istotnym ich znaczeniu nie tylko dla podtrzymania polskości na obczyźnie, ale także dla gry politycznej w wymiarze wewnętrznym i na arenie międzynarodowej. The aim of the study is to present the attitude of the Polish presidents in exile to the celebration of national holidays, such as the anniversary of the Constitution of 3 May 1791, or Regaining Independence on 11 November 1918. The author summarises the goals and ways of celebrating these occasions by Polish heads of state in 1939–1990, with taking into account media echoes of these celebrations. As a result, he has been able to capture the specificity of the celebrations in subsequent office terms. The author puts forward a thesis about their significant importance not only for maintaining Polishness abroad, but also for the political game both in the country and on the international arena.

Celem jest zaprezentowanie stosunku prezydentów RP na uchodźstwie do obchodów świąt narodowych, jak rocznica uchwalenia Konstytucji 3 maja 1791 r. czy odzyskania niepodległości 11 XI 1918 r. Autor podsumował cele oraz sposoby świętowania przez głowy państwa w latach 1939–1990. Uwzględnione zostały medialne echa tych poczynań. W efekcie udało się uchwycić specyfikę obchodów w kolejnych kadencjach. Autor stawia tezę o istotnym ich znaczeniu nie tylko dla podtrzymania polskości na obczyźnie, ale także dla gry politycznej w wymiarze wewnętrznym i na arenie międzynarodowej. The aim of the study is to present the attitude of the Polish presidents in exile to the celebration of national holidays, such as the anniversary of the Constitution of 3 May 1791, or Regaining Independence on 11 November 1918. The author summarises the goals and ways of celebrating these occasions by Polish heads of state in 1939–1990, with taking into account media echoes of these celebrations. As a result, he has been able to capture the specificity of the celebrations in subsequent office terms. The author puts forward a thesis about their significant importance not only for maintaining Polishness abroad, but also for the political game both in the country and on the international arena. ; Celem jest zaprezentowanie stosunku prezydentów RP na uchodźstwie do obchodów świąt narodowych, jak rocznica uchwalenia Konstytucji 3 maja 1791 r. czy odzyskania niepodległości 11 XI 1918 r. Autor podsumował cele oraz sposoby świętowania przez głowy państwa w latach 1939–1990. Uwzględnione zostały medialne echa tych poczynań. W efekcie udało się uchwycić specyfikę obchodów w kolejnych kadencjach. Autor stawia tezę o istotnym ich znaczeniu nie tylko dla podtrzymania polskości na obczyźnie, ale także dla gry politycznej w wymiarze wewnętrznym i na arenie międzynarodowej. The aim of the study is to present the attitude of the Polish presidents in exile to the celebration of national holidays, such as the anniversary of the Constitution of 3 May 1791, or Regaining Independence on 11 November 1918. The author summarises the goals and ways of celebrating these occasions by Polish heads of state in 1939–1990, with taking into account media echoes of these celebrations. As a result, he has been able to capture the specificity of the celebrations in subsequent office terms. The author puts forward a thesis about their significant importance not only for maintaining Polishness abroad, but also for the political game both in the country and on the international arena.

The article discusses the experience of creation of peacekeeping missions in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Eastern Slavonia, Kosovo and East Timor with the use of comparative method. It also raises the role of international and regional actors in post-conflict peacebuilding. The author presents some practical solutions for the implementation of the effective peace process in eastern Ukraine, aimed at the reintegration of temporarily occupied territories.

Nasheeds outpace the era of Internet and Youtube. Jihadist poetry in the Islamist hymns can be seen as an extension of the 19th-century anticolonial style of poetry called qaseeda. Presented article shows that nasheeds were not always a significant element in the jihadi culture. The increase of their role was observed quite recently, after the outbreak of the "Arab Spring". This article is a case study. It attempts to fill a gap in research on the IS's propaganda materials. The major objective of this article is to investigate the phenomenon of jihadist naseeds, including their role in the 'jihadi culture'. The author seeks to answer to the question whether the presented facts may indicate the increase in their role occurred with the transfer of IS' activities to cyberspace and whether it will be intensified in the future. The article takes into account historical conditions, briefly describing the genesis of the naseeds and their proliferation after the events of the "Arab Spring". Then, using systemic analysis, the author presents their role in the activities of the Islamic State. In addition, theoretical and empirical research methods, such as: scientific literature analysis, case analysis, content analysis, classification, generalization were taken to solve the research problem.

Na przestrzeni ostatnich dwóch dekad możemy obserwować wyraźny wzrost znaczenia regionalnych i etnicznych tożsamości, prowadzący do powstawania coraz większej liczby ugrupowań etnoregionalnych i regionalnych. Mimo to – podobnie jak w przypadku wielu innych, istotnych i aktualnych współcześnie zjawisk społecznych – zdania badaczy w kwestii przyczyn reetnicyzacji systemów partyjnych, funkcjonowania partii etnoregionalnych, ich typów czy relacji z demokracją pozostają podzielone. Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie toczącej się w tym zakresie dyskusji oraz zaprezentowanie na jej tle wstępnych wyników badań dotyczących funkcjonowania wybranych ugrupowań etnoregionalnych w Serbii i Chorwacji. ; The author carries out an analysis of the functioning of ethnoregionalist parties in Serbia and Croatia in relation to the theoretical principles presented in the paper and pertaining to the activities of ethnoregionalist parties (ERP). The paper aims to shed some light on the discussion on this topic and present the results of preliminary research into the functioning of selected ethnoregionlist groups in these two countries. The author believes that parties of this kind are changing both their postulates and strategies. Changes to the strategies of ethnoregionalist parties are significantly influenced by the policy of the state towards the minorities that reside in its territory and the policy of their respective native states.