Suchergebnisse

The publication was compiled to provide the Lithuanian reader with a comprehensive understanding of genderresponsive economic initiatives. It provides a conceptual and theoretical framework, traces the evolution of work inthis area, shows how gender economics and gender analysis have been used as a tool of a more efficient allocation ofeconomic resources.The article outlines and discusses the main gender problems and their impact into the government economicpolicy not only on the micro– but on the macro level too. It is the discussion about the gender responsive budget,trade liberalisation and gender impact into the trade liberalisation and gender responsive financial policy.The author concludes the integration and implementation of the gender analysis into the Lithuanian governmenteconomic policy could accelerate the sustainable economic growth and soften the consequences of globalisationprocess.

In this article a presently existing public administration system in Lithuania as well as the position of municipalities(subjects of local self–government) in that system are described, the features of the "real" local self–governmentare being formulated, potentially possible groups of problems of local self–government are distinguished and currentlymain problems of municipalities of Lithuania are indicated.The author of the article notes that in Lithuania up till now the concept of the "real" local self–government hasnot been clearly and unambiguously defined yet. That makes the formulation of target goals, tasks and means as wellas their implementation developing the system of local self–government more difficult. Seeking at least partly to fillthe existing gap, the author of the article formulates eight features of the "real" local self–government.Having defined the problem of local self–government as a deviation from the "normal" conditions for thefunctioning of the local self–government system that cause negative changes in the system, the author of the articleshows the relationship between the "normal" conditions for the functioning of local self–government and the formulatedfeatures of the "real" local self–government. According to this relationship the author of the article indicateseight potentially possible groups of problems of local self–government.On the basis of the accumulated knowledge and acquired experience the author of the article points out fivegroups of currently particularly important problems for local self–government of Lithuania, which are conditionallynamed as follows: 1) suppressed independence; 2) insufficient constructiveness of the relationship among differentlevels of government; 3) economic problems of municipalities; 4) not involving community members in managinglocal affairs; 5) inertness of municipalities.

A genesis of the academic programmes in the field of public administration, tendencies of their development in different countries (includingLithuania) and peculiarities of content are discussed in the article. It is shown that in different periods of development of public administration as anacademic discipline tasks and objectives were changing, however permanently the fundamental concerns were effectiveness in achieving the goals ofgovernment and constitutional support (political effectiveness) and competence in the performance of all public enterprises (managerial effectiveness). Itis why academic programmes in the field of public administration were developed taking into account political, legal, managerial and occupationalperspectives. Modern academic programmes of this field are interdisciplinary. By analysing programmes of different universities, it was found that theydiffer from each other in their structure and courses content, in particularly varies their focus (management, political and legal). It is shown thatcontemporary challenges for public administration (ideas of the new public administration and new public management) are giving new tasks for publicadministration academic programmes and therefore the focus of the programmes is changing more and more often emphasising significance ofmanagement subjects.

Spanish electronic government projects are analysed in this article. These projects are the reduction of pricesfor the Internet connection, information society development, modern tax system in Internet, electronic electionpossibilities and perspectives, "Unified Internet window" project, electronic certificates project, telework establishmentand the perspectives of electronic administration. Spanish electronic government were creating in the realizationof individual projects from the year 1998. Spain is a young and quickly developing European Union state andbecause of this the experience of Spanish e-government projects would be very useful for Lithuania.