Suchergebnisse

Summary Fixed-term Employment Contract in the Context of Other Employment Contracts A right to work is one of the basic human rights. After Lithuania joined the European Union, it's legal system became inseperable part of Lithuania's legal system, therefore the author of this thesis is comparing the possibilities for formation, pursuance and discontinuation of temporary job contract in accordance with acting legal regulations, emphasising the restrictions, which were not present until Labour Code of Republic of Lithuania came to act. Thus, the author gives the analysis if the provisions of directive, regulating the work by temporary job contracts, are implemented into the Lithuanian legal system. The thesis concentrates mainly on temporary job contract, it's formation possibilities and laws, prohibiting formation of such contract. In order to display the pecularities of temporary job contract, the author reviews necessary contract preconditions not only for temporary job contracts, but other job contracts as well, including temporary job, seasonal job, avocation, settlement for additional job. Author points out the guarantees and restrictions, which originate when a temporary job contract is signed instead of usual job contract. The author pays great attention to job contracts where the contractor is the head of a company, and emphasises the basis of discontinuation of such contracts.

Summary Fixed-term Employment Contract in the Context of Other Employment Contracts A right to work is one of the basic human rights. After Lithuania joined the European Union, it's legal system became inseperable part of Lithuania's legal system, therefore the author of this thesis is comparing the possibilities for formation, pursuance and discontinuation of temporary job contract in accordance with acting legal regulations, emphasising the restrictions, which were not present until Labour Code of Republic of Lithuania came to act. Thus, the author gives the analysis if the provisions of directive, regulating the work by temporary job contracts, are implemented into the Lithuanian legal system. The thesis concentrates mainly on temporary job contract, it's formation possibilities and laws, prohibiting formation of such contract. In order to display the pecularities of temporary job contract, the author reviews necessary contract preconditions not only for temporary job contracts, but other job contracts as well, including temporary job, seasonal job, avocation, settlement for additional job. Author points out the guarantees and restrictions, which originate when a temporary job contract is signed instead of usual job contract. The author pays great attention to job contracts where the contractor is the head of a company, and emphasises the basis of discontinuation of such contracts.

Summary Fixed-term Employment Contract in the Context of Other Employment Contracts A right to work is one of the basic human rights. After Lithuania joined the European Union, it's legal system became inseperable part of Lithuania's legal system, therefore the author of this thesis is comparing the possibilities for formation, pursuance and discontinuation of temporary job contract in accordance with acting legal regulations, emphasising the restrictions, which were not present until Labour Code of Republic of Lithuania came to act. Thus, the author gives the analysis if the provisions of directive, regulating the work by temporary job contracts, are implemented into the Lithuanian legal system. The thesis concentrates mainly on temporary job contract, it's formation possibilities and laws, prohibiting formation of such contract. In order to display the pecularities of temporary job contract, the author reviews necessary contract preconditions not only for temporary job contracts, but other job contracts as well, including temporary job, seasonal job, avocation, settlement for additional job. Author points out the guarantees and restrictions, which originate when a temporary job contract is signed instead of usual job contract. The author pays great attention to job contracts where the contractor is the head of a company, and emphasises the basis of discontinuation of such contracts.

Summary Fixed-term Employment Contract in the Context of Other Employment Contracts A right to work is one of the basic human rights. After Lithuania joined the European Union, it's legal system became inseperable part of Lithuania's legal system, therefore the author of this thesis is comparing the possibilities for formation, pursuance and discontinuation of temporary job contract in accordance with acting legal regulations, emphasising the restrictions, which were not present until Labour Code of Republic of Lithuania came to act. Thus, the author gives the analysis if the provisions of directive, regulating the work by temporary job contracts, are implemented into the Lithuanian legal system. The thesis concentrates mainly on temporary job contract, it's formation possibilities and laws, prohibiting formation of such contract. In order to display the pecularities of temporary job contract, the author reviews necessary contract preconditions not only for temporary job contracts, but other job contracts as well, including temporary job, seasonal job, avocation, settlement for additional job. Author points out the guarantees and restrictions, which originate when a temporary job contract is signed instead of usual job contract. The author pays great attention to job contracts where the contractor is the head of a company, and emphasises the basis of discontinuation of such contracts.

The article deals with the concept of "rights" in the political philosophy. The author compares political philosophy of Aquinas and Hobbes, shows their similarities and differencies. The main aim of such analysis – to reveal the transformation in political philosophy, which can be named as the switch to natural rights theories. The author stresses that the tradition of natural law has various versions. The works of Aquinas and Hobbes represent two of them, which still are relevant for contemporary philosophical discussions.

The article deals with the concept of "rights" in the political philosophy. The author compares political philosophy of Aquinas and Hobbes, shows their similarities and differencies. The main aim of such analysis – to reveal the transformation in political philosophy, which can be named as the switch to natural rights theories. The author stresses that the tradition of natural law has various versions. The works of Aquinas and Hobbes represent two of them, which still are relevant for contemporary philosophical discussions.

The article deals with the concept of "rights" in the political philosophy. The author compares political philosophy of Aquinas and Hobbes, shows their similarities and differencies. The main aim of such analysis – to reveal the transformation in political philosophy, which can be named as the switch to natural rights theories. The author stresses that the tradition of natural law has various versions. The works of Aquinas and Hobbes represent two of them, which still are relevant for contemporary philosophical discussions.

The article deals with the concept of "rights" in the political philosophy. The author compares political philosophy of Aquinas and Hobbes, shows their similarities and differencies. The main aim of such analysis – to reveal the transformation in political philosophy, which can be named as the switch to natural rights theories. The author stresses that the tradition of natural law has various versions. The works of Aquinas and Hobbes represent two of them, which still are relevant for contemporary philosophical discussions.

Analysis of this Master's Paper is developed in three directions: firstly, the author summarized the issues of the international and national criminal law. Attention is drawn to the place of the international treaties in the Lithuanian law, focusing on the national criminal law implications of such treaties; attempting to determine the possibility of direct application of the treaties in the criminal law. The author concludes that international treaties regulating the matters that are relevant to criminal justice should be transferred to national laws. The second part of the Paper analyses the significance of the treaties on the protection of universal human rights and freedoms, such as the Universal Charter on Human Rights, the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECPHRFF) and of the conventions adopted by the United Nations Organization in general, to the criminal law of Lithuania. The author does not aim at defining the importance of the particular rules of law to the national criminal law, and distinguishes instead the trends of the national criminal law implications. Analyzing the ECPHRFF, the author emphasizes the special character of this international treaty also drawing attention to the problem of interaction between the blanket dispositions constructed in the Lithuanian criminal law and the principle of nullum crimen sine lege guaranteed by the Convention. The Master's Paper concludes that implementation of the international legal acts guaranteeing the protection of personal rights in terms of criminal law of Lithuania is being implemented with sufficient accuracy. In the final part of the Master's Paper the relevance of the European Union (EU) law with regard to the national criminal law is summarized. In the first instance the author draws attention to the issue of relevance of the primary EU law to the national criminal law, which practically has not been analyzed by the Lithuanian scientists. Analyzing separate types of the secondary legislation passed by the EU authorities, in the first instance the features of each legal act – regulation, directive, decision, framework decision, general actions, recommendations, opinions, guidelines and conventions – are distinguished. The author aims at disclosing the manner in which the features of each secondary legal act of the EU influence the national criminal law. Also, the possibilities of the direct application of regulations, directives and decisions in the national law are elaborate. The author concludes that it is the secondary legislation by means of which the criminal law of the Member States is being approximated, whereas appropriate implementation of the secondary legislation of the EU, as a rule, requires corrections of the criminal law.

Analysis of this Master's Paper is developed in three directions: firstly, the author summarized the issues of the international and national criminal law. Attention is drawn to the place of the international treaties in the Lithuanian law, focusing on the national criminal law implications of such treaties; attempting to determine the possibility of direct application of the treaties in the criminal law. The author concludes that international treaties regulating the matters that are relevant to criminal justice should be transferred to national laws. The second part of the Paper analyses the significance of the treaties on the protection of universal human rights and freedoms, such as the Universal Charter on Human Rights, the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECPHRFF) and of the conventions adopted by the United Nations Organization in general, to the criminal law of Lithuania. The author does not aim at defining the importance of the particular rules of law to the national criminal law, and distinguishes instead the trends of the national criminal law implications. Analyzing the ECPHRFF, the author emphasizes the special character of this international treaty also drawing attention to the problem of interaction between the blanket dispositions constructed in the Lithuanian criminal law and the principle of nullum crimen sine lege guaranteed by the Convention. The Master's Paper concludes that implementation of the international legal acts guaranteeing the protection of personal rights in terms of criminal law of Lithuania is being implemented with sufficient accuracy. In the final part of the Master's Paper the relevance of the European Union (EU) law with regard to the national criminal law is summarized. In the first instance the author draws attention to the issue of relevance of the primary EU law to the national criminal law, which practically has not been analyzed by the Lithuanian scientists. Analyzing separate types of the secondary legislation passed by the EU authorities, in the first instance the features of each legal act – regulation, directive, decision, framework decision, general actions, recommendations, opinions, guidelines and conventions – are distinguished. The author aims at disclosing the manner in which the features of each secondary legal act of the EU influence the national criminal law. Also, the possibilities of the direct application of regulations, directives and decisions in the national law are elaborate. The author concludes that it is the secondary legislation by means of which the criminal law of the Member States is being approximated, whereas appropriate implementation of the secondary legislation of the EU, as a rule, requires corrections of the criminal law.

Analysis of this Master's Paper is developed in three directions: firstly, the author summarized the issues of the international and national criminal law. Attention is drawn to the place of the international treaties in the Lithuanian law, focusing on the national criminal law implications of such treaties; attempting to determine the possibility of direct application of the treaties in the criminal law. The author concludes that international treaties regulating the matters that are relevant to criminal justice should be transferred to national laws. The second part of the Paper analyses the significance of the treaties on the protection of universal human rights and freedoms, such as the Universal Charter on Human Rights, the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECPHRFF) and of the conventions adopted by the United Nations Organization in general, to the criminal law of Lithuania. The author does not aim at defining the importance of the particular rules of law to the national criminal law, and distinguishes instead the trends of the national criminal law implications. Analyzing the ECPHRFF, the author emphasizes the special character of this international treaty also drawing attention to the problem of interaction between the blanket dispositions constructed in the Lithuanian criminal law and the principle of nullum crimen sine lege guaranteed by the Convention. The Master's Paper concludes that implementation of the international legal acts guaranteeing the protection of personal rights in terms of criminal law of Lithuania is being implemented with sufficient accuracy. In the final part of the Master's Paper the relevance of the European Union (EU) law with regard to the national criminal law is summarized. In the first instance the author draws attention to the issue of relevance of the primary EU law to the national criminal law, which practically has not been analyzed by the Lithuanian scientists. Analyzing separate types of the secondary legislation passed by the EU authorities, in the first instance the features of each legal act – regulation, directive, decision, framework decision, general actions, recommendations, opinions, guidelines and conventions – are distinguished. The author aims at disclosing the manner in which the features of each secondary legal act of the EU influence the national criminal law. Also, the possibilities of the direct application of regulations, directives and decisions in the national law are elaborate. The author concludes that it is the secondary legislation by means of which the criminal law of the Member States is being approximated, whereas appropriate implementation of the secondary legislation of the EU, as a rule, requires corrections of the criminal law.

Analysis of this Master's Paper is developed in three directions: firstly, the author summarized the issues of the international and national criminal law. Attention is drawn to the place of the international treaties in the Lithuanian law, focusing on the national criminal law implications of such treaties; attempting to determine the possibility of direct application of the treaties in the criminal law. The author concludes that international treaties regulating the matters that are relevant to criminal justice should be transferred to national laws. The second part of the Paper analyses the significance of the treaties on the protection of universal human rights and freedoms, such as the Universal Charter on Human Rights, the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (ECPHRFF) and of the conventions adopted by the United Nations Organization in general, to the criminal law of Lithuania. The author does not aim at defining the importance of the particular rules of law to the national criminal law, and distinguishes instead the trends of the national criminal law implications. Analyzing the ECPHRFF, the author emphasizes the special character of this international treaty also drawing attention to the problem of interaction between the blanket dispositions constructed in the Lithuanian criminal law and the principle of nullum crimen sine lege guaranteed by the Convention. The Master's Paper concludes that implementation of the international legal acts guaranteeing the protection of personal rights in terms of criminal law of Lithuania is being implemented with sufficient accuracy. In the final part of the Master's Paper the relevance of the European Union (EU) law with regard to the national criminal law is summarized. In the first instance the author draws attention to the issue of relevance of the primary EU law to the national criminal law, which practically has not been analyzed by the Lithuanian scientists. Analyzing separate types of the secondary legislation passed by the EU authorities, in the first instance the features of each legal act – regulation, directive, decision, framework decision, general actions, recommendations, opinions, guidelines and conventions – are distinguished. The author aims at disclosing the manner in which the features of each secondary legal act of the EU influence the national criminal law. Also, the possibilities of the direct application of regulations, directives and decisions in the national law are elaborate. The author concludes that it is the secondary legislation by means of which the criminal law of the Member States is being approximated, whereas appropriate implementation of the secondary legislation of the EU, as a rule, requires corrections of the criminal law.

The article deals with the educational problems that were being made relevant by J. Laužikas at the beginning of his pedagogical work (in 1929-1939). The author emphasizes the main principals of J. Laužikas pedagogical system: harmonizing with the needs of human nature, democracy, humanism, differentiation, integrality. Also the author interprets how J. Laužikas estimates educational programs, the purpose and functions of textbooks. Attention of J. Laužikas to the gifted students, the meaning of students' autonomy in the process of becoming a democratic personality. Objectives and conditions of a teacher's development are also described.

The article deals with the educational problems that were being made relevant by J. Laužikas at the beginning of his pedagogical work (in 1929-1939). The author emphasizes the main principals of J. Laužikas pedagogical system: harmonizing with the needs of human nature, democracy, humanism, differentiation, integrality. Also the author interprets how J. Laužikas estimates educational programs, the purpose and functions of textbooks. Attention of J. Laužikas to the gifted students, the meaning of students' autonomy in the process of becoming a democratic personality. Objectives and conditions of a teacher's development are also described.

The author sheds some light on various aspects of the bioethical and biopolitical debate in Austria: basically sceptical attitude of a great part of the Austrian population towards biotechnology and genetic engineering makes up the background. The author's review of the discussions identifies primal biopolitical conflicts, e.g., on the so-called "Fristenlösung" or the conflict surrounding "green" gene technology. Phases of legal regulation (with the enacting of laws governing issues such as reproductive medicine) have been followed by an "institutionalization of bioethics" and recently by some attempts of democratization of the debate. A closer look at the participants shows that the government, the parliament and the political parties act quite reticent, allowing NGOs and, for instance, the Catholic Church to influence plenty of the debate. The author presents selected subjects of the current debate, e.g., the (still not decided) question of Austria's accession to the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine of the Council of Europe or the implementation of the European biopatent-directive. Stem-cell research and reproductive medicine are also discussed. The author concludes with a preliminary but critical comment on the debate.