Suchergebnisse

The author explores the political values that ought to shape policy making & risk regulation. The values that provide an alternative to the traditional principles of utilitarianism & democratic elitism are democratic legitimacy, scientific integrity, & international responsibility. The author also argues for increased citizen participation. References. D. Miller

The author examines the role of the media in influencing public opinion. Concern about the media's focus on communicating gloom to increase the audience's emotional response is expressed before the author discusses ways the media can be used to increase citizen participation in public policy making. References. D. Miller

To address Pakistan's economic ills & enact positive reforms, Pakistan's leadership must recognize that politics, economics, & social change are intertwined & interdependent. It is impossible to ignore one of these factors without risking the progress of the others. Pakistan's history of turbulence & unrest proves that until a true vision is established for the economic components of political power, Pakistan will continue to flounder. It will remain in social flux, clear leadership will fail to emerge, & true economic reforms will not be instituted. Until essential political elements are incorporated, the transition to democracy is virtually impossible. 22 References. K. Larsen

Presenting a social-constructionist model of political culture in which objective & subjective realities are interlinked, the chapter examines mainland Chinese attitudes, perceptions, & awareness toward Hong Kong, along with the role of media & official views in shaping them. The 1999 hand-over of Hong Kong by the UK served a dual ideological function for the public, promoting nationalism while potentially contrasting Hong Kong's prosperity with economic conditions on the mainland. Conclusions are based on 1995 survey responses from citizens in four major Chinese cities. 8 Tables, 2 Figures, 1 Appendix, 22 References. K. Coddon

To address Pakistan's economic ills & enact positive reforms, Pakistan's leadership must recognize that politics, economics, & social change are intertwined & interdependent. It is impossible to ignore one of these factors without risking the progress of the others. Pakistan's history of turbulence & unrest proves that until a true vision is established for the economic components of political power, Pakistan will continue to flounder. It will remain in social flux, clear leadership will fail to emerge, & true economic reforms will not be instituted. Until essential political elements are incorporated, the transition to democracy is virtually impossible. 22 References. K. Larsen

The author focuses on Kant's response to a question posed by Rousseau: What is a citizen? The analysis investigates the reciprocal & pathological tensions between the individual & the state. The author discusses the conceptualization of the people, the divided subject, the presentation of the other, the idea of organization, & the state as master. 51 References. A. Funderburg

The author focuses on Kant's response to a question posed by Rousseau: What is a citizen? The analysis investigates the reciprocal & pathological tensions between the individual & the state. The author discusses the conceptualization of the people, the divided subject, the presentation of the other, the idea of organization, & the state as master. 51 References. A. Funderburg

An introduction to an edited collection compares immigration during the two major periods (1880-1930 & 1965-2000). Also discussed are the history of sociology & political science in the US, its relationship to the study of immigrant incorporation, & the role of immigrants in American civic culture. Other topics include the recent emergence of transnationalism & its effect on the political behavior of immigrants; the role of the US state in shaping the immigrant experience; the key role of public schools in teaching English, civic ideals, & cultural mores to the immigrants' children; & directions for future research on the national & global immigrant experience. 22 References. J. R. Callahan

An introduction to an edited collection compares immigration during the two major periods (1880-1930 & 1965-2000). Also discussed are the history of sociology & political science in the US, its relationship to the study of immigrant incorporation, & the role of immigrants in American civic culture. Other topics include the recent emergence of transnationalism & its effect on the political behavior of immigrants; the role of the US state in shaping the immigrant experience; the key role of public schools in teaching English, civic ideals, & cultural mores to the immigrants' children; & directions for future research on the national & global immigrant experience. 22 References. J. R. Callahan

Die vorliegende Publikation enthält alle Referate, die während der Kooperationsveranstaltung der Gesellschaft für Deutschlandforschung mit dem Ost-West-Kolleg der Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung in der Zeit vom 22. bis 25. Oktober 1997 in Brühl vorgetragen wurden. Aufgenommen wurden aber auch einige Beiträge, die eine sinnvolle und notwendige inhaltliche Ergänzung darstellen. Insgesamt bieten die Artikel einen Überblick über ausgewählte Wirtschaftsstrukturen und Wirtschaftsstrukturprobleme in den beiden deutschen Staaten. Es wird nicht nur eine Periodisierung der Wirtschaft in der DDR vorgenommen, sondern auch eine wirtschaftshistorische Analyse und damit die Einbindung der DDR-Volkswirtschaft in die internationale Arbeitsteilung vorgestellt. Reparationsleistungen in der SBZ/DDR und Westdeutschland werden in bisher unbekannten Details erläutert. Berücksichtigt werden ebenfalls die Umbrüche in der DDR Ende der achtziger Jahre sowie Aufbau und Probleme der Wirtschafts- und Sozialstrukturen in den neuen Bundesländern nach der deutschen Wiedervereinigung im Jahre 1990. Neben allgemeinen Strukturproblemen in großen Zusammenhängen (z. B. Elektrizitätswirtschaft in den neuen Bundesländern) finden auch regionale Probleme ausreichende Berücksichtigung (z. B. Bevölkerungsentwicklung und siedlungsstrukturelle Konsequenzen in Thüringen, Probleme der Regionalentwicklung im niedersächsischen Zonenrandgebiet vor und nach der Vereinigung).

The chapter examines shifts in British employment participation for married women & couples, analyzing the influence of husbands' economic & labor status; women's life-cycle (eg, marriage, childbirth) variables since the 1960s; & employment transition patterns. Longitudinal & life-cycle data indicate a trend toward married women's labor-force polarization, with reentry into full-time work after childbirth both swifter & more likely among the highly educated. Other findings support the prevalence of assortative mating; the influence of spousal income & education on women's work transitions; & the comparative weakness of social traditionalism & strengthening of individualism in GB, as opposed to, eg, Germany. 7 Tables, 5 Figures, 1 Appendix, 22 References. K. Coddon

Offers a world-systems explanation for the postmodernist movement in contemporary culture & thought that attributes this development to the influence of the capitalist world economy. It arose in the 1970s, a time when US hegemony within the world system had started to decline & a plurality of national powers (& international rivalries) was developing. Cyclical shifts between political conflict/economic crisis & periods of imposed peace/economic expansion are analyzed using a global version of Erving Goffman's frame analysis. Assumptions underlying the postmodern frame are explicated, with emphasis on its ideological influence on hegemony & rivalry. Shifts in art that parallel these political & economic cycles are identified, identifying different movements in different countries. 22 References. K. Hyatt Stewart

Offers a world-systems explanation for the postmodernist movement in contemporary culture & thought that attributes this development to the influence of the capitalist world economy. It arose in the 1970s, a time when US hegemony within the world system had started to decline & a plurality of national powers (& international rivalries) was developing. Cyclical shifts between political conflict/economic crisis & periods of imposed peace/economic expansion are analyzed using a global version of Erving Goffman's frame analysis. Assumptions underlying the postmodern frame are explicated, with emphasis on its ideological influence on hegemony & rivalry. Shifts in art that parallel these political & economic cycles are identified, identifying different movements in different countries. 22 References. K. Hyatt Stewart

Examines Max Weber's notion of plebiscitary leadership in the context of his general political orientation. Weber's political views are described as a complicated mix of liberalism, nationalism, & realism. These views developed over time into a form of social liberalism in which he sought a balance between the hope for democracy & the requirement of order. Important to the development of this balance was the cultivation of a form of responsible leadership that balanced the necessity of controlling the bureaucratic state with need to foster charismatic leaders who were also sensitive to institutional constraints. It was in parliament, therefore, that Weber saw that the intrinsic tension between charisma & bureaucracy might be negotiated. 22 References. D. M. Ryfe

Am Beispiel von Parlamentsdebatten im Niedersächsischen Landtag wird untersucht, in welchem Umfang und in welcher Weise Medieninhalte reflektiert werden und wie Politiker in ihren Debattenbeiträgen auf Medieninhalte verweisen. Art, Umfang und Kontext der Medienverweise wurden anhand der stenografischen Berichte zu neun aufeinander folgenden Plenarsitzungen zwischen dem 29. März und dem 22. Juni 2000 inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet. Die Analyse führte zu sechs zentralen Ergebnissen: (1) Verweise auf Medieninhalte sind ein übliches rhetorisches Mittel in Landtagsdebatten und werden in beträchtlicher Anzahl und in unterschiedlichen thematischen und formalen Kontexten eingebracht; (2) Medienverweise kommen überwiegend von den Oppositionsparteien, die dadurch ihr Informationsdefizit gegenüber der Regierung ausgleichen und damit ihrer Kontrollaufgabe nachkommen; (3) Heimatzeitungen sind - zumindest im Niedersächsischen Landtag - die häufigsten Quellen der Medienverweise; (4) Medienverweise beziehen sich häufig auf den politischen Prozess und dienen damit der Selbstbeobachtung des politischen Systems; (5) Medienverweise dienen in der Mehrzahl dazu, Fakten in die Debatte einzubringen; (6) Medienverweise haben vor allem in der Phase der Problemartikulation und -definition eine große Bedeutung. Im weiteren Verlauf des Policy-Prozesses verlieren sie hingegen an Bedeutung. Wenn unter Integration die Herstellung der Anschlussfähigkeit zwischen verschiedenen Diskursen verstanden wird, weisen die Ergebnisse insgesamt auf eine deutliche Integrationsleistung der Medien hin. (ICI2)