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"Robert William Sandford's latest RMB manifesto invites the reader to separate the hype from the hope with respect to the outcomes of the 2015 Paris climate conference and in relation to humanity's dangerous new era--the Anthropocene. In responding to the urgency--and the opportunity--of getting sustainable development right, the United Nations engaged in numerous program announcements and international conversations during the final months of 2015. Most notable were the Climate Change Conference of Parties (COP21) in Paris and the long anticipated launch of Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Among the many other indicators of quickening public awareness of climate issues, these two illustrate that sustainability and climate change are two sides of the same coin: in order to make any headway on the one, we must also deal with the other. Both affect all of humanity, and North America is something of a test case. North America in the Anthropocene maintains that human beings have entered a new historical epoch--the Anthropocene--in which our own economic activity has reached such planetary scale and power that we can no longer count on Earth's natural systems and functions to absorb negative human impacts on landscape and biodiversity. Whether we like it or not, we have to assume responsibility for staying within Earth-system boundaries. Climate stability is only one of those boundaries, but it is a critical one. This book attempts to address the question of why, when we clearly know the enormous risks we face, we are still not doing what is necessary to prevent climate disaster. The author introduces contemporary thinking by leading philosophers, ethicists and social scientists who do not believe that more information and greater individual thoughtfulness are necessarily going to be adequate to penetrate the thick skin of the status quo when it comes to addressing the climate threat. Rather, we need to better understand human nature and organizational inclinations and squarely face habits of collective thought that are holding us back from action. We also need to be frank about the ways in which disaster provides opportunity for rapid change in established public mindsets. The central tenet of this book is that what we as a society are facing is nothing less than a struggle to redefine our entire dominant mythology. If we want to survive and prosper in the Anthropocene, we will have to invent--and continuously reinvent--a ne ...

This book is the 2nd edition of the Economics of the International Coal Trade. Coal is the single most important source of power on our planet and today accounts for 40% of electricity generation and 30% of primary energy. The world's appetite for energy is still far from being met. Until 2050, an additional 6+ billion people will require access to proper power. "Why Coal Continues to Power the World" introduces the reader to the global coal business; its importance; its source; its global demand, supply and trade; its use; its environmental impact; and its future. Despite recent price hikes, coal does not appear to be a popular subject today, which may explain the little attention it receives in the scientific community. Since writing the first edition during the commodity super cycle in 2006-2008, the world has changed. How has this impacted the global world of coal? This book is useful to energy economists, businessmen, politicians, university professors, high school teachers, students and anyone with an interest in how the world is powered. It is also helpful to anyone studying climate change and global warming. This new edition of the book includes previously not covered special sections on: * Coal analysis and sampling with a special section on moisture * A technical summary of all key coking coal characteristics in Appendix 2 * Coking coal, iron ore and the steel industry * Cement and petcoke markets * Global gas markets and the shale gas revolution in the US * Nuclear energy and the history of the oil market * Renewable energy and the German "Energiewende" * Power plant technology and CO2 sequestration and processing * The role of CO2 and why man-made CO2 does not cause global warming Apart from giving an in-depth overview of the global coal business, in this book the author argues that coal is far from "dead". Some of my key messages are contrary to popular beliefs: (1) The importance of coal will further increase in absolute and likely even in relative terms for decades to come. (2) Man-made CO2 has no effect on global temperatures and combustion of fossil fuels does not influence the weather. (3) We cannot stop the advance of coal, we can only make this process as environmentally sustainable as humanly possible. Therefore, mankind needs to embrace coal as the "bridge" from the Oil Age to the Solar Age (through the "New Energy Revolution"). (4) Industrialized nations have to invest in coal and in all means to more efficientl ...

Coastal Hazards in Bangladesh: Non-Structural and Structural Solutionsprovides a review of the study of Bangladesh's coastal region, an area whose location and physical geography present the prefect microcosm for the study of coastal hazards and for the development of tactics that are applicable to regions around the world. The book presents engineers, scientists, and planners with the necessary tools and planning solutions used to combat coastal vulnerabilities in Bangladesh. Divided into seven chapters, it begins with a critical overview of cyclone and storm surge disasters, focusing on both engineering responses and public preparedness programs to such events. In addition, engineering recommendations are provided for further reduction of their impacts, such as erosion, accretion, and land subsidence, and numerical models are introduced to assess flood induced hazard and risk, flood-induced design loads, and how to intervene in protecting key installations, infrastructures, and communities.Provides engineers, scientists, and planners with the necessary tools and planning solutions they need to address the coastal vulnerabilities presented by floods, cyclones, and storm surgeIncludes engineering recommendations on how to reduce coastal hazards and their impactExplores the topic of sea level rise and the effect of salt water intrusion on fresh water and the surrounding soilExamines land uses in the coastal zones, their trend, and their effects on coastal zones Bimal Kanti Paul, Ph.D. (Kent State University, Ohio, USA) is a Professor of Geography at Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA, where he has been teaching for last 26 years. He specializes in geography of environmental hazards and disasters, health/medical geography, population geography, and quantitative analysis in geography. Dr. Paul has a very impressive publication record - to date he has published 91 papers in nearly 40 referred journals, two books (one co-author with Harun Rashid), 25 book chapters, 17 book reviews, and 32 other papers. Most of these publications are the outcomes of externally funded research grants, including three from the National Science Foundation (NSF). In four different times, Dr. Paul received fellowships from the American Institute of Bangladesh Studies (AIBS). He was immediate past editor of the Geographical Review, a publication of the American Geographical Society (AGS). Prior to that, he was book review editor of The Professional Geographer, a quarterly journal of the American Association of Geographers (AAG). He is currently a member of the editorial boards of several professional journals, including The AAG Review of Books. He also served a member of the Editorial Board of several professional social science journals.

Preface: Turning Nothing Into Something is God Work': Holiness and Hurt in the Hood, Michael Eric Dyson (University of Georgetown, USA) -- Introduction: Context and Other Considerations, Anthony B. Pinn (Rice University, USA) & Monica R. Miller (Lehigh University, USA) -- Part 1: Hip Hop on Religion as/for the Embodied Self. 1. Searching for Self: Religion and the Creative Quest for Self in the Art of Erykah Badu, Margarita Simon-Guillory (University of Rochester, USA) ; 2. Methods for the Prophetic: Tupac Shakur, Lauryn Hill, and the Case for Ethnolifehistory, Daniel White-Hodge (North Park University, USA) ; 3. Existentialist Transvaluation and Hip-Hop's Syncretic Religiosity, Julius D. Bailey (Wittenberg University, USA) ; 4. God Complex, Complex gods, or God's Complex? Jay Z, Poor Black Youth, and Making 'The Struggle' Divine, Michael Eric Dyson (Georgetown University, USA) -- Part 2: Hip Hop on Religion and the 'Other'. 5. A PARTICULAR PAC: Ontological Ruptures and the Posthumous Presence of Tupac Shakur, James Braxton Peterson (Lehigh University, USA) ; 6. *iRoamThruZones* Follow Me! #NOWTHATSRELIGIONANDHIPHOP: Mapping the Terrain of Religion and Hip Hop in Cyberspace, Elonda Clay, Archivist and Digital Librarian (Philander Smith College, USA) & Ph.D. Candidate (VU University, The Netherlands) ; 7. Mapping Space and Place in the Analysis of Hip Hop and Religion: Houston As An Example, Maco L. Faniel, author of Hip Hop in Houston: The Origin and the Legacy (Houston, Texas, USA) ; 8. Imperial Whiteness Meets Hip-Hop Blackness: A Spiritual Phenomenology of the Hegemonic Body in 21st Century USA, James W. Perkinson (Ecumenical Theological Seminary, USA) ; 9. Bun B on Religion and Hip Hop, Bernard "Bun B" Freeman (Rice University, USA) -- Part 3: Approaches to Religion in Hip Hop on the Margins. 10. Hip Hop and Humanism: Thinking Against New (and Old) Fundamentalisms, Greg Dimitriadis (University at Buffalo, SUNY, USA,) ; 11. Conspiracy is the Sincerest Form of Flattery: Hip-Hop, Aesthetics, and Suspicious Spiritualities, John L. Jackson, Jr. (University of Pennsylvania, USA) ; 12. Constructing Constellations: Frankfurt School, Lupe Fiasco, and the Promise of Weak Redemption, Joseph Winters (UNC Charlotte, USA) ; 13. Zombies in the 'Hood: Rap Music, Camusian Absurdity, and the Structuring of Death, Anthony B. Pinn (Rice University, USA) ; 14. Real Recognize Real: Aporetic Flows and the Presence of New Black Godz in Hip Hop, Monica R. Miller (Lehigh University, USA) -- Concluding Thoughts: The Future of the Study of Religion in/and Hip Hop, Monica R. Miller (Lehigh University, USA) & Anthony B. Pinn (Rice University, USA) -- Afterword: An Insider Perspective, Bernard 'Bun B' Freeman (Rice University, USA).

Enhance learners' interest and understanding with visual design for instructional and information productsNo matter what medium you use to deliver content, if the visual design fails, the experience falls flat. Meaningful graphics and a compelling visual design supercharge instruction, training, and presentations, but this isn't easy to accomplish. Now you can conquer your design fears and knowledge gaps with Visual Design Solutions: a resource for learning professionals seeking to raise the bar on their graphics and visual design skills. This informal and friendly book guides you through the process and principles used by professional graphic designers. It also presents creative solutions and examples that you can start using right away. Anyone who envisions, designs, or creates instructional or informational graphics will benefit from the design strategies laid out in this comprehensive resource.Written by Connie Malamed, an art educator and instructional designer, this book will help you tap into your creativity, design with intention, and produce polished work. Whereas most graphic design books focus on logos, packaging, and brochures, Visual Design Solutionsfocuses on eLearning, presentations, and performance support. Visual Design Solutionsincludes practical guidelines for making smart design choices, ways to create professional-looking products, and principles for successful graphics that facilitate learning. Ideal for instructional designers, trainers, presenters, and professors who want to advance from haphazard to intentional design, this book will help them realize their design potential.Gain the knowledge and confidence to design impressive, effective visuals for learningIncrease learner comprehension and retention with visual strategies offered by an expert authorServes as a reference and a resource, with a wealth of examples for inspiration and ideasAddresses an intimidating topic in an informal, friendly styleIn four parts, the book provides a thorough overview of the design process and design concepts; explores space, image, and typography; and presents workable solutions for your most persistent and puzzling design problems. Get started and begin creating captivating graphics for your learners. CONNIE MALAMEDconsults, writes, and speaks in the fields of online learning, visual communication, and information design, through her company, Connie Malamed Consulting. She has more than 20 years of experience designing learning and visual solutions for nonprofit organizations, higher education, government, and businesses. She is the author of Visual Language for Designers,the publisher of heelearningcoach.com, and the creator of Instructional Design Guru, a mobile reference app for instructional design. With degrees in art education and instructional design, Malamed energetically pursues ways to improve instructional and information graphics. You can connect with her on Twitter at @elearningcoach.

This book highlights the indispensability of minerals, the vulnerability of humans and issues faced by governments around the world regarding the management of natural resources. It addresses the growing land-ecology-mining conflicts, energy security and water policies of different countries bringing these issues into focus and critically analyzing them. The book discusses the role of governments regarding the security-centric issues pertaining to sustainability of mineral supply and the welfare-centric aspects of sustainable development of mineral resources. The latter includes the current trends for corporate social responsibility, political viability of mining projects, industrial ethics, human health and human resource development. The Annexure I is unique: It is a list of 925 familiar consumer products and processes with the names of the minerals, metals and rocks as well as the intermediate chemicals and alloys that go into the making of that product or process alongside each. Annexure II is an up-to-date, exhaustive list of about 835 minerals, metals, rocks and intermediate chemicals and alloys and against each of them is a list of the names of the end products and processes for which they are used. These two annexures will serve as a day-to-day reference source for teachers, students and professionals concerned with minerals as well as other interested readers. The book will be useful to any university/institution with undergraduate and post-graduate teaching/research facilities and libraries in the field of geology, mining, mineral economics, planning and natural-resource management. About the Author Kaulir Kisor Chatterjee studied Applied Geology at the Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad for his post-graduate and PhD degrees. He served in the Indian Bureau of Mines for over three decades and retired in early 2004, as Chief Mineral Economist. Post-retirement, he has occupied himself mostly with writing, teaching and lecturing in various institutions of repute in India on the subject of mineral economics. Besides 50 technical papers, he has authored eight books. He has worked in various Government committees and expert groups and was involved in organization of national mineral inventory; UN Framework Classification system of mineral resources; rationalisation of the mineral taxation, royalty and mineral legislation framework in India. He has been examiner and member of selection boards of UPSC, India and is also a recognised guide of the Nagpur University for doctoral research. His resume has been included in the Marquis Who Is Who of the World and in the 2000 Outstanding Intellectuals of the 21st Century, Cambridge.

Between 1915 and 1941, Tagore (1861-1941) and Gandhi (1869-1948) differed and argued about many things of personal, national, and international significance---satyagraha, non-cooperation, the boycott and burning of foreign cloth, the efficacy of fasting as a means of resistance and Gandhi's mantra connecting 'swaraj' and 'charkha'. The author tracks the development of this dialogue and argues that the debate was about more fundamental issues, such as the nature of truth and swaraj/freedom and the possibilities of untruth that Tagore saw in Gandhi's movements for truth and freedom. Puri shows that the differences between the two men's perspectives came from differently negotiated relationships to (and understandings of) tradition and modernity. Tagore was part of the Bengal renaissance and powerfully influenced by the idea that the Enlightenment consisted in the freedom of the individual to reason for herself. Gandhi, on the other hand, remained close to the Indian philosophical tradition which linked individual freedom to moral progress. Puri points out that Tagore cannot, however, be unreflectively assimilated to the Enlightenment project of Western modernity, for he came fairly close to Gandhi in rejecting the anthropocentricism of modernity and shared Gandhi's belief in an enchanted cosmos. The only single-authored volume on the Tagore-Gandhi debate, this book is a welcome addition to the existing literature. Bindu Puriis an associate professor with the Department of Philosophy, University of Delhi, Delhi, India. She has been interested in issues in political philosophy, moral philosophy, and modern Indian philosophy. She has published six books, including one monograph, entitled Gandhi and the Moral Life. She has edited Mahatma Gandhi and His Contemporariesand co-edited two volumes on the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, entitled Reason, Morality and Beauty, and Terror, Peace and Universalism, published by Oxford University Press. She has recently co-edited a special issue of IIC Quarterly on Living with Religious Diversity(April 2014). She has published about 35 articles, including book reviews, in philosophical and interdisciplinary journals of international repute, including articles in Sophia, Philosophia and the Journal of Indian Council of Philosophical Research, some of which are: The Self and the Other: Liberalism and Gandhi(Philosophia, Vol. 39[4], 2011); Freedom and the Dynamics of the Self and the 'Other': Re-constructing the Debate between Tagore and Gandhi(Sophia 52[2], 2013); and Finding Reasons for Being Reasonable: Interrogating Rawls(Sophia 2014). Professor Puri has presented many papers in national and international seminars and has delivered several invited lectures in universities in India and abroad.

This volume addresses the creation, documentation, preservation, and study of the archaeology of lunar, planetary, and interstellar exploration. It defines the attributes of common human technological expressions within national and, increasingly, private exploration efforts, and explore the archaeology of both fixed and mobile artifacts in the solar system and the wider galaxy. This book presents the research of the foremost scholars in the field of space archaeology and heritage, a recent discipline of the field of Space Archaeology and Heritage. It provides the emerging archaeological perspective on the history of the human exploration of space. Since humans have been creating a vast archaeological preserve in space and on other celestial bodies. This assemblage of heritage objects and sites attest to the human presence off the Earth and the study of these material remains are best investigated by archaeologists and historic preservationists. As space exploration has reached the half century mark, it is the appropriate time to reflect on the major events and technological development of this particular unique 20th century arena of human history. The authors encapsulate various ways of looking at the archaeology of both fixed and mobile human artifacts in the solar system. As missions continue into space, and as private ventures gear up for public and tourist visits to space and to the Moon and even Mars, it is the appropriate time to address questions about the meaning and significance of this material culture. B.L. O'Leary is a professor in the Department of Anthropology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM. From 2003 - 2011 she has served as the Governor appointed vice chair of the Cultural Properties Review Committee. For the last 12 years she has been involved with the cultural heritage of outer space and the preservation of sites related to space exploration. A recipient of a grant from the New Mexico Space Grant Consortium (NASA), she investigated both the archaeological assemblage and the international heritage status of the Apollo 11 Tranquility Base site on the Moon.P.J. Capelotti is associate professor of anthropology at Penn State University Abington College. Author of more than a dozen books, his archaeological research has taken him several times to Svalbard and Franz Josef Land and twice to the North Pole. The U.S. Coast Guard decorated him with the Arctic Service Medal and twice with the Meritorious Service Medal.

Few books in computing have had as profound an influence on software management as Peopleware . The unique insight of this longtime best seller is that the major issues of software development are human, not technical. They're not easy issues; but solve them, and you'll maximize your chances of success. " Peopleware has long been one of my two favorite books on software engineering. Its underlying strength is its base of immense real experience, much of it quantified. Many, many varied projects have been reflected on and distilled; but what we are given is not just lifeless distillate, but vivid examples from which we share the authors' inductions. Their premise is right: most software project problems are sociological, not technological. The insights on team jelling and work environment have changed my thinking and teaching. The third edition adds strength to strength." - Frederick P. Brooks, Jr., Kenan Professor of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Author of The Mythical Man-Month and The Design of Design " Peopleware is the one book that everyone who runs a software team needs to read and reread once a year. In the quarter century since the first edition appeared, it has become more important, not less, to think about the social and human issues in software development. This is the only way we're going to make more humane, productive workplaces. Buy it, read it, and keep a stock on hand in the office supply closet." -Joel Spolsky, Co-founder, Stack Overflow "When a book about a field as volatile as software design and use extends to a third edition, you can be sure that the authors write of deep principle, of the fundamental causes for what we readers experience, and not of the surface that everyone recognizes. And to bring people, actual human beings, into the mix! How excellent. How rare. The authors have made this third edition, with its additions, entirely terrific." -Lee Devin and Rob Austin, Co-authors of The Soul of Design and Artful Making For this third edition, the authors have added six new chapters and updated the text throughout, bringing it in line with today's development environments and challenges. For example, the book now discusses pathologies of leadership that hadn't previously been judged to be pathological; an evolving culture of meetings; hybrid teams made up of people from seemingly incompatible generations; and a growing awareness that some of our most common tools are more like anc...

The book investigates the role of law and legal experts in the organisational dynamics of a population, demonstrating that law is a stable practice among those who (in virtue of the special knowledge they master) are called upon to select the 'normative facts' of a population, i.e. the interactional standards that are proclaimed as binding for the entire population by the publicly recognised legal experts (whose peremptory judgments can be only revised by peers). It proposes an integration of the recent research outcomes achieved in three different areas of study: legal positivism, legal institutionalism and legal pluralism and examines the notions of rule, coercion, institution, practice elaborated by significant theorists in the mentioned areas and illumine both their merits and flaws. Furthermore it advances a notion of law and a description of the legal field which are able to account for the nature of the legal filed as the cradle of the social order. new back cover copy: In an era characterized by a streaking global pluralism, the collapse of many state agencies, the emergence of multiple sources of law, and the rise of informal justice, the idea of a unitary and homogenous legal system seems old-fashioned. But philosophers, sociologists and anthropologists still hold many debates on the nature of law and its function, which is that law represents an institution that characterizes any orderly social context of human beings, and this book plunges into the center of those debates. Self-sufficiency of Law: A Critical-institutional Theory of Social Order investigates the role of law and legal experts in the organizational dynamics of a population. It demonstrates that law is a stable practice among those who are called upon to select the "normative facts" of a population, that is, the interactional standards that are proclaimed as binding for the entire population by the publicly recognized legal experts. To do this, the author proposes an integration of the recent research outcomes achieved in three different areas of study—legal positivism, legal institutionalism and legal pluralism. He examines the notions of rule, coercion, institution and practice elaborated on by significant theorists in these fields, highlighting both the merits and flaws and ultimately advancing a notion of law and a description of the legal field which are able to account for the nature of the legal field as the cradle of social order. This text covers key guidelines for empirical research and political activities in Western and non-Western countries.

Among the first books to focus on physician engagement during a Lean effort, Sustaining Lean in Healthcare: Developing and Engaging Physician Leadership explains how to ensure ongoing physician participation long after the consultant leaves. Dr. Michael Nelson, an early adopter of Lean in healthcare, explains how to use these synergic tools to achieve consistently high levels of quality and clinical care outcomes. The book begins with a Lean primer that provides a firm foundation in essential Lean concepts--including value stream maps, 6S, Kanban, Heijunka, and Gemba Walks. Next, it examines how to create a physician engagement plan and covers the specific responsibilities of physician leadership through the Lean transformation. Explaining what to look for when judging success, it provides numerous examples that demonstrate how to sustain success over the long term. Complete with tips for spotting the danger signs that might indicate your plan is off course, this book details time-tested techniques and strategies for reducing waste in healthcare. It supplies a methodology for establishing shared expectations of success with your medical team early on in the process, as well as a proven framework for simultaneous Lean deployment across multiple locations. Praise for the book: In this book , Dr. Nelson draws on his forty years of medical practice and his experience as an early adopter of Lean for healthcare, to identify a crucial piece to aligning healthcare organizations for success; Physician Engagement. ... Healthcare executives and clinicians will appreciate and learn from Dr. Nelson's insight.--Robert Iversen, Director, Accenture Management Consulting ...Instead of writing another how-to book, Mike has taken the opportunity to provide insights that are sure to help any healthcare organization sustain the impact of its Lean engagement.--Rick Malik, Worldwide Director, ValuMetrix ® Services, Ortho Clinical Diagnostics ... provides realistic estimates of timelines for projects, expected satisfaction, quality, and financial paybacks, as well as the time commitments required for Lean healthcare initiatives to become durable successes.--David Mann, PhD, Principal, David Mann Lean Consulting ... simplifies and organizes the steps needed to effectively and successfully take advantage of the significant contributions Lean management can make ... .--Edward D. Martin, MD, Co-Founder and Chairman Emeritus, Martin Blanck & Associates, Inc. Lean has become a critical predictor of successful systems going forward. Sustaining Lean in Healthcare is the book to get this done.--Stephen C. Beeson MD, Author of Engaging Physicians, A Manual to Physician Partnership.

Preliminary Material /L. Doležalová -- Revisiting Memory In The Middle Ages (Introduction) /Lucie Doležalová and Tamás Visi -- Communal Memory Of The Distributed Author: Applicability Of The Connectionist Model Of Memory To The Study Of Traditional Narratives /Slavica Ranković -- Writing The Memory Of The Virtues And Vices In Johannes Sintram's (D. 1450) Preaching Aids /Kimberly Rivers -- Memory, Meditation And Preaching: A Fifteenth-Century Memory Machine In Central Europe (The Text Nota Hanc Figuram Composuerunt Doctores . . . / Pro Aliquali Intelligentia . . .) /Farkas Gábor Kiss -- The Staging Of Memory: Ars Memorativa And The Spectacle Of Imagination In Late Medieval Preaching In Poland /Rafał Wójcik -- On Mistake And Meaning: Scinderationes Fonorum In Medieval Artes Memoriae, Mnemonic Verses, And Manuscripts /Lucie Doležalová -- The Verse Bible As Aide-Mémoire /Greti Dinkova-Bruun -- Exhibete Membra Vestra: Verbal And Visual Enthymeme As Late Medieval Mnemotechnics /Laura Iseppi De Filippis -- The Late Medieval Summa Iovis As A Case Study For The Use Of Poems As Mnemonic Aids /Rüdiger Lorenz -- Pseudo-Apocryphal Dialogue As A Tool For The Memorization Of Scholastic Wisdom: The Farewell Of Christ To Mary And The Liber De Vita Christi By Jacobus /Péter Tóth -- The Old Norse Kenning As A Mnemonic Figure /Bergsveinn Birgisson -- The Landscape As A Memory Construction In The Latin Petrarch /Francesco Stella -- Posthumous Messages: Memory, Romance, And The Morte Darthur /Jon Whitman -- \'And Nothing Will Be Wasted\': Actualization Of The Past In Caesarius Of Heisterbach's Dialogus Miraculorum /Victoria Smirnova -- The Latin Vocabulary of Memory in Medieval Hungary /Előd Nemerkényi -- The Construction Of Memory And The Display Of Social Bonds In The Life Of Corpus Christi Fraternity From Sibiu (Hermannstadt, Nagyszeben) /Carmen Florea -- Props Of Memory, Triggers Of Narration: Time And Space In Medieval Jewish Hagiography /Lucia Raspe -- Anselm Of Laon In The Twelfth-Century Schools: Between Fama And Memoria /Cédric Giraud -- Memory And Hagiography: The Formation Of The Memory Of Three Thirteenth-Century Female Saints /Dávid Falvay -- Dixit Quod Non Recordatur: Memory As Proof In Inquisitorial Trials (Early Fourteenth-Century France) /Irene Bueno -- Peasants' Revolts Memories: Damnatio Memoriae Or Hidden Memories? /Vincent Challet -- Remembering And Forgetting The Sabians: Moses Maimonides, Moses Narboni, And Eleazar Eilenburg /Tamás Visi -- The Past As A Precedent: Crusade, Reconquest And Twelfth-Century Memories Of A Christian Iberia /William J. Purkis -- Memory Of The Past And Old Norse Identity /Else Mundal -- In Memoriam Defunctorum: Visual Arts As Devices Of Memory /Milena Bartlová -- Index /L. Doležalová.

This book offers an in indictment of the nation's drug enforcement approach focusing on the short sighted policies that often deny patients suffering from chronic pain the medications they need. Over 70 million adult Americans suffer from chronic pain, which costs the U.S. economy $61 billion a year in lost productivity, not counting medical bills. Left untreated, chronic pain gradually kills its victims while ruining their lives. As a clinical and research oncologist responsible for the chronic pain management of thousands of cancer patients over the course of his 30 year career, he knows that the most effective and safest way to manage most cases of chronic pain is with opioids. All modern pain management textbooks advocate "titration to effect" in cases where opioids help: that is, gradually increasing the dosage until either the pain is acceptably controlled or the side effects begin to outweigh the pain relief benefits. Yet the vast majority of doctors do not practice what the medical textbooks teach and instead prescribe opioids very reluctantly and conservatively. As a result, only half of all chronic pain sufferers, and fewer than half of all cancer patients, get adequate pain relief from their doctors. Why do physicians radically undertreat pain that is susceptible to opioid analgesics? They fear that if they prescribe Schedule II opioids in accordance with the professional standards of pain management set by such medical bodies as the American Pain Society, they will be investigated by the DEA, stigmatized, prosecuted as criminals, stripped of their licenses, and sent to jail. This work focuses on America's national crisis in pain management caused by the widening divergence between the enormous contributions of opioids ("narcotics") to pain management in the clinical setting and the mistaken belief that they are dangerous, highly addictive drugs. After dissecting the strategy and tactics of the War on Drugs from medical, historical, legal, socioeconomic, and geopolitical perspectives, the author indicts the 40 year long War on Drugs for having failed to stem the supply of illicit drugs in America despite expenditures of half a trillion dollars, despite violating the basic human right to pain relief of tens of millions of American chronic pain sufferers, and despite fomenting organized crime, government corruption, racial injustice, and social disruption in both the United States and the producer countries. He concludes with a clarion call for the abandonment of the War on Drugs, disbanding the Drug Enforcement Administration, and encouraging Congress to repeal the Controlled Substances Act.

This study begins with a general introduction to the credit derivatives market and gives arguments for the growth catalysts which have driven the development to the current state. The financial participants in this market are presented as well. A comparison between market risk and credit risk follows to show the clear transition that helped credit risk to become an asset class. After that, a link to the recent Basel II guidelines is established in order to show the policies that banks have to consider when trading with credit risk. Chapter 2 deals with the historical evolution of credit derivatives and classifies different structures. A presentation of the main types of credit derivatives and their contract elements follow; these are mainly credit default swaps (CDS) and collaterized debt obligations (CDO). Chapter 2 also deals with definitions of a credit event and the calculation of risk premiums. Forms of default payment illustrate the possible settlement of a credit derivative contract. Afterwards, an account of the International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) is presented. This association serves as a supplier of standardized documentation to all market participants and facilitates transactions. Chapter 3 is the key element of this thesis and shows the applications of credit derivatives: they serve as portfolio diversifiers for asset managers, hedging instruments for banks or corporations and offer arbitrage possibilities for hedge funds and other institutions that monitor mispricings in bond and credit markets. This part delivers essential information for the final evaluation of such instruments from a practical point of view in Chapter 5. In Chapter 4, the thesis covers the most important pricing tools for credit derivatives. Three generally accepted and widely used models are presented and evaluated concerning their suitability for various parties. These models vary greatly. Recently, a German governmental organization has set a standard evaluation system in place; whereas multinational investment banks form their own capacities in house or through joint ventures. An efficient valuation system gives market participants a major competitive advantage because they can observe default probabilities on an ongoing basis under changing market conditions. Chapter 5 deals with an evaluation of credit derivatives from a practical point of view and discusses the opportunities and risks involved in credit derivatives. The author concludes with a critical evaluation about the role and responsibility of regulators in this market and a view on the current situation of the global credit markets.

The study examines Jorge Semprun´s literary reflections on his experiences made in the concentration camp of Buchenwald in "Le grand voyage" (1963), "Quel beau dimanche!" (1980), "L´écriture ou la vie" (1994) and "Le mort qu´il faut" (2001) with the aim to show the development in his retrospective treatment of the past. Therefore the texts are not considered as a unified "ecriture" but as a progressing approximation to his experiences in Buchenwald.

The study deals in narratological and poetological terms with Semprun´s growing awareness of what Buchenwald means to him: While "Le grand voyage" is deeply influenced by the authors communistic view. "Quel beau dimanche!" reflects Sempruns disconcertion caused by his awareness of the parallel existence of concentration camps in Nazi-Germany and in the Soviet Union. "L´ecriture ou la vie" and "Le mort qu´il faut", for their part, are written by an author who considers himself as survivor and witness.

This process is accompanied by Semprun´s shift to literature as a universe implying sense and creating identity. This becomes vitally important after his dissociation from communism and enables him to speak extensively about his experiences with death. Therefore Semprun´s conception of "witnessship" can be described as diametrically opposed to factual documentation. It is rather intended to function within a literary field: Only the intensive use of intertextuality allowes Semprun to comprehend Buchenwald finally as the centre of his life and as the origin of his own identity as well as to communicate his "truth" to the reader. - Die Studie untersucht Jorge Sempruns literarische Gestaltung seiner Erfahrungen des Konzentrationslagers Buchenwald in "Le grand voyage (1963), "Quel beau dimanche!" (1980), "L´ecriture ou la vie" (1994) und "Le mort qu´il faut (2001). Ziel der Arbeit ist es, Entwicklungslinien und Tendenzen in der retrospektiven Auseinandersetzung und literarischen Bearbeitung des persönlich Erlebten aufzuzeigen. Demzufolge werden die Texte nicht als einheitliches Sprechen, sondern als fortschreitende erzählerische Annäherung an den miterlebten Tod von Buchenwald betrachtet.

Die narratologisch und poetologisch ausgerichtete Studie fokussiert den Bewusstwerdungsprozess, der in den Texten zum Ausdruck gelangt: Während "Le grand voyage" noch deutlich vom kommunistischen Weltbild des Autors geprägt ist, spiegelt sich in "Quel beau dimanche!" - geschrieben im Bewusstsein über die gleichzeitige Existenz nationalsozialistischer und stalinistischer Lager - die existentielle Verunsicherung Sempruns, wohingegen in "L´ecriture ou la vie" und "Le mort qu´il faut" die Selbstdefinierung als Überlebender und Zeuge dominiert.

Paralell zu dieser Entwicklung vollzieht sich Sempruns Hinwendung zur Literatur als identitäts- und sinnstiftendem Universum, das, insbesondere nach der Lossage vom Kommunismus, verstärkt in den Vordergrund rückt und erst die umfassende Sagbarkeit der Erfahrung ermöglicht. Sempruns Konzeption von Zeugenschaft steht folglich in direkter Opposition zu einem dokumentarischen Bezeugen und bewegt sich stattdessen innerhalb eines genuin literarischen Feldes. Nur durch den intensiven Einsatz intertextueller Bezugnahmen gelingt es dem Autor, die Erfahrung von Buchenwald als Zentrum seines Lebens sowie als Ursprung seines Ichs zu begreifen und diese "Wahrheit" dem Leser mitzuteilen.