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From the New York Times bestselling author of Nudge and The World According to Star Wars, a revealing account of how today's Internet threatens democracy—and what can be done about itAs the Internet grows more sophisticated, it is creating new threats to democracy. Social media companies such as Facebook can sort us ever more efficiently into groups of the like-minded, creating echo chambers that amplify our views. It's no accident that on some occasions, people of different political views cannot even understand one another. It's also no surprise that terrorist groups have been able to exploit social media to deadly effect. Welcome to the age of #Republic.In this revealing book, New York Times bestselling author Cass Sunstein shows how today's Internet is driving political fragmentation, polarization, and even extremism--and what can be done about it. He proposes practical and legal changes to make the Internet friendlier to democratic deliberation, showing that #Republic need not be an ironic term. Rather, it can be a rallying cry for the kind of democracy that citizens of diverse societies need most

In the qualitative research on organisations, micro-politics and studies of work are dealt with in separate registers including distinct cases, concepts, and phenomena. Studies in micro-politics focus on the members' self-organizing tactics within dynamic relations of power. They seek to influence the power relations to their fraction's advantage. Studies of work focus on members' tricks of the trade preferably in demanding situations. Here, communities of practice develop methods and techniques to overcome recurring obstacles at work. The separation of the two microanalytics turns out to be little productive in moments when practical tasks become themselves doubtful, e.g. when order-takers (here, US-American soldiers) are persistently troubled by an order. For them, what to do next becomes methodically and tactically demanding. In the critical moments before the bombing, the soldiers hurry to change the order micro-politically, while getting ready to execute it. Can the subordinates work at all against the military order? The order-takers follow the order on the frontstage, while making provisions against it on the backstage. This twotrack policy, while failing to prevent the order, turns out to be productive nonetheless. It allows the soldiers to account for their work as dutiful and responsible. ; + Sprache: eng

Introduction: Immigrant families plan their immigration trajectories and destinations long before they set foot in Canada. Families change and become reconfigured through the immigration and settlement process. It is a life-changing event that results in important sacrifices, changes in gender and family dynamics, living arrangements, and expectations of support. Having the support of a family network is the most important predictor of settlement success (Creese et al., 2008; Lewis-Watts, 2006; Telegdi, 2006). Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC hereafter) plays a pivotal role in structuring the newcomer family through immigration policy, and shapes settlement through funding services and programs. IRCC holds the authority to enter into service agreements with organizations and represents the most important source of funding for newcomer settlement services across Canada (except Quebec). Settlement policies and program guidelines determine to whom and how services are delivered. Therefore, they have great influence on newcomer settlement outcomes. On its Settlement Priorities webpage, IRCC (2017a) identifies as a key priority "improving knowledge creation and management through policy-relevant research and knowledge mobilization that […] suggest concrete options for improved settlement service delivery". Recent academic research as well as findings from the ITIF project demonstrate that immigration and settlement, in a fundamental way, are family experiences. It follows that if the settlement sector is mandated to serve immigrants' needs, they must use a service framework that situates immigrants within these social realities. This paper is designed to inform decision-makers about research findings on newcomer families that confirm the observations of settlement workers and can guide policy. Five key practical recommendations for implementing a Family Approach in the settlement service framework and policies are being presented to IRCC settlement policy-makers. This paper challenges the current individualistic structure of IRCC settlement program design and policy. Ultimately, we seek to improve settlement services for newcomers by influencing multiple levels of the settlement sector to reflect the interconnectedness of newcomer needs with a web of social relations. ; Dargy, T. (2018). Serving Immigrant Families: Using Knowledge Translation to Inform a Family Approach in the Settlement Sector. RCIS Working Paper No. 1. Ryerson Centre for Immigration and Settlement.

Executive Summary (English Version) Funding from IRCC to Service Provider Organizations throughout Canada (except Quebec) has enabled 412,390 newcomers to access settlement services in the last year (IRCC, 2017d). Stakeholders of the settlement sector agree that the settlement outcomes of immigrants "will have significant and long-term impacts on the cohesion and strength of Canadian society" (OCASI, 2011, p.2). IRCC, as one of the largest stakeholders of the successful integration of immigrants, has expressed its commitment to working with immigrant serving agencies "to build a client-centered approach" for program design and delivery of settlement services (OCASI, 2010, p.4). At the same time, IRCC values rigorous academic research focused on immigration and settlement to better inform evidence-based policy. Upon close examination of settlement policy, we find that there is a significant gap between recent empirical findings and current settlement service models. IRCC funded settlement services conceptualize and thereby treat immigrants as discrete individual units. However, empirical studies demonstrate that a fundamental dimension of the settlement process is experienced at the relational, social, and family levels. The Integration Trajectories of Immigrant Families project unveils new findings on the family as a key unit of analysis for settlement. This evidence provides a unique opportunity to improve the current settlement service framework. This position paper directly targets decision-makers for settlement policy. Three overarching orientations for action were identified: • Need to complicate the current conceptualization of immigrants as individuals • Need to incorporate a holistic family approach in settlement policy and services • Need to draw on empirical evidence that recognizes and lends support to settlement workers' first-hand observations and experience-driven insight Through ongoing consultations with two prominent settlement agencies in the Greater Toronto Area, empirical knowledge combined with settlement practitioner observations were translated into a holistic evidence-based, client-centered framework for settlement services: A Family Approach. Incorporating a Family Approach in the settlement sector implies a re-thinking of the framework behind program design, policy, settlement funding, outcome measurement, and service delivery, which are currently using an individualistic approach. We urge IRCC to adopt five key practical recommendations for the implementation of a Family Approach in settlement services: 1. Inscribe the Family Approach as an explicit framework/method of the Needs Assessment and Referral program and the Information and Orientation program service agreements 2. Add a section on the family in the Needs Assessment and Referral iCARE reporting platform, with markers to identify family needs 3. Coordinate settlement needs at the family level by linking family members' files in iCARE to reflect the inter-connectedness of needs and collect social capital measures 4. Enhance the recognition of family needs through the expansion of paracounselling support services, inclusive family programs, and social networking programs 5. Adopt an inclusive and flexible definition of family across settlement policy RCIS Working Paper No. 2018/1 The purpose of these recommendations is to empower immigrant families of all forms to acquire social supports for settlement and to provide both settlement organizations and IRCC with a family-level representation of newcomer settlement needs for future evidence-based policy-making. Incorporating a Family Approach would result in services that better address newcomers' settlement realities by taking into account the family, in all its forms, and to develop prevention of domestic violence and intergenerational conflict. ; Dargy, T. (2017). Serving immigrant families [Working paper]: Using knowledge translation to inform a family approach in the settlement sector. Toronto: Ryerson Centre for Immigration and Settlement.

Intro -- Vorwort -- Das Europäische Kompetenzzentrum für Glocken –Verfahren zur Beurteilung von Glocken -- Zusammenfassung -- 1. Die Glocke aus ingenieursmäßiger Sicht -- 2. Schlagverschleiß an Glocken -- 3. Materialermüdung und Anschlagsintensität als Bewertungsmaßstab fürdas Schadensrisiko -- 4. Das Drehen von Glocken -- Literatur -- Prinzipien der Denkmalpflege bei der Sanierung von Kirchenglockenanhand von Beispielen -- Zusammenfassung -- 1. Restaurierung von Glocken aus Bronze und Stahl aus Sicht der Denkmalpflege.Was will und kann die Denkmalpflege hier leisten. -- 2. Denkmalschutzgerechtes Vorgehen bei Reparatur / Restaurierung -- 3. Weitere Materialien und Metalle -- Läuteoptimierung zur Schonung von Glocken -- Zusammenfassung -- 1. Parameter zur Schonung von Glocken -- 2. Läute- und Anschlagbedingungen -- Sanierungskonzepte zur Schonung von Glocken in der Praxis -- Umgang mit dem Kulturgut Glocke -- Klangbildung und Klangwirkung –Beobachtungen zum Einfluss des technischen Umfelds auf die Glockenmusik -- Zusammenfassung -- 1. Einführung -- 2. Der "Wohlklang" – Versuch einer Definition -- 3. Der Zusammenhang von Klöppeldimensionierung und Klangwirkung -- 4. Wohlklang im Widerstreit mit anderen Interessen -- Variationsmöglichkeiten der Läutesystem für Lautstärkensenkung undstatische Problembehebung -- Schluss -- Sanierung unter baudynamischen, klanglichen und glockenschonendenAspekten – eine Werkschau -- 1. Ein Rückblick -- 2. Erwartungen an das ECC-ProBell -- 3. Werkschau -- Simulation des Klöppelanschlags –Einfluss der Klöppelgestaltung auf den Klang -- Zusammenfassung -- 1. Einleitung -- 2. Klöppelformen und Klang von Glocken in der Praxis -- 3. Physik des Klöppelanschlags -- 4. Computer-Simulation -- 5. Simulationsergebnisse -- 6. Resümee -- Literatur

Prolonged seizures (status epilepticus, SE) may drive hippocampal dysfunction and epileptogenesis, at least partly, through an elevation in neurogenesis, dysregulation of migration and aberrant dendritic arborization of newly-formed neurons. MicroRNA-22 was recently found to protect against the development of epileptic foci, but the mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we investigated the contribution of microRNA-22 to SE-induced aberrant adult neurogenesis. SE was induced by intraamygdala microinjection of kainic acid (KA) to model unilateral hippocampal neuropathology in mice. MicroRNA-22 expression was suppressed using specific oligonucleotide inhibitors (antagomir-22) and newly-formed neurons were visualized using the thymidine analog iodo-deoxyuridine (IdU) and a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing retrovirus to visualize the dendritic tree and synaptic spines. Using this approach, we quantified differences in the rate of neurogenesis and migration, the structure of the apical dendritic tree and density and morphology of dendritic spines in newly-formed neurons.SE resulted in an increased rate of hippocampal neurogenesis, including within the undamaged contralateral dentate gyrus (DG). Newly-formed neurons underwent aberrant migration, both within the granule cell layer and into ectopic sites. Inhibition of microRNA-22 exacerbated these changes. The dendritic diameter and the density and average volume of dendritic spines were unaffected by SE, but these parameters were all elevated in mice in which microRNA-22 was suppressed. MicroRNA-22 inhibition also reduced the length and complexity of the dendritic tree, independently of SE. These data indicate that microRNA-22 is an important regulator of morphogenesis of newly-formed neurons in adults and plays a role in supressing aberrant neurogenesis associated with SE. ; Science Foundation Ireland (13/SIRG/2098, 17/CDA/4708 and 16/TIDA/4059 to TE, 13/SIRG/2114 to EJ-M, 17/TIDA/5002 to CR, 13/IA/1891 and 16/RC/3948 to DH and co-funded under the European Regional Development Fund and by FutureNeuro Industry partners) from the Health Research Board (HRA-POR-2015-1243 to TE); European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement n 602130 (to DH), from the H2020 Marie Skłowdowksa-Curie Actions Individual Fellowship (753527 to EB), from the European Union's Horizon 2020; Comunidad de Madrid to MM-P, from Fundación ''La Caixa'' to JM-R and from Areces Foundation C-XVIII and the Minister of Science and Universities of Spain BFU2014-53654-P to MM-P ; Peer Reviewed

Taxes are a source of goverment income that is very vital in costing country activities. Income tax is the sources of goverment income, including income tax (PPh) section 22 which is one type of goverment income. PT Pertamina (Persero) is the State-owned enterprises (SOEs) that are engaged in the sale of OIL and GAS (Oil and Gas) and PT Pesona Ramaliyati is taxpayers charged of the PPh section 22 by PT Pertamina. The purpose of this journal is to analyze whether the Voting Procedur, Tax Reporting and Remittance of income tax article 22 the company PT Pesona Ramaliyati is in compliance with the applicable Tax Regulations that is Ministerial Regulation Number 107/PMK. 010/2015 about PPh section 22. Based on the results of the data collection from PT Pesona Ramaliyati, PT Pertamina (Persero) has already done the voting procedures of the remittance and reporting of the PPh section 22 top fuel oil in accordance with the applicable Legislation, that is Regulation of the Minister of Finance Number 107/PMK. 010/2015 about PPh section 22. PT Pesona Ramaliyati is always pays income tax of article 22 in accordance with the procedures and regulations applicable at time of delivery order every day.Keyword : Tax Income Section 22, Voting Procedure, Tax Reporting and Remmitance

Abstract The aim of this research paper is to present the findings of an extensive literature review related to barriers international students experience transitioning to employment and permanent residency in Canada. International students who wish to work in Canada temporarily have difficulty receiving employment because of limited co-operative education opportunities and a lack of professional networks. The lack of settlement services, the numerous complexities of immigration policies, and the minimal awareness among students hinder the process for these individuals to immigrate to Canada permanently. These realities hold significant policy implications for the federal and provincial levels of government because Canada continues to admit educated and skilled labour in order to address national priorities such as long-term labour shortage and population decline. International students, especially those who hope to secure employment and permanency in Canada, are an attractive population, given the Canadian education and social capital they have received upon completion of their studies. This report will also provide a comprehensive review of several best practices and policy suggestions in addressing the challenges described above. Additionally, I will offer some practical recommendations for those involved in this transition process. ; Dauwer, Z. D. (2018). Assessing Canada's Support of International Students [Working Paper]: A Comprehensive Review of Canada's Retention and Settlement of its "Model Immigrants". Toronto: Ryerson Centre for Immigration and Settlement.

Das Buch behandelt die bisher juristisch kaum aufgearbeitete Thematik des Racial Profiling. Die Autorin untersucht die Verfassungsmässigkeit der häufig kritisierten anlasslosen Personenkontrollen nach 22 Abs. 1a Bundespolizeigesetz am Massstab des Art. 3 GG. Dabei bezieht sie kognitionswissenschaftliche und sozialpsychologische Erkenntnisse ein und greift auf die amerikanischen Erfahrungen im juristischen Umgang mit Racial Profiling zurück. Darüber hinaus diskutiert das Werk mögliche Lösungsansätze der Problematik und bewertet deren Sinnhaftigkeit in Hinblick auf die Gewährleistung eines effektiven Schutzes gegen Diskriminierung.

"[A] magnificent history of money and finance."--New York Times Book Review"Convincingly makes the case that finance is a change-maker of change-makers."--Financial TimesIn the aftermath of recent financial crises, it's easy to see finance as a wrecking ball: something that destroys fortunes and jobs, and undermines governments and banks. In Money Changes Everything, leading financial historian William Goetzmann argues the exact opposite—that the development of finance has made the growth of civilizations possible. Goetzmann explains that finance is a time machine, a technology that allows us to move value forward and backward through time; and that this innovation has changed the very way we think about and plan for the future. He shows how finance was present at key moments in history: driving the invention of writing in ancient Mesopotamia, spurring the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome to become great empires, determining the rise and fall of dynasties in imperial China, and underwriting the trade expeditions that led Europeans to the New World. He also demonstrates how the apparatus we associate with a modern economy—stock markets, lines of credit, complex financial products, and international trade—were repeatedly developed, forgotten, and reinvented over the course of human history.Exploring the critical role of finance over the millennia, and around the world, Goetzmann details how wondrous financial technologies and institutions—money, bonds, banks, corporations, and more—have helped urban centers to expand and cultures to flourish. And it's not done reshaping our lives, as Goetzmann considers the challenges we face in the future, such as how to use the power of finance to care for an aging and expanding population. Money Changes Everything presents a fascinating look into the way that finance has steered the course of history

Peter Wakkie bereikte op 22 juni 2018 zijn 70e levensjaar. Dit Liber Amicorum viert de carrière van een succesvol jurist, commissaris en bestuurder. 27 korte bijdragen vormen samen de bundel #Kort Juridisch# # waarin het juridische de boventoon voert, maar de waardering voor Peter duidelijk doorschemert. Op 22 juni 2018 heeft de bekende advocaat Peter Wakkie de leeftijd van 70 jaar bereikt. Dat was de aanleiding voor een aantal bevriende (ex-) advocaten om het initiatief te nemen voor een Liber Amicorum. Peter heeft uiteraard ook landelijke bekendheid verkregen als bestuurder en commissaris van grote beursgenoteerde vennootschappen. In deze bundel staat echter het juridische voorop en de korte bijdragen worden gelardeerd met zeer korte niet juridische herinneringen van ondernemers met wie Peter nauw heeft samengewerkt. De behandeling van iedere zaak door Peter begint met een juridische analyse waartoe hij uitstekend in staat is. Hij volgt de ontwikkelingen in het ondernemingsrecht op de voet. En hij is kort en beknopt in zijn advisering. Aan de contribuanten aan deze bundel is daarom het consigne meegegeven het kort te houden. Vrijwel iedereen heeft zich daaraan gehouden. De bijdragen liggen hoofdzakelijk op het terrein van het ondernemingsrecht en het vermogensrecht. Een greep uit de onderwerpen die de revue passeren: - Tegenstrijdig belang en de redelijkheid en billijkheid als hulpsinterklaas - Schikking van massaschadeclaims - Bescherming van derden tegen beschikkingsonbevoegdheid over aandelen op naam