The author conducted extensive comparative-legal research of shareholders' agreements in common and continental law jurisdictions. The author analyses the main approaches to the regulation of legal nature, restrictions, execution, classification, and disclosure of shareholders' agreements.The study was based on the doctrine, legislation, and case law of such jurisdictions as the UK, the USA, Germany, France, Lithuania, and Ukraine.
In this paper the author performs analysis of United Nations peacekeeping legal regulation. The author's goal ‒ to analyze legal basis of different kinds of peacekeeping operations, fundamental peacekeeping principles and disclose typical problems in practice. The work is divided in two parts. First part begins with section devoted to historical development of peacekeeping missions ‒ from the Cold War to the present, and classification of peacekeeping missions. In the second section the author analyses legal basis of different types of peacekeeping operations. The third section comprises separation of powers of the main United Nations organs, while conducting security policy. Furthermore, the author analyses The Charter of The United Nations and the practice of The International Court of Justice. The fourth section consists of content analysis of three substantial peacekeeping principles. In the second part the practical peacekeeping challenges are analysed. The author reviews Official United Nations documents and raises problems related to application of legal basis and fundamental principles of traditional peacekeeping in Congo and wider peacekeeping operations in Bosnia and Afghanistan. The second part is concluded by legal analysis of Lithuanian participation in peacekeeping operations: a) national legislation related to the participation in peacekeeping operations b) Lithuania's leadership in one of Afghanistan province – Ghor ‒ reconstruction. At the end, the author represents final conclusions of the analysis of legal basis and practical problems. The most frequent problem is the breach of fundamental peacekeeping principles when forces used exceed the necessary amount and are inadequate to situation on the ground.
In this paper the author performs analysis of United Nations peacekeeping legal regulation. The author's goal ‒ to analyze legal basis of different kinds of peacekeeping operations, fundamental peacekeeping principles and disclose typical problems in practice. The work is divided in two parts. First part begins with section devoted to historical development of peacekeeping missions ‒ from the Cold War to the present, and classification of peacekeeping missions. In the second section the author analyses legal basis of different types of peacekeeping operations. The third section comprises separation of powers of the main United Nations organs, while conducting security policy. Furthermore, the author analyses The Charter of The United Nations and the practice of The International Court of Justice. The fourth section consists of content analysis of three substantial peacekeeping principles. In the second part the practical peacekeeping challenges are analysed. The author reviews Official United Nations documents and raises problems related to application of legal basis and fundamental principles of traditional peacekeeping in Congo and wider peacekeeping operations in Bosnia and Afghanistan. The second part is concluded by legal analysis of Lithuanian participation in peacekeeping operations: a) national legislation related to the participation in peacekeeping operations b) Lithuania's leadership in one of Afghanistan province – Ghor ‒ reconstruction. At the end, the author represents final conclusions of the analysis of legal basis and practical problems. The most frequent problem is the breach of fundamental peacekeeping principles when forces used exceed the necessary amount and are inadequate to situation on the ground.
The author of the present article analyzes the legal regulation regarding the subjects responsible for the protection of public order in municipal territories with an emphasis on the collision between the activity and responsibility of the police and municipal institutions. The author suggests multiple solutions to the problem of competence delimitation in the sphere of public protection. According to the author, in municipal territories four multiple- choice forms of public order protection are possible and the right to choose the forms which would most effectively guarantee the safety of the community should belong to local government institutions. What is more, the article deals with an analysis of the organizational problems related to the implementation of the functions of public order protection and an evaluation of the prospects of the decentralization of these functions. The author presents a critical evaluation of the situation when public order protection requirements which logically derive from the interests of local residents are identified by central public administration institutions rather than local government institutions or regional-level institutions. The planning of the safe environment strategy must be based on the interests of a country's local residents; what is more, the particularities of different regions must be considered. To solve the mentioned problems two alternative public order protection strategy models are suggested. Finally, the author comes to the conclusion that local government institutions should be actively motivated to get involved in securing public safety through legal and organizational means.
The author of the present article analyzes the legal regulation regarding the subjects responsible for the protection of public order in municipal territories with an emphasis on the collision between the activity and responsibility of the police and municipal institutions. The author suggests multiple solutions to the problem of competence delimitation in the sphere of public protection. According to the author, in municipal territories four multiple- choice forms of public order protection are possible and the right to choose the forms which would most effectively guarantee the safety of the community should belong to local government institutions. What is more, the article deals with an analysis of the organizational problems related to the implementation of the functions of public order protection and an evaluation of the prospects of the decentralization of these functions. The author presents a critical evaluation of the situation when public order protection requirements which logically derive from the interests of local residents are identified by central public administration institutions rather than local government institutions or regional-level institutions. The planning of the safe environment strategy must be based on the interests of a country's local residents; what is more, the particularities of different regions must be considered. To solve the mentioned problems two alternative public order protection strategy models are suggested. Finally, the author comes to the conclusion that local government institutions should be actively motivated to get involved in securing public safety through legal and organizational means.
In this article the author analysis certain issues of application of the European payment order procedure. Relationship between the rules established in the European Union legal instrument – the regulation – and national civil procedure norms is discussed as far as they concern procedural requirements for document instituting the proceedings. Amenability of applications for issuing the European payment order is surveyed. The author proposes certain changes in legal regulation.
In this article the author analysis certain issues of application of the European payment order procedure. Relationship between the rules established in the European Union legal instrument – the regulation – and national civil procedure norms is discussed as far as they concern procedural requirements for document instituting the proceedings. Amenability of applications for issuing the European payment order is surveyed. The author proposes certain changes in legal regulation.
In this article the author analysis certain issues of application of the European payment order procedure. Relationship between the rules established in the European Union legal instrument – the regulation – and national civil procedure norms is discussed as far as they concern procedural requirements for document instituting the proceedings. Amenability of applications for issuing the European payment order is surveyed. The author proposes certain changes in legal regulation.
In this article the author analysis certain issues of application of the European payment order procedure. Relationship between the rules established in the European Union legal instrument – the regulation – and national civil procedure norms is discussed as far as they concern procedural requirements for document instituting the proceedings. Amenability of applications for issuing the European payment order is surveyed. The author proposes certain changes in legal regulation.
Currently the world is threatened by a global COVID-19 pandemic and it has induced crisis creating a lot of disruptions in the healthcare system, social life and economy. In this article we present the analysis of COVID-19 situation in Lithuania and it's municipalities taking into consideration the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions on the reproduction number. We have analysed the period from 20/03/2020 to 20/06/2021 co\-vering two quarantines applied in Lithuania. We calculated the reproduction number using the incidence data provided by State Data Governance Information System, while the information for applied non-pharmaceutical interventions was extracted from Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker and the COVID-19 website of Government of the Republic of Lithuania. The positive effect of applied non-pharmaceutical interventions on reproduction number was observed when internal movement ban was applied in 16/12/2020 during the second quarantine in Lithuania.
Currently the world is threatened by a global COVID-19 pandemic and it has induced crisis creating a lot of disruptions in the healthcare system, social life and economy. In this article we present the analysis of COVID-19 situation in Lithuania and it's municipalities taking into consideration the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions on the reproduction number. We have analysed the period from 20/03/2020 to 20/06/2021 co\-vering two quarantines applied in Lithuania. We calculated the reproduction number using the incidence data provided by State Data Governance Information System, while the information for applied non-pharmaceutical interventions was extracted from Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker and the COVID-19 website of Government of the Republic of Lithuania. The positive effect of applied non-pharmaceutical interventions on reproduction number was observed when internal movement ban was applied in 16/12/2020 during the second quarantine in Lithuania.
The author studies a legal measure, which was introduced by a type of European Union law known as Framework Decision, adopted in June 2002 by the European Union Council of Ministers. Lithuania has implemented the Framework Decision on the European Arrest Warrant by making modifications to the national Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure. It should be noted, that the European Arrest Warrant is the first European instrument, implementing the principle of mutual recognition. The master's thesis deals with the concept and system of the European Arrest Warrant, it's historical development, examines mandatory and discretionary grounds for non execution of the European Arrest Warrant, legal procedure, requirements of the form and content of the European Arrest Warrant. The author also focuses on some obstacles and problems found at national level during implementation of the Framework Decision. Furthermore, the author analyzes the statistical rates of issuing European Arrest Warrant and the surrendered persons to Lithuania. Aditionally, the master's thesis is illustrated by practical application of the European Arrest Warrant. Finally, the author gives summarized conclusions and makes particular suggestions for improving existing legal norms, which regulate the European Arrest Warrant.
The author studies a legal measure, which was introduced by a type of European Union law known as Framework Decision, adopted in June 2002 by the European Union Council of Ministers. Lithuania has implemented the Framework Decision on the European Arrest Warrant by making modifications to the national Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure. It should be noted, that the European Arrest Warrant is the first European instrument, implementing the principle of mutual recognition. The master's thesis deals with the concept and system of the European Arrest Warrant, it's historical development, examines mandatory and discretionary grounds for non execution of the European Arrest Warrant, legal procedure, requirements of the form and content of the European Arrest Warrant. The author also focuses on some obstacles and problems found at national level during implementation of the Framework Decision. Furthermore, the author analyzes the statistical rates of issuing European Arrest Warrant and the surrendered persons to Lithuania. Aditionally, the master's thesis is illustrated by practical application of the European Arrest Warrant. Finally, the author gives summarized conclusions and makes particular suggestions for improving existing legal norms, which regulate the European Arrest Warrant.
The author studies a legal measure, which was introduced by a type of European Union law known as Framework Decision, adopted in June 2002 by the European Union Council of Ministers. Lithuania has implemented the Framework Decision on the European Arrest Warrant by making modifications to the national Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure. It should be noted, that the European Arrest Warrant is the first European instrument, implementing the principle of mutual recognition. The master's thesis deals with the concept and system of the European Arrest Warrant, it's historical development, examines mandatory and discretionary grounds for non execution of the European Arrest Warrant, legal procedure, requirements of the form and content of the European Arrest Warrant. The author also focuses on some obstacles and problems found at national level during implementation of the Framework Decision. Furthermore, the author analyzes the statistical rates of issuing European Arrest Warrant and the surrendered persons to Lithuania. Aditionally, the master's thesis is illustrated by practical application of the European Arrest Warrant. Finally, the author gives summarized conclusions and makes particular suggestions for improving existing legal norms, which regulate the European Arrest Warrant.
The author studies a legal measure, which was introduced by a type of European Union law known as Framework Decision, adopted in June 2002 by the European Union Council of Ministers. Lithuania has implemented the Framework Decision on the European Arrest Warrant by making modifications to the national Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure. It should be noted, that the European Arrest Warrant is the first European instrument, implementing the principle of mutual recognition. The master's thesis deals with the concept and system of the European Arrest Warrant, it's historical development, examines mandatory and discretionary grounds for non execution of the European Arrest Warrant, legal procedure, requirements of the form and content of the European Arrest Warrant. The author also focuses on some obstacles and problems found at national level during implementation of the Framework Decision. Furthermore, the author analyzes the statistical rates of issuing European Arrest Warrant and the surrendered persons to Lithuania. Aditionally, the master's thesis is illustrated by practical application of the European Arrest Warrant. Finally, the author gives summarized conclusions and makes particular suggestions for improving existing legal norms, which regulate the European Arrest Warrant.
