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Volume 19, number 22 ; Weekly during academic year, except during examinations and vacations

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Volume 22, number 5 ; Weekly during academic year, except during examinations and vacations

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Volume 20, number 10 ; Weekly during academic year, except during examinations and vacations

Volume 101, number 20 ; Weekly during academic year, except during examinations and vacations

Cahier de recherche du LEPII ; n° 5. 23 p. ; Cahier de recherche du LEPII ; n° 5. ; International audience ; Purpose : The study aims to quantify the possible interactions between the three European objectives in the horizon of 2020 : (i) the reduction of 20% of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) (2) the saving of 20% of the European energy consumption and (3) a share of 20% of renewable energies in the overall energy consumption. Particular focus is, however, placed on the influence of the CO2 emission reduction targets and on their consequences on the carbon price in 2020. Design/methodology/approach : In order to explore the interactions among the three European objectives and their induced effects, a number of scenarios are tested within a combination of two modeling tools : the POLES world energy model and ASPEN, an auxiliary model dedicated to the analysis of quota trading systems. With reasonable assumptions for the burden sharing among the Member States, the energy efficiency objectives and the renewable energy targets are achieved using national quota systems in each European country (white and green certificate systems and their implicit prices), while the CO2 emission reduction is carried out within the European Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) in line with the objective of 20% emission reduction. Findings : The paper shows, in particular, that the two quota policies (WC and GC) decrease significantly the European marginal emission reduction cost and consequently, the compliance costs for ETS participants. The high renewable target compliance cost could be reduced significantly if carbon price signal and energy saving policies are in place. The paper also shows that the sole carbon price signal has a limited influence for stimulating renewable energies and energy savings and thus concludes on the need for specific policies targeting these two areas.

Cahier de recherche du LEPII ; n° 5. 23 p. ; Cahier de recherche du LEPII ; n° 5. ; International audience ; Purpose : The study aims to quantify the possible interactions between the three European objectives in the horizon of 2020 : (i) the reduction of 20% of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) (2) the saving of 20% of the European energy consumption and (3) a share of 20% of renewable energies in the overall energy consumption. Particular focus is, however, placed on the influence of the CO2 emission reduction targets and on their consequences on the carbon price in 2020. Design/methodology/approach : In order to explore the interactions among the three European objectives and their induced effects, a number of scenarios are tested within a combination of two modeling tools : the POLES world energy model and ASPEN, an auxiliary model dedicated to the analysis of quota trading systems. With reasonable assumptions for the burden sharing among the Member States, the energy efficiency objectives and the renewable energy targets are achieved using national quota systems in each European country (white and green certificate systems and their implicit prices), while the CO2 emission reduction is carried out within the European Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) in line with the objective of 20% emission reduction. Findings : The paper shows, in particular, that the two quota policies (WC and GC) decrease significantly the European marginal emission reduction cost and consequently, the compliance costs for ETS participants. The high renewable target compliance cost could be reduced significantly if carbon price signal and energy saving policies are in place. The paper also shows that the sole carbon price signal has a limited influence for stimulating renewable energies and energy savings and thus concludes on the need for specific policies targeting these two areas.

This week's guest is Ryan Busse, former senior executive in the firearms industry. Ryan's new book, Gunfight, is an intimate and revealing account of his experience in that industry, his growing disillusionment with it and his ultimate exit. In this conversation, we talk about rural household gun culture, the symbolism assault rifles take on in political division, and the rights and responsibilities of gun ownership in our country. ; https://scholarworks.umt.edu/anewangle_podcasts/1224/thumbnail.jpg

Russell L. Hanson. THE DEMOCRATIC IMAGINATION IN AMERICA. Princeton: Princeton University Press; 1985. 312 pp. $45.00 US, hard cover/$9.95 US, paper.

This executive order by Governor Jim Hodges declares Friday, December 22, 2000, as the Christmas Eve holiday for state government employees.

Inspection report of the American Literary, Scientific, and Military Academy by the officer of the day, William P. Widgery, on 22 March 1823.

Inspection report of the American Literary, Scientific and Military Academy by the officer of the day, A. G. Hatch, on 22 September 1823.