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North Korea remains a puzzle to Americans. Seen primarily through images of its eccentric leaders and goose-stepping soldiers, it makes the front pages when it test launches its missiles or conducts a nuclear test as it did with two spectacular successes in the latter part of 2017. It is difficult for the general reader to assess the real danger North Korea and its current enigmatic leader, Kim Jong Un, pose. Does he have a nuclear button that could launch nuclear-tipped missiles as he warned President Trump in his New Year's Day speech in 2018? How did North Korea, one of the poorest and most isolated countries in the world in the crosshairs of every U.S. administration during the past 30 years, progress from no nuclear weapons in 2001 to a threatening arsenal of 30 to 50 weapons in 2021? Hinge Points posits that the conventional wisdom that America's good faith diplomatic efforts were circumvented by the North's repeated violations of diplomatic agreements is neither true nor helpful. The book takes a different look at the problem, one of critical introspection that combines rigorous analysis of political and technical developments. Hinge Points demonstrates that North Korea followed a dual-track strategy of diplomacy and nuclear development, variously emphasizing one or the other but never completely abandoning either. This strategy brought a steady stream of nuclear advances in Pyongyang. In Washington, these advances were interpreted as provocations or brinksmanship, and its responses were typically reactive and politically driven, focused on escalating sanctions and turning to China for help. This approach allowed North Korea to expand its program relatively unfettered. Mired in misguided assumptions and deep suspicions about North Korea, three U.S. administrations missed opportunities to mitigate risk and alter the trajectory of the North's nuclear program during times when Pyongyang favored diplomacy. Based on his own visits to North Korea and an in-depth analysis of the political and technical developments, the author argues that decisions should have been based on technically informed risk/benefit analysis that sought to manage the risks as best as possible, instead of trying to drive them to zero. Hinge Points reviews common-mode failures of the three administrations, including a needlessly heavy reliance on Beijing, ineffective utilization of sanctions as a policy tool, the lack of a holistic approach to peace on the Korean Peninsula, and the failure to properly prioritize and recognize the seriousness of the North Korean nuclear threat. An honest account of the history is not kind to Washington, but turning the lens inward to critically appraise Washington's role is the most constructive way for improving U.S. policy going forward. The book describes the political landscapes in the Bush, Obama, and Trump administrations that led to "hinge points," and provides detailed assessments of North Korea's nuclear and missile programs at those times to demonstrate how Washington's response missed the mark, leading to the crisis we face today.

Preface -- Contributors -- Introduction & cross cultural research -- The history of consumer psychology / Cathrine V. Jansson-Boyd & Nigel Marlow -- Cross cultural consumption / Susan Forquer Gupta -- Globalization, branding, and multicultural consumer behavior / Carlos J. Torelli & Mara Rodas -- Consumer cognition & perception -- Visual attention in consumer settings / J. Wesley Hutchinson, Joy Lu, Evan Weingarten -- Perception and consumption : touch, multisensory integration and congruency / Cathrine V. Jansson-Boyd -- The role of procedural knowledge in consumer judgment and decision-making / Robert Wyer -- Unconscious cognition effects in consumer research / Claudiu V. Dimofte -- Capturing the consumer's unconscious : applying the implicit association test in consumer research / Dominika Maison & Aiden Gregg -- Social perception, self, identity & well-being -- The self in consumption / Russell Belk -- Revisiting self-congruity theory in consumer behavior : making sense of the research so far / M. Joseph Sirgy, Dong-Jin Lee, Grace B. Yu -- Social comparison processes in advertisement : on the relative sales-value of beauty / Michael Hafner -- Applying universal dimensions of social perception to consumer context : an extension of the scm/biaf models with the relevance principle / Magdalena J. Zawisza -- Does size matter? : media influences and body image / Megan Hurst, Helga Dittmar, Emma Halliwell & Phillippa C. Diedrichs -- Psychology of healthy eating / Lara Spiteri-Cornish -- Social & cultural influences -- Political marketing : theory and practice / Wojciech Cwalina, Andrzej Falkowski & Bruce I. Newman -- Religion and consumer behaviour / Elizabeth A. Minton & Lynn R. Kahle -- The psychological consequences of money for economic and social relationships / Tomasz Zaleskiewicz & Agata Gasiorowska -- Young children as consumers : their vulnerability to persuasion and its effect on their choices / Dick Mizerski, Shasha Wang, Alvin Lee, & Claire Lambert -- Decision making, attitudes & behavioural research -- Framing effects in consumer judgment and decision-making / Tobias Kroger, Tobias Vogel & Michaela Wonke -- Enhancing consumer behavior with implementation intentions / Peter M. Gollwitzer, Maik Bieleke, & Paschal Sheeran -- The elaboration likelihood model : understanding consumer attitude change / Jacob Teeny, Pablo Briol, Richard E. Petty -- Transactions as trade-offs between costs and benefits / Bernadette Kamleitner & Ruta Ruzeviciute -- Nave theories about marketing and consumption in consumer inference / Hlne Deval, Maria L. Cronley, Susan Powell Mantel & Frank R. Kardes -- What makes tomorrow's gain worth today's pain cognitive, motivational, and affective influences in consumers' self-control dilemmas / Aparna A. Labroo & Anastasiya Pocheptsova -- Sex drive and consumer decision-making / Rui Chen & Maggie Wenjing Liu -- Aging and consumer behavior : challenges and opportunities / Stephanie M. Carpenter & Carolyn Yoon -- Products, branding preferences & sustainability -- Sustainability and consumer psychology / Eda Gurel-Atay, Lynn R. Kahle & Elizabeth A. Minton -- Moving towards sustainable consumption : a psychological perspective on improvement of public transport / Margareta Friman & Tommy G?rling -- The psychology of branding / Arnd Florack & Johanna Palcu -- Aesthetics : antecedents, underlying processes, and behavioral consequences / Martin Reimann & C. Clark Cao -- Anthropomorphism / Pankaj Aggarwal & Ann L. McGill -- Internet & electronic media -- Novel phenomena, evolving frameworks: exploring social influence in the online world / Rebecca Walker Reczek & Cait Lamberton -- Representations of race, gender, and sexual orientation in gaming content / Melody A. Stotler & Karen E. Dill-Shackleford -- Personality-customised advertising in the digital environment / Sandra Matz -- Author index -- Subject index

Machine generated contents note: Foreword Preface Acknowledgments Chapter 1 The Critical Role of Business Insight The Disruptive Nature of Data An Unconventional Look at Conventional "Wisdom" Innovating at the Speed of Data Weighing Risk and Bringing the Better Part of "Gut Instinct" Back into the Equation People, Process, Technology, and Culture Starting the Journey Notes Chapter 2 The Journey: Taking the First Steps toward Transforming Your Organization Different Approaches Juggling Multiple Challenges How to Deal with Challenges Effectively Executive Sponsorship: Critical to Success Understanding Current Capabilities Aligning Capabilities with Business Objectives Let's Start the Journey Taking the First Steps to Transforming Your Organization Note Chapter 3 Challenged Organizations: When Rugged Individualism and Department Silos Aren't Enough Getting Along One Day at a Time: Organizations at the Individual Level When "Have It Your Way" Isn't a Good Thing Superhighways and Dirt Roads Consolidated, but Not Cohesive: Organizations at the Departmental Level Subject Matter Experts and Gatekeepers Understanding the True Consequences of the Challenged Levels Business Transformation Strategy Objectives for Challenged Organizations Notes Chapter 4 Foundational Organizations: Making the Leap to an Enterprise-Wide Approach The Possibilities That Come with Patience Seeing the Value across the Enterprise How an Enterprise Level Organization Functions Big Data: The Big Opportunity for Enterprise Level Organizations Don't Let Up Continuous Improvement Required Business Transformation Strategy Objectives for Foundational Organizations Chapter 5 Progressive Organizations: Harnessing the Power of Information to Achieve Market Advantage and Expand Their Business Offerings Optimization: The Easiest Business Case of All Toward Innovation and Beyond Business Transformation Strategy Objectives for Progressive Organizations Chapter 6 Centers of Excellence: The Key to Accelerate Organizational Transformation The 10,000-Foot View of Information A Quick Look at the Key Responsibilities of a CoE CoEs and the Levels of Maturity How Should CoEs Be Organized? Accelerating Maturity -- Not Creating Dependency Finding the Right Spot in the Org Chart Mapping the Mini-Units That a CoE Might Host How the CoE Helps Secure the Organizational Pillars People Information Processes Technical Infrastructure Culture Phased versus Big Bang Approach for Starting a CoE Finding the Right Funding Mechanism Selecting the Right Personalities Ramping up Your Change Agent Note Chapter 7 Starting the Journey: Developing a Strategy and Roadmap to Guide Your Business Transformation Knowing Where to Start Riyad Bank's Enterprise Business Intelligence Competency Center E.SUN Bank's Customer Risk Value Organization Success Story Takeaways Applying the Lessons from E.Sun and Riyad The Most Important Characteristics of Successful Business Transformation Strategies A Step-by-Step Look at the Key Components Identifying a Starting Point Summing It All Up In the End, It's about Being a Leader Appendix Snapshot of the Information Evolution Model The Individual Level: Getting along one day at a time Departmental Level: The consolidated organization The Enterprise Organization: A Common Sense of Purpose The Optimize Level Organization: Aligned and Ready The Innovate Level: Spawning and supporting new ideas Glossary About the Author Index

""This book is straight-forward, no-nonsense information for how to start a successful company. Read it!" --Barbara Corcoran, investor/shark on ABC's reality hit Shark Tank"The ideas in this book are key to creating the kind of enterprise that will create hundreds of thousands of jobs in the future. The goal of entrepreneurship is to reduce the risk of failure as detailed in this book." --Nolan Bushnell, inventor of Pong(r) and founder of Atari(r)"Kudos!! One Simple Idea for Startups & Entrepreneurs is brilliant !! A must read for those that have the courage to dive into their dreams. This is a true Road Map for those that have the passion to achieve their Freedom. Truly something that I wish would have been there for me 33 years ago." --Russ Hornsby, toy industry veteran, 2010 Toy of the Year award winner in seven different countries, and creator of hit toys ZhuZhu Pets(r), XiaXia Pets(r), DeGeDar(r) and others"I took one of those simple ideas and turned it into a company that now has its products in over 35,000 doors of retail distribution. With One Simple Idea for Startups & Entrepreneurs, Stephen gives us the tools we need to take an idea from your Head to the Store shelf." --Todd Basche, inventor of Word Lock(r), the #1 selling word combination lock"Any inventor or entrepreneur who wants to make money without risking hundreds of thousands in design, manufacturing, warehousing and distribution would be well served to take advantage of the practical wisdom offered up in Stephen's most recent work, One Simple Idea for Startups & Entrepreneurs." --Ron Hazelton, former home improvement editor for ABC's Good Morning America and leading authority in the do-it-yourself home improvement field"One Simple Idea for Startups and Entrepreneurs is a MUST read. The process is broken down into steps that makes it simple to follow and gives you a roadmap to Success." --Gene Luoma, Inventor of Zip-It Clean(r)"Advice is everywhere but good advice is very rare. Stephen Key' One Simple Idea for Startups & Entrepreneurs is the exception." --Steve Greenberg, author of Gadget Nation and co-host of Food Network's television program Invention Hunters"Stephen's a trailblazer in what is now widely accepted as the emerging field of frugal innovation." --Patrick Raymond, Invention Expert for Huffington Post, creator of InventionScore(r), and co-host of Invention Hunters on Food Network"Stephen Key is the real deal. Without his knowledge and willingness to share it, I would not have been able to successfully bring my own product to market. Now readers of One Simple Idea for Startups & Entrepreneurs have the same opportunity to benefit from an education in startups and just how true it is that all it takes is persistence and one simple idea." --Nancy Tedeschi, inventor of SnapIt Screw&[trademark symbol] and prize winner of the WalMart Get on the Shelf contest"--

This book analyses multi-level governance in competition policy, or "antitrust federalism" as it is called by students of competition policy, in the US and the EU from a comparative perspective. The book compares how competition laws and authorities of different levels - the federal and the state levels in the US and the national and the supranational levels in the EU - interact with each other. The EU and the US stand among the strongest existing examples of multi-level polities and they developed mature competition policies. Despite such similarities, however, recent developments imply that they are moving in different directions in the field of antitrust federalism. Inspired by these divergent policy developments taking place at both sides of the Atlantic, the book addresses three principal research questions: firstly, what are the key similarities and differences between the US and the EU in terms of antitrust federalism; secondly, what are the reasons for differences (if any), and finally, can the US and the EU draw any policy lessons from each others experiences in antitrust federalism? The book is essentially multidisciplinary in nature and it aims to initiate a dialogue between the law and political science literatures in its field. The book argues that the legal literature of antitrust federalism has employed out of date regulatory competition models which do not reflect the complexities of policy enforcement in modern multi-level polities. The book suggests that policy network models provide a more suitable framework for this analysis; and it critically reviews the British and Continental European policy network models. The book uses the common conceptual framework of European policy network models as the main analytical framework in the analysis of antitrust federalism. However, the book also shows that constitutional courts significantly affect different network designs in different polities through interpretation of constitutional power sharing and exercise mechanisms; and it critiques the political science literature for overlooking such essential role of the constitutional courts in building network models. The EU and the US are the preeminent examples of multi-level polities and both have highly developed competition policies. Despite these similarities however, recent developments suggest that they are moving in different directions in the area of antitrust federalism. This book examines multi-level governance in competition policy from a comparative perspective. The book analyses how competition laws and authorities of different levels - the federal and the state levels in the US and the national and the supranational levels in the EU - interact with each other. Inspired by the increasingly divergent policy developments taking place on both sides of the Atlantic, the author asks whether the EU and the US can draw policy lessons from each other's experiences in antitrust federalism. Antitrust Federalism in the EU and the US reveals the similarities and differences between the European and American models of antitrust federalism whilst employing policy network models in its comparative analysis of issues such as opacity and accountability in networks. The book is essentially multidisciplinary in its effort to initiate dialogue between the Law and Political Science literatures in this field. This book will be of particular interest to academics, students and practitioners of Competition Law, Constitutional Law and Political Science.

Machine generated contents note: Foreword -- by Uwe E. Reinhardt -- Acknowledgments -- Preface to the Second Edition --1 Introduction -- 1.1 Why Should the Economics of Health Be Reconsidered? -- 1.2 Purpose of the Book -- 1.3 Outline of the Book -- 2 Market Competition -- 2.1 The Traditional Economic Model -- 2.1.1 Consumers -- 2.1.2 Producers -- 2.1.3 The Economy as a Whole -- 2.1.4 Pareto Optimality and Social Welfare -- 2.2 Problems with the Traditional Model -- 2.2.1 Negative Externality: Concern About Status -- 2.2.2 Positive Externality: Concern About Others -- 2.2.3 Consumer Tastes Are Predetermined -- 2.3 Implications for Health Policy -- 2.3.1 Does the Distribution of Income Affect the Health of the Population? -- 2.3.2 Equalizing Access to Health Services -- 2.3.3 What Comes First: Allocation or Distribution? -- 2.3.4 Competition and Prevention -- 2.3.5 Government-Sponsored Health Education -- 2.3.6 Should Cost Control Be a Public Policy? -- 3 Demand Theory -- 3.1 The Traditional Economic Model -- 3.1.I Utility and Social Welfare -- 3.I.2 Revealed Preference -- 3.1.3 Demand Curves and Functions -- 3.1.4 The Meaning of Demand and Consumer Surplus --3.2 Problems with the Traditional Model -- 3.2.1 Social Welfare and Consumer Choice: A Syllogism -- 3.2.2 Are Individual Utilities Maximized When People Are Allowed to Choose? -- 3.2.3 Is Social Welfare Maximized When Individual Utilities Are Maximized? -- 3.3 Implications for Health Policy -- 3.3.1 Is Comprehensive National Health Insurance Necessarily Inefficient? -- 3.3.2 Should Patient Cost-Sharing Be Encouraged, or Should We Use Other Policies? -- 3.3.3 Should People Pay More for Price-Elastic Services? -- 3.3.4 Defined Contribution, Premium Support, and MSAS --4 Supply Theory 129 -- 4.1 The Traditional Economic Model -- 4.2 Problems with the Traditional Model -- 4.2.I Are Supply and Demand Independently Determined? -- 4.2.2 Do Firms Have Monopoly Power? -- 4.2.3 Do Firms Maximize Profits? -- 4.2.4 Do Increasing Returns to Scale Exist? -- 4.2.5 Is Production Independent of the Distribution of Wealth? -- 4.3 Implications for Health Policy -- 4.3.1 Capitation and Incentive Reimbursement -- 4.3.2 Issues Surrounding Patient Cost-Sharing -- 4.3.3 Allowing Only Selected Hospitals to Provide Particular Services -- 4.3.4 Improving Productivity by Providing Insurance -- 5 Equity and Redistribution 171 -- 5.1 The Traditional Economic Model -- 5.2 Problems with the Traditional Model -- 5.2.1 Overview of Utilitarianism -- 5.2.2 Problems with Ordinal Utilitarianism --5.3 Implications for Health Policy -- 5.3.I Providing Health Services Rather than Cash -- 5.3.2 Focusing on People's Health, Not Utility -- 5.3.3 National Health Insurance -- 6 The Role of Government 201 -- 6.1 Alternative Views on the Role of Government -- 6.1.1 Market Failure -- 6.1.2 Government Failure -- 6.2 Different Approaches to the Role of Government in the -- Health Services Sector -- 6.2.1 Structure of the System -- 6.2.2 Nature of Coverage and Delivery -- 6.2.3 Regulation of Prices and Expenditures -- 6.2.4 Regulation of Volume -- 6.2.5 Control of Input Supply -- 6.3 Cross-National Data on Health System Performance -- 6.3.1 Access -- 6.3.2 Utilization -- 6.3.3 Expenditures -- 6.3.4 Quality and Satisfaction -- 6.3.5 Equity of Financing System -- 6.3.6 Summary of Evidence -- 6.4 Ten "Lessons" on the Role of Government in Health Systems --7 Conclusion 271 -- Appendix: Overview of the Health Services Systems -- in Ten Developed Countries -- by Miriam J. Laugesen and Thomas Rice 275 -- References 306 -- Index 335 -- About the Author 342

Chapter 1. Advances in Chinese Children, Adolescent and Family Research (Moon Law, DSW, Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Ariel Tenenbaum, MD, and Joav Merrick, MD, DMSc, School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Section One: Child and Adolescent Development -- Chapter 2. Reliability and Validity of the Chinese Version of the Psycho-Educational Profile (Third Edition) for Children with Developmental Problems (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, and Lu Yu, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China) -- Chapter 3. The Impacts of a UNICEF Health Promotion Project on Primary Health Care in Western China: A Comprehensive Evaluation at Provincial Level (Yuxue Bi, PhD, Dejian Lai, PhD, and Hong Yan, MD, PhD, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, and others) -- Chapter 4. Materialism in Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong: Profiles and Socio-Demographic Correlates (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Li Lin, PhD, Andrew MH Siu, PhD, and Britta M. Lee, Department of Applied Social Sciences and Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China) -- Chapter 5. Materialism and Egocentrism in Chinese Adolescents in Hong Kong: Perceptions of Teachers (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Cecilia Ma, PhD, Andrew MH Siu, PhD, and Britta M. Lee, Department of Applied Social Sciences and Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China) -- Section Two: Family environment -- Chapter 6. Family Mealtime Environment and Child Behavior Outcomes in Chinese Preschool Children (Cynthia Leung, PhD, Sandra Tsang, PhD, Sing Kai Lo, PhD, and Ruth Chan, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 7. Families in Transition in Hong Kong: Implications to Family Research and Practice (Janet TY Leung, PhD, and Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 8. Subjective Outcome Evaluation of the Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S. Project in China: View of the Students (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Tak Yan Lee, PhD, Julie Zhu and Lawrence K Ma, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 9. Evaluation of the Project P.A.T.H.S. in Mainland China: Views of the Program Implementers in Senior High Schools (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Florence KY Wu, EdD, Rachel Sun and Mengtong Chen, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 10. Evaluation of the Training Program of a Positive Youth Development Program: Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S. Project in China (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Janet TY Leung, PhD, Rachel CF Sun, Mengtong Chen, PhD, and Chi Kin Chung, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 11. Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S. Project in Mainland China: Preliminary Evaluation Findings (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Tak-Yan Lee, PhD, Rachel CF Sun, PhD, Florence KY Wu, EdD, and Janet TY Leung, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 12. Evaluation Findings of Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S. Project Implemented in Junior Secondary Schools: Implementers' Views (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Xiaoqin Zhu, PhD, and Janet TY Leung, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China) -- Chapter 13. Subjective Outcome Evaluation of the Tin Ka Ping P.A.T.H.S. Project: Views of Senior Secondary School Students (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Rachel CF Sun, Irene Wu, PhD, and Moon YM Law, Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 14. Implementation of the Tin Ka Pin Project in Two Chinese Cities: Students' Subjective Outcome Evaluation (Lu Yu, PhD, and Esther YW Shek, Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China, and others) -- Chapter 15. Subjective Outcome Evaluation of a Service Leadership Subject: Findings Based on University Students in Hong Kong (Janet TY Leung, PhD, and Daniel TL Shek, PhD,Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China) -- Chapter 16. Student Development under a New General Education Program in Hong Kong: A 3-Year Longitudinal Assessment (Daniel TL Shek, PhD, Lu Yu, PhD, and Xiaoqin Zhu, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China) -- Chapter 17. Promotion of Service Leadership Qualities in Chinese University Students: Objective Outcome Evaluation Based on Six Waves of Data (Hildie Leung, PhD, Daniel TL Shek, PhD, and Li Lin, PhD, Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China) -- Section Two: Acknowledgements -- Chapter 18. About the Editors -- Chapter 19. About the Center for Children with Chronic Diseases and Down Syndrome Center Jerusalem, Israel, Department of Pediatrics, Mt Scopus Campus, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel -- Chapter 20. About the Department of Applied Social Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hunghom, Hong Kong -- Chapter 21. About the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development -- Chapter 22. About the Book Series "Public health: Practices, Methods and Policies" -- Section Three: Index.

The effectiveness of development cooperation (DC) is a topic of extensive debate in this policy field. Yet despite numerous review and evaluation formats designed to promote learning processes and hence enhance effectiveness, it is often impossible to document these improvements. Against this backdrop, the present paper aims to analyse the usefulness of ex-post evaluations (EPEs) by KfW Development Bank – both within KfW Development Bank and at the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), from which it receives its commissions. Research indicates that EPEs are conducted with great care. Moreover, EPEs can contribute to the legitimacy of (financial) DC, as project results are considered and presented in a structured manner. Nevertheless, the people interviewed for this study regard EPEs as (highly) subjective assessments and believe that these evaluations may under certain circumstances not be comparable with one another. Yet EPEs need to be comparable, because their overall ratings are used to calculate the success rate, which is currently around 81%. This in turn affects KfW's reporting on its performance to BMZ and to the public. The data from the interviews shows that trade-offs during the production and use of EPEs appear to limit the usefulness of this format. EPEs are designed to deliver accountability to the public and to BMZ and to promote learning within KfW. These are conflicting objectives, however, as they would each require a different approach. According to those interviewed at KfW and BMZ, EPEs are seldom read or used. Interviewees explain that EPEs are rarely relevant to people working in operational areas, as the evaluations are not published until several years after the project concerned has been completed and only occasionally contain information that is relevant to current projects. The evaluations cannot be conducted sooner, however, as otherwise they would not be able to assess the sustainability and development impact of a project. Moreover, interviews and evidence from other studies indicate that EPEs are of limited relevance to political steering at BMZ, even in aggregated form. Nonetheless, the author believes that it would not be an option to no longer conduct EPEs, as they are the only way to review the development impact and sustainability of a representative number of projects in an affordable way, thus forming the basis for delivering accountability. Reconciling the conflicting goals of learning and accountability is challenging. For the learning component, it would appear to be a good idea to make greater use of cross-sectional analyses and to establish a central support structure for all implementing organisations and BMZ with a view to compiling all the key information from the evaluations and forwarding it to both BMZ and KfW and to the partner countries in a form tailored to meet their needs. For the accountability component, transparency also needs to be enhanced by making completed evaluation reports available to the public promptly and in full. In addition to an evaluation of international research literature, this paper particularly draws on empirical interview data. A total of 13 specifically selected experts from the German DC system were interviewed. This interview data thus forms an illustrative but not representative sample.

The evolution of urbanism under dictatorship forms the core of the current research. This thesis is part of a research network at Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, which studies the 20th century's urbanism under different dictatorships. The network has provided a cross-cultural and cross-border environment and has enabled the author to communicate with other like-minded researchers. The 2015 published book of this group 'Urbanism and Dictatorship: A European Perspective' strengthens the foundation of this research's theoretical and methodological framework. This thesis investigates urban policies and plans leading to the advancement of urbanization and the transformation of urban space in Iran during the second Pahlavi (1941-1979) when the country faced a milestone in its history: Nationalization of the Iranian oil industry. By reflecting the influence of economic and socio‐political determinants of the time on urbanism and the urbanization process, this work intends to critically trace the effect of dictatorship on evolved urbanism before and after the oil nationalization in 1951. The research on the second Pahlavi's urbanism has been limitedly addressed and has only recently expanded. Most of the conducted studies date back to less than a decade ago and could not incorporate all the episodes of the second Pahlavi urbanism. These works have often investigated urbanism and architecture by focusing merely on the physical features and urban products in different years regardless of the importance of urbanism as a tool in the service of hegemony. In other words, the majority of the available literature does not intend to address the socio-economic and political roots of urban transformations and by questioning 'what has been built?' investigates the individual urban projects and plans designed by individual designers without interlinking these projects to the state's urban planning program and tracing the beneficiaries of those projects or questioning 'built for whom?' Moreover, some chapters of this modern urbanism have rarely been investigated. For instance, scant research has looked into the works of foreign designers and consultants involved in the projects such as Peter Georg Ahrens or Constantinos A. Doxiadis. Similarly, the urbanism of the first decade of the second Pahlavi, including the government of Mossadegh, has mainly been overlooked. Therefore, by critically analyzing the state's urban planning program and the process of urbanization in Iran during the second Pahlavi, this research aims to bridge the literature gap and to unravel the effect of the power structure on urban planning and products while seeking to find a pattern behind the regime's policies. The main body of this work is concentrated on studying the history of urbanism in Iran, of which collecting data and descriptions played a crucial role. To prevent the limitations associated with singular methods, this research's methodology is based on methodological triangulation (Denzin, 2017). With the triangulation scheme, the data is gathered by combining different qualitative and quantitative methods such as the library, archival and media research, online resources, non-participatory observation, and photography. For the empirical part, the city of Tehran is selected as the case study. Moreover, individual non-structured interviews with the locals were conducted to gain more insights regarding urban projects.

History, however, is not Phillips's strong suit. Moreover, his peculiar take on the country's cyclical experience with wealth and democracy is a telling commentary on his own oddly inflected populism. His is the populism of the 'silent majority,' which first made his reputation back in the days of Richard Nixon's 'southern strategy.' Phillips's lingering Republican past leads him to fantasize about some underground tradition of progressive middle-class Republicanism, which in Phillips's quirky narrative confection embraces the governments of William McKinley, Richard Nixon, and Abraham Lincoln. Phillips imagines these regimes as all suspicious of unsupervised wealth and mildly friendly to labor, while nonetheless operating under the dominating influence of the economic elites of their day. The characterization might loosely apply to Lincoln's new party, although the great merchant bankers of the antebellum North were the Great Emancipator's loyal opposition, not his natural constituency. When applied to McKinley and Nixon the notion verges on the preposterous--industrial workers in 1896 were terrorized into voting for the Ohio governor or staying away from the polls, while the whole tenor of the Republican campaign and the McKinley presidency that followed entailed an explicit repudiation of any suggestion of wealth redistribution or government regulation of big business. The evidence for Nixon's labor sympathies seems to consist of presidential invitations extended to the ossified leadership of the AFL-CIO to visit the White House. Phillips himself acknowledges that in every case--even in the one that most robustly supports his argument, namely Teddy Roosevelt's reign--the Republicans soon gave themselves over to the most self-interested, money-mad, socially irresponsible fat cats who always peopled the party's inner sanctums. As the author demonstrates, only during the Progressive Era, which was half Democratic, and during the New Deal order did the apportionment of national income and wealth swing the other way and were the commanding institutions of the private sector subject to some serious public surveillance and discipline. The Clinton interregnum, conversely, was the outcome of what Phillips calls the first white-collar recession of the early nineties-itself a fitting epitaph to the extreme 'financialization' of the Gordon Gekko years--conjoined to the rapidly inflating Internet bubble. The atmosphere of sixties' cultural liberation that hovered over the Clinton administration had more to do with the borrowed anti-hierarchical argot and upscale designer egalitarianism of the new dot-com billionaires than it did with any sixties-era political engagement with the lower orders. While the New Deal welfare state was wrapping up its affairs, the new information-age elites were busy putting in place a global corporate welfare system of 'financial mercantilism.' Wall Street quickly acclimated itself to the new environment. It became heavily invested not only financially and not only because the microprocessor transformed the way it conducted its own high-velocity speculations. Psychologically and culturally as well, the Street became vested in new-era hype. Phillips talks about 'grinds and globalists' supplanting the old skull-and-bones elites, committed to a relentless, de-regulated 'securitization' of the universe, transforming customary signs of distress into market-cheering acts of 'downsizing,' deepening the chasm between the haves and the have-nots at home and abroad.

Part 1. Putting LGBTQ Issues on the Map -- 1. Maps of LGBT Issues Across the Globe (Stanley D. Brunn, Donna Gilbreath and Richard Gilbreath) -- 2. Representing the Perception of Violence in São Paulo, Brazil in Mental Maps: Queer Cartography as a Theoretical and Methodological Approach (Vinicius Santos Almeida) -- 3. Policy Makes a Family: Croatian LGBTQ Movement and the Struggle for Fostering Rights (Natalija Stepanović) -- 4. Law and Morality: Evolution of LGBT Rights in Estonia, Hungary and Poland—from Communist Past to Current Reality (Lehte Roots) -- 5. Queerness and Performance (un)doing the Map: Perspectives from the Global South (Kaciano Gadelha) -- 6. Representing the Hijras of South Asia: Toward Transregional and Global Flows (Aniruddha Dutta, Adnan Hossain and Claire Pamment) -- 7. Bench Love in Daneshjoo Park: Queering Public Spaces and Pedagogy for the Public in Teheran (Jón Ingvar Kjaran and Mohammad Naeimi) -- 8. LGBTQ+ Topographies: An Analysis of Socio-spatial Interactions by Mapping of Social Media in São Paulo and Berlin (Maycon Sedrez) -- 9. "The Whole Neighborhood is Becoming Gay!" Reflections on the Effects of Geolocated Dating Apps on the Practice and Perception of the Urban Space of Gay Men in Major French Cities (Clément Nicolle with translation by Nicholas Sowels) -- Part 2. Challenging Knowledge Production -- 10. Re-signifying Political Spatiality and Spatial Politics of all-Gender Spaces in New York (Stephanie Bonvissuto) -- 11. Enhancing the Erotic as Power: Sexuality and Pleasure in Feminist, Lesbian and Queer Spaces in Rome and Madrid (Giada Bonu) -- 12. Measuring Global Attitudes Toward Homosexuality: A Critical Review of LGBT indexes (Jaime Barrientos and Bladimir González) -- 13. Thinking Critically about 'Men who have Sex with Men' Data Collection and use in the Global South: Examples from the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (Andrew Tucker) -- 14. Gay Men Living with HIV in England and Italy in Times of Undetectability: A Life Course Perspective (Cesare Di Feliciantonio) -- 15. How Gay Men Viewed old Gay Men when they were Young or First Came out (Peter B. Robinson and Paul Simpson) -- 16. The Changing Geography of Homosexuality in Santiago de Chile: Is the Individual a New Space for Analysis? (Pablo Astudillo Lizama) -- 17. Dangerous Liaisons: Neoliberal Tropes of the 'Normal' and 'Middle-class Respectability' in the Post-socialist LG(BT) Activism (Roberto Kulpa) -- 18. When the City Calls: Mapping Indigenous Australian Queer Placemaking in Sydney (Corrinne T. Sullivan) -- 19. LGBT People in Small and Medium Villages: Spatial Analyses of Everyday Experiences in a Catalan Region (Maria Rodó-Zárate) -- Part 3. Making LGBTQ Places and Spaces Visible -- 20. Toward a Queering of the Right to the City: Insights from the Tensions in LGBTIQ+ politics in Geneva, the "Capital of Peace" (Karine Duplan) -- 21. Space and Identity: Comparing the Production of Queer Spaces in Amsterdam and Hong Kong (Katie Poltz) -- 22. When the Gay Village is Somewhere else: Reflections on LGBTQ+ Public Policies in Catalan Rural Areas (Jose Antonio Langarita, Jordi Mas Grau and Pilar Albertín Carbó) -- 23. When a Kiss is not Just a Kiss? Geographies of Lesbian and Gay Intimacy in France (Marianne Blidon) -- 24. Parading for the Future: Queer Temporalities of Pride in an Ordinary Israeli City (Gilly Hartal, Adi Moreno and Yossi David) -- 25. A decade of Prague Pride: Mapping Origins, Seeking Meanings, Understanding Effects (Michal Pitoňák) -- 26. Resisting pinkwashing: Adaptive Queerness in Vancouver Pride Parades (Andy Holmes) -- 27. On being Trans in Norway: Negotiating Belonging Through and within the (cis)gender Imaginary (france rose hartline) -- 28. Recognition or Othering? Trans*Representation in Russian Media (Tania Zabolotnaya and Katharina Wiedlack) -- Part 4. Resisting Oppression and Violence -- 29. The 'S' Factor: Feminist and Queer Movements and the Production of Safer Spaces in Urban Contexts in Rome and Madrid (Giada Bonu) -- 30. Gender Violence and Public Spaces in France and the United Kingdom: Contributions by Trans Studies to Feminist Geographies (Milan Bonté) -- 31. Displaying (trans)gender in Space and Time: Deconstructing Spatial Binaries of Violence and Security in the UK and Portugal (Ana Cristina Marques) -- 32. Out in the Country and in the city: Discourses and Practices of Being out in the Hungarian LGBTQ Community (Rita Béres-Deák) -- 33. Limiting Queerness: Finding the Spatiality and Spatial Boundaries of LGBTQ+ Community Centers (Stephanie Bonvissuto) -- 34. Queer Vietnamese Youths' Manoeuvring and (re)negotiation of Filial Duties: Becoming the Good Citizen (Silje Mathisen) -- 35. Resilience in the Face of Heteronormativity: Experiences of non-heterosexual Young Women in the Family Home in Manresa, Catalonia (Júlia Pascual Bordas) -- 36. Lesbian Life in a French Prison: Surveillance, Refuge and Self-naming (Natacha Chetcuti-Osorovitz with Translation by Sandrine Sanos) -- 37. "It's not About Surviving; it's About Protecting Ourselves": An Exploratory Field Study on Male Homosexuality in French Working-class Neighbourhoods (Axel Ravier) -- Part 5. Building LGBTQ Community and Perspectives -- 38. Experiencing Double Penalty for Being Gay and Asian in the West: How Intersection Modifies Migration Decisions of South Korean Gays and Lesbians (Marion Gilbert) -- 39. LGBTQ+ Choirs, Community Music, Queer Artistic Citizenship in London (Thomas R. Hilder) -- 40. An Emerging World of LGBT Stamps: (Stanley D. Brunn) -- 41. The Other Side of Laugavegur: Past Queer Spaces in Reykjavik (Ásta Kristín Benediktsdóttir and Jón Ingvar Kjaran) -- 42. Gay Inheritance Decisions: Family of Choice or Family of Origin (Peter B. Robinson) -- 43. Childhood Schools and the Ideal Citizen: Efforts to Support LGBTQ Children in Australian Schools in the 1980s and 2000s (Scott McKinnon) -- 44. Teaching Teenagers about Gender Norms and Sexuality Through Spatiality in French Rurality (Alix Teffo Sanchez) -- 45. Trans Mobility across Borders: Towards an Intersectional Account of Trans Diaspora in Migration Studies (Victor Jorquera, Andrés Di Masso and Marianne Blidon).

Machine generated contents note: Preface: Systematizing Success Lessons from the world's fastest growing companies PART 1: NAIL A NICHE Chapter 1: "NICHE" DOESN'T MEAN SMALL ARE YOU SURE YOU'RE READY TO GROW FASTER? HOW TO KNOW IF YOU'VE NAILED A NICHE ACHIEVE WORLD DOMINATION ONE NICHE AT A TIME THE ARC OF ATTENTION Chapter 2: SIGNS OF SLOGGING ARE YOU A NICE-TO-HAVE? BIG COMPANIES SUFFER TOO WHERE AARON WENT WRONG YOUR CURRENT STRENGTH CAN BE A FUTURE WEAKNESS Chapter 3: HOW TO NAIL IT WHERE CAN YOU BE A BIG FISH IN A SMALL POND? WORK THROUGH THE NICHE MATRIX HOW AVANOO NAILED IT JASON'S 20-INTERVIEW RULE Chapter 4: YOUR PITCH IF YOU WERE A RADIO STATION, WOULD ANYONE TUNE IN? ELEVATOR PITCHES ARE ALWAYS FRUSTRATING THEY DON'T CARE ABOUT "YOU": 3 SIMPLE QUESTIONS PART TWO: CREATE PREDICTABLE PIPELINE INTRODUCTION: LEAD GENERATION ABSOLVES MANY SINS Chapter 5: SEEDS - CUSTOMER SUCCESS HOW TO GROW SEEDS PREDICTABLY CASE STUDY: HOW GILD DROPPED MONTHLY CHURN FROM 4% TO 1% CASE STUDY: CUSTOMER SERVICE EXCELLENCE AT TOPCON Chapter 6: NETS - INBOUND MARKETING THE FORCING FUNCTION YOUR MARKETING LEADER NEEDS: A "LEAD COMMIT" CORPORATE MARKETING VS. DEMAND GENERATION CASE STUDY: ZENEFITS FROM $1 MILLION TO $100 MILLION IN TWO YEARS INBOUND MARKETING: A 4-POINT PRIMER HEROIC MARKETING: WHEN YOU HAVE NO MONEY AND LITTLE TIME Chapter 7: SPEARS - OUTBOUND PROSPECTING WHERE OUTBOUND WORKS BEST - AND WHERE IT FAILS OUTBOUND LESSONS LEARNED SINCE PREDICTABLE REVENUE WAS PUBLISHED CASE STUDY: ZENEFITS' OUTBOUND LESSONS ACQUIA: OUTBOUND'S ROLE IN A $100 MILLION TRAJECTORY GUIDESPARK: FROM ZERO TO $10 MILLION WITH OUTBOUND TAPSTREAM: STARTING FROM SCRATCH CHAPTER X: WHAT EXECUTIVES MISS PIPELINE CREATION RATE: YOUR #1 LEADING METRIC THE 15/85 RULE: EARLY ADOPTERS AND MAINSTREAM BUYERS WHY YOU'RE UNDERESTIMATING CUSTOMER LIFETIME VALUE CHAPTER 8: WHAT EXECUTIVES MISS PIPELINE CREATION RATE: YOUR #1 LEADING METRIC THE 15/85 RULE: EARLY ADOPTERS AND MAINSTREAM BUYERS WHY YOU'RE UNDERESTIMATING CUSTOMER LIFETIME VALUE PART 3: MAKE SALES SCALABLE Chapter 9: LEARN FROM OUR MISTAKES GROWTH CREATES MORE PROBLEMS THAN IT SOLVES -BUT THEY ARE BETTER PROBLEMS JASON'S TOP 12 MISTAKES IN BUILDING SALES TEAMS ADVICE FROM THE VP SALES BEHIND LINKEDIN AND ECHOSIGN Chapter 10: SPECIALIZATION: YOUR #1 SALES MULTIPLIER WHY SALESPEOPLE SHOULDN'T PROSPECT CASE STUDY: HOW CLIO RESTRUCTURED SALES IN 3 MONTHS CAN YOU BE TOO SMALL, OR TOO BIG, TO SPECIALIZE? SPECIALIZATION: TWO COMMON OBJECTIONS SPECIALIZATION SNAPSHOT AT ACQUIA CHAPTER 11: HIRING BEST PRACTICES FOR SALES SIMPLE HIRING TRICKS WHEN DOING SOMETHING NEW, START WITH TWO CHAPTER 12: HIRING BEST PRACTICES FOR SALES SIMPLE HIRING TRICKS WHEN DOING SOMETHING NEW, START WITH TWO THE $100M HUBSPOT SALES MACHINE: RECRUITING AND COACHING ESSENTIALS CASE STUDY: HOW TO CUT DOWN ON WASTED INTERVIEWING TIME CHAPTER 13: SCALING THE SALES TEAM IF YOU'RE CHURNING MORE THAN 10% OF YOUR SALESPEOPLE, THEY AREN'T THE PROBLEM ZENEFITS CASE STUDY: SCALING SALES FROM 2 TO 350 REPS PUT NON-SALES LEADERS ON VARIABLE COMP PLANS, TOO TRUTH = MONEY PIPELINE DEFICIT DISORDER ARE YOUR ENTERPRISE DEALS TAKING FOREVER? FIVE KEY SALES METRICS (WITH A TWIST) Chapter 14: FOR STARTUPS ONLY EVERY TECH PRODUCT SHOULD HAVE A SERVICE OPTION WHAT JASON INVESTS IN + DO YOU NEED TO RAISE MONEY TO SCALE? WHAT THE HEADCOUNT OF A 100-PERSON SAAS COMPANY LOOKS LIKE PART 4: DOUBLE YOUR DEALSIZE Painful Truth: It's hard to build a big business out of small deals. Chapter 15: DEALSIZE MATH WHAT JASON LEARNED: YOU NEED 50 MILLION USERS TO MAKE FREEMIUM WORK SMALL DEALS GET YOU STARTED, BIG DEALS DRIVE GROWTH CHAPTER 16: NOT TOO BIG, NOT TOO SMALL When you can't turn small deals into big ones IF YOU HAVE CUSTOMERS OF ALL SIZES Chapter 17: GOING UPMARKET IF YOU DON'T WANT SALESPEOPLE ADD ANOTHER TOP PRICING TIER PRICING IS ALWAYS A PAIN GOING FORTUNE 1000: BY MARK CRANNEY PART 5: Do The Time Chapter 18: EMBRACE FRUSTRATION ARE YOU SURE YOU'RE READY FOR THIS? EVERYONE HAS A YEAR OF HELL COMFORT IS THE ENEMY OF GROWTH REACHING ESCAPE VELOCITY Chapter 19: SUCCESS ISN'T A STRAIGHT LINE THE ANXIETY ECONOMY & ENTREPRENEUR DEPRESSION MARK SUSTER'S QUESTION: "SHOULD YOU LEARN OR EARN?" WHEN A STRAIGHT LINE ISN'T THE SHORTEST PATH TO SUCCESS CHANGE YOUR WORLD, NOT THE WORLD PART 6: EMBRACE EMPLOYEE OWNERSHIP Chapter 20: A REALITY CHECK DEAR EXECUTIVES (FROM EMPLOYEE) DEAR EMPLOYEE (FROM EXECUTIVES) PS: "DEAR SENIOR EXECUTIVES, DON'T GET LEFT BEHIND" (FROM CEO AND BOARD) ARE YOUR PEOPLE RENTING, OR OWNING? Chapter 21: FOR EXECUTIVES: CREATE FUNCTIONAL OWNERSHIP A SIMPLE SURVEY "NO SURPRISES" FUNCTIONAL OWNERSHIP CASE STUDY: HOW STRUGGLING TEAM TURNED INTO A SELF-MANAGING SUCCESS To Turn Things Around Chapter 22: TAKING OWNERSHIP TO THE NEXT LEVEL FINANCIAL OWNERSHIP MOVE PEOPLE AROUND THE 4 TYPES OF EMPLOYEES PART 7: DEFINE YOUR DESTINY Chapter 23: ARE YOU ABDICATING YOUR OPPORTUNITY? YOUR OPPORTUNITY IS BIGGER THAN YOU REALIZE HOW TO EXPAND YOUR OPPORTUNITY AT WORK YOU NEED SOME HUMDRUM PASSIONS YOUR COMPANY ISN'T YOUR MOMMY OR DADDY BACK TO FORCING FUNCTIONS: HOW TO MOTIVATE YOURSELF TO DO THINGS YOU DON'T FEEL LIKE DOING SALES IS A LIFE SKILL SALES IS A MULTI-STEP PROCESS Chapter 24: COMBINING MONEY AND MEANING MEANING GONE WRONG WHAT'S YOUR UNIQUE GENIUS? IGNORING REAL LIFE DOESN'T MAKE IT GO AWAY AARON: HOW THE HELL DO YOU JUGGLE 9+ KIDS AND WORK?