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This ADBI newsletter is published periodically throughout the year to provide information on current events, seminars and summits, Job opportunities, blogs and news and current publications concerning growth and development in Asia and the Pacific.

Multilateral Matters is the quarterly publication of the Centre for Multilateralism Studies (CMS), analysing the most recent developments regarding multilateralism by our team. It covers articles on relevant economic and political issues as well as programmes and latest publications from the research centre. The objective of the newsletter is to promote the research being done by our centre, raising awareness of the many events that we hold on a regular basis.

Abstract: Do women chief executives experience more terrorist activity during their time in office? We are interested in exploring this question given the rise in the study of gender and conflict. We argue that women leaders experience higher levels of terrorist violence due to gender perceptions. Women leaders are perceived as conflict averse. Concomitantly, women leaders who respond forcibly against terrorist agitation run the risk of domestic political costs and possibly additional terrorist recruitment as a result of policies that deviate from gender norms. This political catch-22 results in a higher frequency of terrorist violence. We examine this relationship on instances of domestic terrorism from 1980-2011. The results confirm that women leaders experience terrorist violence more frequently.

Der Beitrag beruht auf einem Vortrag am Achten Deutsch-Österreichisch-Schweizerischen Symposium für Gesellschafts- und Kapitalmarktrecht vom Juni 2017 im Max-Planck-Institut für ausländisches und internationales Privatrecht in Hamburg. Dürfen Unternehmen Mittel ihrer Gesellschaft unentgeltlich für soziale, politische oder kulturelle Zwecke investieren? Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, ob politisches Engagement von Unternehmen und insbesondere korporative Freigiebigkeit wie Spenden zulässig sind. Unter anderem wird auch auf die Frage eingegangen, ob staatliche Regulierung von politischem Engagement von Unternehmen erforderlich und wünschenswert ist. ; + ID der Publikation: unilu_26601 + Reihe: ZSR-Beiheft + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2018-08-22 11:03:56

The Confederate Graves Survey Archive of the Texas Division, Sons of Confederate Veterans consists of surveys of cemeteries throughout Texas, and portions of Oklahoma and New Mexico. The surveys document the interment of Confederate States of America military veterans. United States of America (Union) veterans, as well as able-bodied men at the time of the Civil War, are also documented. 13 boxes entitled "Grave Surveys" contain grave surveys listed county-by-county, 3 boxes of "Unit Files" list surveyed individuals by their military unit. Finally, 17 boxes contain "Veteran Files" that document each veteran by name in "last name, first name, middle initial" format. An index that cross-references each of the collection series (Grave Surveys, Unit Files, and Veteran Files) is included, as are institutions to surveyors on how and what to document while conducting surveys. ; Rose Hill Cemetery #165, Merkel, Taylor County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Fox, James M.

The Confederate Graves Survey Archive of the Texas Division, Sons of Confederate Veterans consists of surveys of cemetaries throughout Texas, and portions of Oklahoma and New Mexico. The surveys document the interment of Confederate States of America military veterans. United States of America (Union) veterans, as well as able-bodied men at the time of the Civil War, are also documented. 13 boxes entitled "Grave Surveys" contain grave surveys listed county-by-county, 3 boxes of "Unit Files" list surveyed individuals by their military unit. Finally, 17 boxes contain "Veteran Files" that document each veteran by name in "last name, first name, middle initial" format. An index that cross-references each of the collection series (Grave Surveys, Unit Files, and Veteran Files) is included, as are institutions to surveyors on how and what to document while conducting surveys. ; Abilene Cemetery, Abilene, Taylor County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Baldwin, James G.

The Confederate Graves Survey Archive of the Texas Division, Sons of Confederate Veterans consists of surveys of cemeteries throughout Texas, and portions of Oklahoma and New Mexico. The surveys document the interment of Confederate States of America military veterans. United States of America (Union) veterans, as well as able-bodied men at the time of the Civil War, are also documented. 13 boxes entitled "Grave Surveys" contain grave surveys listed county-by-county, 3 boxes of "Unit Files" list surveyed individuals by their military unit. Finally, 17 boxes contain "Veteran Files" that document each veteran by name in "last name, first name, middle initial" format. An index that cross-references each of the collection series (Grave Surveys, Unit Files, and Veteran Files) is included, as are institutions to surveyors on how and what to document while conducting surveys. ; Admiral Cemetery #697, Callahan County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Stuwart, A. J.

The Confederate Graves Survey Archive of the Texas Division, Sons of Confederate Veterans consists of surveys of cemeteries throughout Texas, and portions of Oklahoma and New Mexico. The surveys document the interment of Confederate States of America military veterans. United States of America (Union) veterans, as well as able-bodied men at the time of the Civil War, are also documented. 13 boxes entitled "Grave Surveys" contain grave surveys listed county-by-county, 3 boxes of "Unit Files" list surveyed individuals by their military unit. Finally, 17 boxes contain "Veteran Files" that document each veteran by name in "last name, first name, middle initial" format. An index that cross-references each of the collection series (Grave Surveys, Unit Files, and Veteran Files) is included, as are institutions to surveyors on how and what to document while conducting surveys. ; Post Oak Cemetery #812, Coryell County, Texas | Veterans Interred: Miles, John C.

• Purpose: The current study explores the spillover effects of offensive commenting in online community from the lens of emotional and behavioral contagion. Specifically, it examines the contagion of swearing –a linguistic mannerism that conveys high arousal emotion –based upon two mechanisms of contagion: mimicry and social interaction effect. • Design/methodology/approach: The study performs a series of mixed-effect logistic regressions to investigate the contagious potential of offensive comments collected from YouTube in response to Donald Trump's 2016 presidential campaign videos posted between January and April 2016. • Findings: The study examines non-random incidences of two types of swearing online: public and interpersonal. Findings suggest that a first-level (a.k.a. parent) comment's public swearing tends to trigger chains of interpersonal swearing in the second-level (a.k.a. child) comments. Meanwhile, among the child-comments, a sequentially preceding comment's swearing is contagious to the following comment only across the same swearing type. Based on the findings, the study concludes that offensive comments are contagious and have impact on shaping the community-wide linguistic norms of online user interactions. • Originality/value: The study discusses the ways in which an individual's display of offensiveness may influence and shape discursive cultures on the Internet. This study delves into the mechanisms of text-based contagion by differentiating between mimicry effect and social interaction effect. While online emotional contagion research to this date has focused on the difference between positive and negative valence, Internet research that specifically look at the contagious potential of offensive expressions remain sparse. Keywords: Verbal Aggression, Offensive Comments, Emotional Contagion, Swearing and Profanity, Linguistic Mimicry, YouTube ; Kwon, K. H., & Gruzd, A. (2017). Is Offensive Commenting Contagious Online? Examining Public vs. Interpersonal Swearing in Response to Donald Trump's YouTube Campaign Videos. Internet Research, 27(4), 991-1010, https://doi.org/10.1108/IntR-02-2017-0072

In this paper a critique is developed to the theories that found their conception of the self of the Homeric man in the psychosomatic entity. Then it is develops the understanding that the singular man had of its own self in relation to the limits of its existence determined as Moira and to the politic-heroic moral that arises on these limits. ; En este escrito se desarrolla una crítica a las teorías que fundan su concepción del sí mismo del hombre homérico en la entidad psicosomática. Luego se elabora la comprensión que este hombre singular tuvo de su mismidad en relación a los límites de su existencia determinados como Moira y a la moral político-heroica que surge sobre estos límites.

Spender von Körperfragmenten werden gegenwärtig vom biomedizinischen Forschungsregime exkludiert. Die Deutungshoheit über die gespendeten Körperfragmente bleibt folglich allein bei den Forschenden. Die vom rechtswissenschaftlichen Diskurs vorgeschlagene Lösung lautet wiederum: Ermächtigung der Exkludierten durch Anerkennung neuer subjektiver Rechte am menschlichen Körper. In diesem Beitrag wird ein anderer Weg eingeschlagen, namentlich die Anerkennung eines impersonalen Rechts des fragmentierten und entgrenzten menschlichen Körpers selbst. Die Funktion dieses Rechts soll nach der hier vertretenen These darin bestehen, die Deutungsoffenheit dieses Körpers vor einseitigen Bestimmungen seitens einzelner Akteure zu bewahren. Schließlich soll aufgezeigt werden, wie ein solches Recht im Kontext der Biobankenforschung umgesetzt werden kann. ; + ID der Publikation: unilu_28703 + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2018-05-16 12:10:19

An active religious policy became a political reality in Germany after 1990. The judicial and societal status of religious communities is debated and disputed in public. The article sketches three or maybe already four phases of German state religious policy. It analyzes the scientific discussion about the pros and cons of religious policy in the disciplines of political science and academic social ethics in Germany. In political science, the positions cover a broader range of options than they do in in social ethics. In the latter the general support for the existing rules that guide the relationship of state and churches and religious communities is combined with critical remarks about suitable modifications and the political responsibility of the two main churches. References to the general challenge of integration in modern societies are frequently present in both disciplines. However, a systematic analysis of the effects of religious policies on integration policies is lacking. Intensified joint interdisciplinary research could foster the understanding of the normative basis of religious policy, its opportunities and implications for integration policies. Eine aktive Religionspolitik ist in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland nach 1990 zu einer politischen Realität geworden. Über den rechtlichen und gesellschaftlichen Status von Religionsgemeinschaften wird öffentlich diskutiert und gestritten. Der Beitrag skizziert drei bzw. mittlerweile wohl vier Phasen deutscher Religionspolitik und analysiert vor diesem Hintergrund die wissenschaftliche Auseinandersetzung mit dem Für und Wider staatlicher Religionspolitik in der Politikwissenschaft und der akademischen Sozialethik in Deutschland. In der Politikwissenschaft gehen die Positionen dazu deutlich weiter auseinander als in der Sozialethik, in der die Unterstützung für die bestehenden Regelungen des Verhältnisses von Staat und Kirchen bzw. Religionen mit kritischen Hinweisen zu wünschenswerten Modifikationen und zur religionspolitischen Verantwortung der beiden ...

Vaccine misinformation on social media poses significant drawbacks to the efforts of vaccine coverage rates. This research studies the interlinkages between pro- and anti-vaccine YouTube videos to help public health professionals explore new ways to reach anti-vaccine and vaccine-hesitant audiences. Using YouTube's API, we retrieved 9,489 recommended videos from 250 seeds using keywords such as "vaccines" and its derivatives. We then manually identified 1,984 videos directly related to vaccination and then categorized their vaccine sentiment into pro-, anti-, and neutral. Results show that 65.02% of the videos were anti-vaccine, and only 20.87% were pro-vaccine, 14.11% were neutral. Anti-vaccine videos were significantly more prevalent in the "News & Politics" and "People & Blogs" video categories; while pro-vaccine videos were more prevalent in the "Education" and "Science & Technology" categories. Results also showed that anti-vaccine sentiment videos have higher values of closeness centrality (p<0.05), suggesting that watching an anti-vaccine video will likely lead to more anti-vaccine video recommendations. Moreover, videos that had more dislikes than likes (dislike/like ratio) are positively related to pro-vaccine videos (OR=3.912), suggesting that pro-vaccine videos are more ill-received on YouTube than anti-vaccine videos. This study is the first to examine the network of vaccine-related videos on YouTube and their centralities. The results highlight some possible limitations of YouTube-based vaccination awareness campaigns and also emphasize the need to diversify how YouTube makes its recommendations to help viewers break out of the anti-vaccine "bubble." ; Melodie Yun-Ju Song and Anatoliy Gruzd. (2017). Examining Sentiments and Popularity of Pro- and Anti-Vaccination Videos on YouTube. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Social Media & Society (#SMSociety17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 17, 8 pages. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3097286.3097303.

Background Canada depends on Temporary Foreign Workers (TFWs), also known as migrant workers, to fill labour shortage in agriculture, hospitality, construction, child/senior care, and other low-skilled occupations. Evidence shows that TFWs, especially women live-in caregivers (LC), constitute a vulnerable population. Their health is compromised by the precarious and harsh working and living conditions they encounter. There is a paucity of research on the mental health of LCs, their support systems and access to mental health services. Method In this community-based exploratory study, we used mixed methods of survey and focus groups to explore the work related experiences and mental health of migrant live-in caregivers in the Greater Toronto Area in Ontario, Canada. Convenience and snowball sampling were used to recruit participants. The inclusion criteria were: being 18 years or older, initially migrated to Canada as TFWs under LC program, resided in the Greater Toronto Area, and able to understand and converse in English based on self-report. This paper reports on the focus group results derived from inductive thematic analysis. Results A total of 30 women LCs participated in the study. Most of them were from the Philippines. A number of key themes emerged from the participants' narratives: (1) precarious migration-employment status (re)produces exploitation; (2) deskilling and downward social mobility reinforce alienation; (3) endurance of hardship for family back home; (4) double lives of public cheerfulness and private anguish; and (4) unrecognized mental health needs. The study results reflected gross injustices experienced by these women. Conclusion A multi-faceted approach is required to improve the working and living conditions of this vulnerable group and ultimately their health outcomes. We recommend the following: government inspection to ensure employer compliance with the labour standards and provision of safe working and living conditions; change immigration policy to allow migrant caregivers to apply for permanent residence upon arrival; the TFWs Program to establish fair wages and subsidized housing so that caregivers can truly access the live-out option; and local ethno-specific, settlement and faith organizations be leveraged to provide TFWs with social support as well as information about their rights and how to access health and social care. ; Vahabi, M., & Wong, J. P. (2017). Caught between a rock and a hard place: Mental health of migrant live-in caregivers in canada. BMC Public Health, 17(1), 1-15. doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4431-4

Background Canada depends on Temporary Foreign Workers (TFWs), also known as migrant workers, to fill labour shortage in agriculture, hospitality, construction, child/senior care, and other low-skilled occupations. Evidence shows that TFWs, especially women live-in caregivers (LC), constitute a vulnerable population. Their health is compromised by the precarious and harsh working and living conditions they encounter. There is a paucity of research on the mental health of LCs, their support systems and access to mental health services. Method In this community-based exploratory study, we used mixed methods of survey and focus groups to explore the work related experiences and mental health of migrant live-in caregivers in the Greater Toronto Area in Ontario, Canada. Convenience and snowball sampling were used to recruit participants. The inclusion criteria were: being 18 years or older, initially migrated to Canada as TFWs under LC program, resided in the Greater Toronto Area, and able to understand and converse in English based on self-report. This paper reports on the focus group results derived from inductive thematic analysis. Results A total of 30 women LCs participated in the study. Most of them were from the Philippines. A number of key themes emerged from the participants' narratives: (1) precarious migration-employment status (re)produces exploitation; (2) deskilling and downward social mobility reinforce alienation; (3) endurance of hardship for family back home; (4) double lives of public cheerfulness and private anguish; and (4) unrecognized mental health needs. The study results reflected gross injustices experienced by these women. Conclusion A multi-faceted approach is required to improve the working and living conditions of this vulnerable group and ultimately their health outcomes. We recommend the following: government inspection to ensure employer compliance with the labour standards and provision of safe working and living conditions; change immigration policy to allow migrant caregivers to apply for permanent residence upon arrival; the TFWs Program to establish fair wages and subsidized housing so that caregivers can truly access the live-out option; and local ethno-specific, settlement and faith organizations be leveraged to provide TFWs with social support as well as information about their rights and how to access health and social care. ; Vahabi, M., & Wong, J. P. (2017). Caught between a rock and a hard place: Mental health of migrant live-in caregivers in canada. BMC Public Health, 17(1), 498-15. doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4431-4