Suchergebnisse

To address Pakistan's economic ills & enact positive reforms, Pakistan's leadership must recognize that politics, economics, & social change are intertwined & interdependent. It is impossible to ignore one of these factors without risking the progress of the others. Pakistan's history of turbulence & unrest proves that until a true vision is established for the economic components of political power, Pakistan will continue to flounder. It will remain in social flux, clear leadership will fail to emerge, & true economic reforms will not be instituted. Until essential political elements are incorporated, the transition to democracy is virtually impossible. 22 References. K. Larsen

Presenting a social-constructionist model of political culture in which objective & subjective realities are interlinked, the chapter examines mainland Chinese attitudes, perceptions, & awareness toward Hong Kong, along with the role of media & official views in shaping them. The 1999 hand-over of Hong Kong by the UK served a dual ideological function for the public, promoting nationalism while potentially contrasting Hong Kong's prosperity with economic conditions on the mainland. Conclusions are based on 1995 survey responses from citizens in four major Chinese cities. 8 Tables, 2 Figures, 1 Appendix, 22 References. K. Coddon

To address Pakistan's economic ills & enact positive reforms, Pakistan's leadership must recognize that politics, economics, & social change are intertwined & interdependent. It is impossible to ignore one of these factors without risking the progress of the others. Pakistan's history of turbulence & unrest proves that until a true vision is established for the economic components of political power, Pakistan will continue to flounder. It will remain in social flux, clear leadership will fail to emerge, & true economic reforms will not be instituted. Until essential political elements are incorporated, the transition to democracy is virtually impossible. 22 References. K. Larsen

An introduction to an edited collection compares immigration during the two major periods (1880-1930 & 1965-2000). Also discussed are the history of sociology & political science in the US, its relationship to the study of immigrant incorporation, & the role of immigrants in American civic culture. Other topics include the recent emergence of transnationalism & its effect on the political behavior of immigrants; the role of the US state in shaping the immigrant experience; the key role of public schools in teaching English, civic ideals, & cultural mores to the immigrants' children; & directions for future research on the national & global immigrant experience. 22 References. J. R. Callahan

An introduction to an edited collection compares immigration during the two major periods (1880-1930 & 1965-2000). Also discussed are the history of sociology & political science in the US, its relationship to the study of immigrant incorporation, & the role of immigrants in American civic culture. Other topics include the recent emergence of transnationalism & its effect on the political behavior of immigrants; the role of the US state in shaping the immigrant experience; the key role of public schools in teaching English, civic ideals, & cultural mores to the immigrants' children; & directions for future research on the national & global immigrant experience. 22 References. J. R. Callahan

The chapter examines shifts in British employment participation for married women & couples, analyzing the influence of husbands' economic & labor status; women's life-cycle (eg, marriage, childbirth) variables since the 1960s; & employment transition patterns. Longitudinal & life-cycle data indicate a trend toward married women's labor-force polarization, with reentry into full-time work after childbirth both swifter & more likely among the highly educated. Other findings support the prevalence of assortative mating; the influence of spousal income & education on women's work transitions; & the comparative weakness of social traditionalism & strengthening of individualism in GB, as opposed to, eg, Germany. 7 Tables, 5 Figures, 1 Appendix, 22 References. K. Coddon

Evolutionary approaches to international relations theory typically fall into three categories: "extra light," which includes historical-descriptive analyses that fail to embrace a true evolutionary perspective; "light," which includes analyses of basic evolutionary concepts; & "heavy" -- an approach that has yet to materialize. Each of these approaches should be rejected in favor of a "strong" variant approach, which embraces explanatory theory & uses evolutionary concepts to outline an ideology's transformation process. The author's own work on "evolutionary world politics" is outlined in an effort to illustrate how the evolution of processes, ideas, & structures concerning global problem management can come together to form a stronger, more complete analysis of international relations questions. It is also argued, however, that evolutionary theory should be viewed as a "work in progress.". 1 Figure, 22 References. K. Larsen

Investigates the nature & impact of state regulation on entry & integration of US immigrants. The author argues that the current debate on membership concerns access to both state & civil society. Starting with a review of the literature on state policies, migration, & integration, the author examines the effects of legislation such as CA's Proposition 187. He identifies three perspectives for scholarly examination of the state: its impact on migration & integration, its role as a self-interested actor, & its multifaceted nature. The article concludes with a discussion of the structure of US membership today, recent citizenship legislation, & topics for future study. 47 References. J. R. Callahan

Investigates the nature & impact of state regulation on entry & integration of US immigrants. The author argues that the current debate on membership concerns access to both state & civil society. Starting with a review of the literature on state policies, migration, & integration, the author examines the effects of legislation such as CA's Proposition 187. He identifies three perspectives for scholarly examination of the state: its impact on migration & integration, its role as a self-interested actor, & its multifaceted nature. The article concludes with a discussion of the structure of US membership today, recent citizenship legislation, & topics for future study. 47 References. J. R. Callahan

Summarizes the "Summit of the Americas," held 20-22 Apr 2001 in Quebec City, along with concurrent protests against the meeting in the form of a nearby "People's Summit" & other protest activities, including sit-ins, demonstrations, & other "carnivalesque" events. Efforts at the main summit to redefine the terms of global order in the post-Bretton Woods world economy are reviewed, focusing on the goal of creating "transnational subjects" through new forms of transnational governance as the political adjunct to economic changes in the form of global neoliberalism. Oppositional politics that arose in protest to the goals of the summit are described, highlighting their global spread, particularly in the form of "transnational communities of resistance." General discussion is offered on the political construction of transnational subjects & the politics of opposition against the "hemispheric growth machine" represented by such summits. K. Hyatt Stewart

Summarizes the "Summit of the Americas," held 20-22 Apr 2001 in Quebec City, along with concurrent protests against the meeting in the form of a nearby "People's Summit" & other protest activities, including sit-ins, demonstrations, & other "carnivalesque" events. Efforts at the main summit to redefine the terms of global order in the post-Bretton Woods world economy are reviewed, focusing on the goal of creating "transnational subjects" through new forms of transnational governance as the political adjunct to economic changes in the form of global neoliberalism. Oppositional politics that arose in protest to the goals of the summit are described, highlighting their global spread, particularly in the form of "transnational communities of resistance." General discussion is offered on the political construction of transnational subjects & the politics of opposition against the "hemispheric growth machine" represented by such summits. K. Hyatt Stewart

The article examines the nature of official accountability, with emphasis on the political environment of the UK. At present, the majority party in the Commons & town halls are at risk of being voted out of office. Measures should be taken to promote a more democratic system of government in GB. The author discusses accountability at four levels: (1) the roles of insiders (politically active citizens) vs outsiders, (2) the customer relations concept as applied to government, (3) the relationship between accountability & the decision making process, & (4) the right of formal review of official decisions. The author calls for an alliance between a new citizenship culture & the lobby for parliamentary reform. J. R. Callahan

Examines the effects of dual citizenship on political incorporation of US immigrants. The author presents a theoretical framework for analyzing contemporary migrants' transnational practices, focusing on Dominican & Colombian migrants in New York City & Salvadoran migrants in Los Angeles. A discussion of perspectives on transnationalism is followed by an analysis of transnational political participation among earlier immigrants & the roots of these practices in the three countries of interest. Next, the author discusses the contexts of immigrant reception in New York & Los Angeles, & provides a detailed analysis of transnational political participation in the Dominican Republic, Colombia, & El Salvador. The article concludes with a comparison of past & present transnational practices, a comparison of European & Latin American immigrants, & a discussion of variation in transnational action across national groups. 1 Table, 104 References. J. R. Callahan

Examines the effects of dual citizenship on political incorporation of US immigrants. The author presents a theoretical framework for analyzing contemporary migrants' transnational practices, focusing on Dominican & Colombian migrants in New York City & Salvadoran migrants in Los Angeles. A discussion of perspectives on transnationalism is followed by an analysis of transnational political participation among earlier immigrants & the roots of these practices in the three countries of interest. Next, the author discusses the contexts of immigrant reception in New York & Los Angeles, & provides a detailed analysis of transnational political participation in the Dominican Republic, Colombia, & El Salvador. The article concludes with a comparison of past & present transnational practices, a comparison of European & Latin American immigrants, & a discussion of variation in transnational action across national groups. 1 Table, 104 References. J. R. Callahan

The performance of Republican & Democratic candidates in the 2000 US congressional election is studied. An overview of the Democratic Party's control over Congress during the late 1980s & early 1990s & the Republican Party's subsequent acquisition of control between 1994 & 2000 is presented; popular predictions of the congressional election's outcome are also reviewed. An analysis of four potential scenarios for the election's outcome revealed that the most likely result -- the Republican Party's continued control over Congress & acquisition of the presidency -- actually occurred. After discussing the election's final result, it is claimed that two models -- deep partisanship & bipartisan coalition-building -- can be used to explain future executive-legislature relations. The Clinton administration's experience with the deep partisanship model & George W. Bush's assertion that bipartisanship can be achieved are then addressed. It is concluded that bipartisanship is necessary to effectively tackle the US's principal problems. 2 Tables, 1 Figure, 22 References. J. W. Parker