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Explorations of the seen and unseen social changes within the academy underpin the Counter// Narratives' project, where in 2019-2020 the life history narratives of first generation academics from Angola, India, South Africa and Syria were engaged with by visual artists from the collective Analogue Eye: Video Art Africa, many of whom are themselves first generation university-educated. In each of these contexts, a critical mass of those from groups and knowledge systems misrecognised and oppressed have negotiated radical changes in the figures and institutions of authority in their countries. Authorship is central to such power and to agency. This paper deliberates such questions and politics of authorship alongside those entanglements of author-ing inherent to the interpretative processes of storytelling, artistic research and interpretation within The 'Counter // Narratives' Project itself - which sought to explore how counter-stories may see a way through the myopia of the social delegitimation of the western-oriented academy, provide challenge to reproductions of internalised oppression, and openings to engagement with more just notions of authority. Against the dominant hero narratives of social mobility and exceptionalism, and the looming spectres of colonial universities' mythologies of quality, the artists grappled with the ethico-historical responsibility of bearing witness, but also creating generative and equitious imaginaries through their creative arts research practice. Drawing on reflective interviews with the artists, participants and ourselves as the research-curatorial team, in this video we offer a synopsis of the paper for this conference. Within it, we highlight insights into the layers of narration negotiated, including the relations between those layers and the visual discourses and micro-textuality of the final videos. Excerpts and stills from the video artworks, and extracts from correspondence, transcripts and audience reception responses are referenced by the research-curatorial team, to provide a rich and complex dialogue about the im-possibilities of representing and visualising emancipatory imaginaries.

Intro -- CONTENTS -- ALPHABETICAL LIST OF CONTENTS -- LIST OF CONTENTS BY TOPIC -- PREFACE -- COVENANT OF THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS (as amended 1924) 1919 -- Articles 1-9 omitted -- Article 10 -- Article 11 -- Article 12 -- Article 13 -- Article 14 -- Article 15 -- Article 16 -- Articles 17-21 omitted -- Article 22 -- Articles 23-26 omitted -- TREATY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND OTHER POWERS PROVIDING FOR THE RENUNCIATION OF WAR AS AN INSTRUMENT OF NATIONAL POLICY (KELLOGG-BRIAND PACT) 1928 -- Article I -- Article II -- Article III -- CONVENTION ON RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF STATES 1933 -- Article 1 -- Articles 2-16 omitted -- CHARTER OF THE UNITED NATIONS (as amended) 1945 -- CHAPTER I PURPOSES AND PRINCIPLES -- Article 1 -- Article 2 -- CHAPTER II MEMBERSHIP -- Article 3 -- Article 4 -- Article 5 -- Article 6 -- CHAPTER III ORGANS -- Article 7 -- Article 8 -- CHAPTER IV THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY -- Composition -- Article 9 -- Functions and Powers -- Article 10 -- Article 11 -- Article 12 -- Article 13 -- Article 14 -- Article 15 -- Article 16 -- Article 17 -- Voting -- Article 18 -- Article 19 -- Procedure -- Article 20 -- Article 21 -- Article 22 -- CHAPTER V THE SECURITY COUNCIL -- Composition -- Article 23 -- Functions and Powers -- Article 24 -- Article 25 -- Article 26 -- Voting -- Article 27 -- Procedure -- Article 28 -- Article 29 -- Article 30 -- Article 31 -- Article 32 -- CHAPTER VI PACIFIC SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES -- Article 33 -- Article 34 -- Article 35 -- Article 36 -- Article 37 -- Article 38 -- CHAPTER VII ACTION WITH RESPECT TO THREATS TO THE PEACE, BREACHES OF THE PEACE, AND ACTS OF AGGRESSION -- Article 39 -- Article 40 -- Article 41 -- Article 42 -- Article 43 -- Article 44 -- Article 45 -- Article 46 -- Article 47 -- Article 48 -- Article 49 -- Article 50 -- Article 51 -- CHAPTER VIII REGIONAL ARRANGEMENTS -- Article 52 -- Article 53.

The original version of this Article contained an error in the caption of Fig. 2, where the sentence 'Yield-gap fractions close to zero show low-yielding croplands with high yield gaps.' should have been deleted. This has been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

A CPD power point presentation analyzing the national budget of Bangladesh for FY2021-22.

Intro -- Title -- Introduction -- Author Background -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Early Years and Life-Changing Loss -- Chapter 2: The Pits of Despair and the Monster Appears from the Shadows -- Chapter 3: Stewart's Murderous Plot Takes Shape -- Chapter 4: Smoke and Mirrors: Ian Stewart's Deception -- Chapter 5: The Police Investigation Intensifies & -- The Net Closes In -- Chapter 6: Helen is Found & -- The Evil Charade Ends -- Chapter 7: The Devil on Trial & -- Judgement Day -- Chapter 8: Had Ian Stewart Killed Before? -- Copyright.

The Job Was Being Done: A conversation about Dominika Macocha's video-sculptural installation 50°31'29.7"N 22°46'39.1"E, 50°30'56.2"N 22°46'01.0"E, 50°30'41.0"N 22°45'49.5"E.This article is a record of a discussion concerning Dominika Macocha's video-sculptural installation 50°31'29.7"N 22°46'39.1"E, 50°30'56.2"N 22°46'01.0"E, 50°30'41.0"N 22°45'49.5"E. The work deals with the uses of discourse and landscapes in mechanisms of camouflaging the crimes perpetrated on Jews by Poles during the Holocaust. The author lays bare and deconstructs these mechanisms – above all the mechanisms of narrative fetishism of production of artificial landscape – drawing on examples from Biłgoraj county. In the course of the discussion, the work inspired a critical reassessment of the categories dominating the ways in which the Holocaust is currently described: (1) Martin Pollack's category of contaminated landscapes, rooted in the ideology of two totalitarianisms; (2) the category of the witness / bystander, which conceals the observers' participation in the scenario of the crime; and (3) the category of taboo, which is ambivalent considering the universal knowledge on the part of local communities about what happened to Jews from their localities. Reflection on the production of taboo leads the discussants to deliberate on the status of Jewish sources in the field of Holocaust studies. Collected since as early as the 1940s, and containing ample and detailed information about Polish crimes perpetrated on Jews, they are nevertheless not recognised as sources by Polish historians. The conversation is concluded by an attempt at recapitulating the present condition of Polish historiography in the light of the postulated new approach to sources. Robota robiona była. O instalacji wideo-rzeźbiarskiej 50°31'29.7"N 22°46'39.1"E, 50°30'56.2"N 22°46'01.0"E, 50°30'41.0"N 22°45'49.5"E Dominiki Macochy rozmawiają Elżbieta Janicka, Konrad Matyjaszek, Xawery Stańczyk, Katrin Stoll i Anna ZawadzkaNiniejszy tekst stanowi zapis dyskusji poświęconej instalacji wideo-rzeźbiarskiej Dominiki Macochy pt. 50°31'29.7"N 22°46'39.1"E 50°30'56.2"N 22°46'01.0"E 50°30'41.0"N 22°45'49.5"E. Dzieło artystki dotyczy dyskursywnych i krajobrazowych mechanizmów kamuflowania zbrodni na Żydach popełnionych przez Polaków podczas Zagłady. Macocha obnaża i dekonstruuje te mechanizmy – przede wszystkim mechanizm fetyszyzmu narracyjnego i mechanizm produkcji sztucznego krajobrazu – na przykładach zaczerpniętych z powiatu biłgorajskiego. Podczas dyskusji, z inspiracji pracą artystki, krytycznemu namysłowi poddane zostają następujące, dominujące współcześnie kategorie opisu Zagłady: 1. zaproponowana przez Martina Pollacka kategoria skażonych krajobrazów, wyrosła na gruncie ideologii dwóch totalitaryzmów; 2. kategoria świadka, maskująca udział obserwatorów w scenariuszach zbrodni; 3. kategoria tabu, ambiwalentna, jeśli wziąć pod uwagę powszechność wiedzy lokalnych społeczności o tym, co stało się z Żydami z ich miejscowości. Refleksja nad produkcją tabu prowadzi dyskutantów do namysłu nad statusem źródeł żydowskich w polu badań nad Zagładą. W źródłach tych bowiem, kompletowanych już od lat czterdziestych, znajdujemy wiele szczegółowych informacji o polskich zbrodniach na Żydach. Nie są one jednak rozpoznane jako źródła przez polskich historyków. Dyskusję kończy próba podsumowania współczesnej kondycji polskiej historiografii w świetle postulatu nowego podejścia do źródeł.

Part I. 70th Anniversary of the Geneva Conventions.-.Chapter 1. Evolution of the International Humanitarian Law Provisions on Sieges -- Chapter 2. Towards a Better Understanding of the Concept of 'Indiscriminate Attack'; How International Criminal Law Can Be of Assistance. Chapter 3. Double Trouble: The 'Cumulative Approach' and the 'Support-Based Approach' in the Relationship between Non-State Armed Groups -- Chapter 4. The Rebel with the Magnifying Glass: Armed Non-State Actors, the Right to Life and the Requirement to Investigate in Armed Conflict -- Chapter 5. A Bird's-Eye View on Compliance with the Law of Armed Conflict 70 Years after the Adoption of the Geneva Conventions -- Chapter 6. Not the Usual Suspects: Religious Leaders as Influencers of International Humanitarian Law Compliance -- Part II. Other Articles -- Chapter 7. Appellate Deference Versus the De Novo Analysis of Evidence: The Decision of the Appeals Chamber in Prosecutor v Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo -- Chapter 8. Year in Review 2019 -- Table of Cases -- Index.

By the turn of the 20th century, nation-building reformers in Spain tried to stimulate schooling expansion to improve (or at least dignify) Spain's position in the international arena. However, in this paper we find that democratic imperfections help explaining the modest spread of primary schooling after the 1902 reforms. Regression results show that the lack of effective electoral competition and political patronage lowered public primary education spending across Spanish provinces in 1902-22. Voter turnout had a positive impact but it was not big enough to compensate for this negative effect.