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The quinquennial Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Review Conference represents a highly important event from the perspective of the EU Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP). Though not a party to the treaty itself, the EU has made a consistent effort since the 1990s to coordinate the positions of its member states and achieve higher visibility in the NPT review process. The aim of this article is to examine the role of the EU in the 2015 NPT Review Conference deliberations. Drawing on on-site observations, statements and in-depth research interviews, it argues that the recent institutional changes notwithstanding, the influence of the EU as a distinct actor in the NPT context remains very limited, and the EU's common position is in bigger disarray than ever before. This year's Review Conference demonstrated the widening rift between the member states, in particular in the area of nuclear disarmament and the related issues. The inability to maintain a coherent common position limits the EU 'actorness' and impedes its striving for relevance in the NPT forums. The dynamics outlined in this article further highlight the limits of the EU CFSP in security matters in which the national positions of individual member states are as divergent as in the case of nuclear disarmament. (International Affairs (Oxford) / SWP)

Although the Iraq crisis and the flood disaster largely determined the political agenda at the end of the 2002 federal election campaign, the economic situation was, once again, one of the most important themes in the context of the election itself. This article examines for the period of 1994 to 2002 whether, and in what measure, the electorate's perception of economic conditions played a role in voters' decisions. Empirical results show that judgements of the economic situation in 2002 were noticeably worse than prior to the last two national elections. Few East-West differences are recognisable in perceptions of current general and individual economic conditions. Differences in retrospective or prospective assessments of the economic situation have also fallen. Regarding the attribution of economic problem solving ability, considerable gains are noted for the CDU/CSU, while the trust in the economic competence of the SPD has decreased. Multivariate analyses show that in 2002 the influence of economic variables on individual voting behaviour was not very strong. Significant effects only occurred in West Germany. Besides the evaluation of the general economic situation, perceived economic competence had the most clearly visible electoral impact. (German Politics / FUB)

"To date, every scholarly book on the history of medicine and slavery has a single author. Each is thus beholden to the practical limitations of single-authored texts. "Medicine and Healing in the Age of Slavery," by contrast, brings together scholars of diverse places and empires around the Atlantic to make a novel intervention into these histories by including diverse actors, wide-ranging periodization, and spanning across multiple empires. Contributors provide perspectives on sites in Africa, Europe, and the Americas. They examine the historical constructions of health and medicine among indigenous Americans, enslaved and free Africans and their descendants, and Europeans and Euro-Americans. The collection serves as a state-of-the-field picture of the history of slavery and medicine. Contributors include several award-winning historians, such as Lauren Robin Derby, Sharla Fett, and Leslie Schwalm; authors of important, recent monographs on slavery and medicine, such as Deirdre Cooper Owens and Rana Hogarth; and emerging scholars in the field of slavery and medicine. The variety of contributors in terms of rank, expertise, and experience allows the volume to take stock of the past, present, and future of a field of inquiry whose development has accelerated in the last decade. "Medicine and Healing in the Age of Slavery" illuminates the everyday practices of dealing with disease and illness that were fundamental to the order of slavery and the construction of race. The history of medicine and healing is a core facet of the early Atlantic World: bodies both sick and well were specific sites for contests of power, cultural exchange, and identity-making. The volume demonstrates how larger cosmologies of the Atlantic World-such as Enlightenment rationalism, Taino Zemis (stone idols), and various Afro-Atlantic spiritual traditions from Haitian Voodoo to Yoruba-constructed medicine and healing. Not only are the chapters in the collection topically diverse, they collectively cover the temporal breadth of Atlantic slavery. Essays span from the early enslavement of indigenous people in the Caribbean to the emancipation of slaves in the United States. Likewise, contributors consider the British, Portuguese, Spanish, French, and Dutch empires. By breaking down traditional temporal and geographical borders, the contributors ask to what degree the spaces of enslavement around the Atlantic shared the experienced disease, healing, and medicine, and to what degree they were historically specific and contingent. The volume complicates Western biomedicine's assumptions as a unique healing tradition, revealing how its modern instantiation depended to a significant extent on the bodies and expertise of enslaved and free people of color in colonial spaces. Ultimately, the collection uses this comprehensiveness to argue that medical and healing traditions framed the Atlantic slave system's lived experience. Its essays' foundational nature positions the volume to provoke future studies in both medical and Atlantic history"--

About the author -- Overview -- Introduction -- Identifying the need -- Purpose of this resource -- How young people learn about sex and relationships -- Sex, porn and the law -- Guidelines for teaching sre that includes pornography -- Continuing professional development -- Keeping parents and carers informed -- Partnership agencies and involving the wider community -- Guide to using this resource -- Facilitating group learning -- Supporting different learning needs -- Creating a safe learning environment -- Key vocabulary -- Overview of each chapter -- 1. what is porn? -- Activity 1: what is pornography? -- Activity 2: pictures not porn, please -- Activity 3: legal attitudes -- Activity 4: the great porn debate -- Activity 5: porn stereotypes -- Activity 6: viewing numbers -- Activity 7: who is responsible? -- Activity 8: porn as sex education -- Activity 9: pornography and the curriculum -- Activity 10: where is the danger? -- Activity 11: is that even legal? -- Activity 12: revenge porn and the law -- Shopping, music and the media -- Activity 1: where do you stand? -- Activity 2: sex on the high street -- Activity 3: shops and marketing -- Activity 4: what did you say? -- Activity 5: mug messages -- Activity 6: selling the song -- Activity 7: cartoon messages -- Activity 8: create your own superhero -- Activity 9: the only way is reality -- Activity 10: reality sex -- Activity 11: guess the product -- Activity 12: advertising : facts and opinions -- Porn and body image -- Activity 1: porn statements -- Activity 2: perfect people -- Activity 3: industry influences -- Activity 4: under the knife -- Activity 5: 100 years of glamour -- Activity 6: curvy bottles -- Activity 7: body image game -- Activity 8: the muff march -- Activity 9: changing body image through art -- Activity 10: behind the mask -- Activity 11: sexual stereotypes -- Activity 12: body image pot shots -- Porn v. real life relationships -- Activity 1: four words -- Activity 2: porn v. reality -- Activity 3: why do people have sex? -- Activity 4: fantasy or truth? -- Activity 5: at what age are you ready? -- Activity 6: backwards fairy tales -- Activity 7: gossip, rumours and lies -- Activity 8: relationship bullying -- Activity 9: powers of persuasion -- Activity 10: flirting or sexual harassment? -- Activity 11: personal boundaries -- Activity 12: ground rules in relationships -- Activity 13: how to say what you want to say -- Activity 14: identifying relationship boundaries -- Activity 15: someone to trust -- Sexting, revenge porn and online sexual bullying -- Activity 1: please share -- Activity 2: sexting and the law -- Activity 3: using social media -- Activity 4: truth or lie? -- Activity 5: social media quiz -- Activity 6: please forward -- Activity 7: photo stories -- Activity 8: taking risks -- Activity 9: social media profile review -- Activity 10: online dating -- Additional information and support -- Appendix 1. example letter for parents/carers : schools -- Appendix 2. example letter for parents/carers : youth services -- Appendix 3. example invitation to a parental information workshop -- Appendix 4. quick guide to staying safe online and social media for parents -- Appendix 5. evaluation form

Machine generated contents note: About the author Preface Acknowledgements Chapter 1 Introduction Structure of the book Chapter 2 Theoretical Context Management context Project transitions Project management as practice Systems theory and networks Transient relationships Dyadic contractual relationships and structure Permanent and temporary organising Structure and networks Information classification Nodes and linkages Summary Chapter 3 Networks and Projects Network definition Origins and history Problems with projects Actor role classification and ritualistic behaviour Routines Are networks a response to uncertainty in projects? Temporary project systems and their replication# Beyond the iron triangle Why networks? Individuals and firms Problems associated with the use of SNA in project research Summary Chapter 4 Why Networks? Definition Why choose social network analysis? Problems associated with the use of SNA inn project research Concepts and terminology Defining the population What is a network? Actor characteristics Some final thoughts Conclusion Chapter 5 Self-organising networks in projects What do project clients want? Dangerous assumptions Implications if these assumptions are incorrect Networks and uncertainty Does it matter how we conceptualise the project? Procurement through markets and hierarchies; project design and delivery through networks Summary and conclusions Chapter 6 Game Theory and Networks Some history to start Game theory applied to construction projects What is a game? Key assumptions Benefits of applying game theory to project networks Other considerations Choices about actions and co-players: The Prisoner's Dilemma Nash equilibrium Anti-coordination behaviour: Hawk-Dove and Chicken Game theory and information exchange network formation Game theory and five dangerous assumptions Summary and conclusions Chapter 7 Network roles and personality types Network roles: prominent disseminators, gatekeeper hoarders, isolates, dyads and triads, boundary spanners and bridges Personality traits Humour and behaviour in networks Profiling and ideal project network actor Specific personality traits Network roles and personality traits Summarising on actor traits and project networks Chapter 8 Network enabling What do we mean by network enabling? Trust Empathy Reciprocity, favours and psychological contracts Implications for violations of psychological contracts in networks Generosity Characteristics of individual that are destructive for networks Narcissism Egotism Summary Chapter 9 Project Networks and BIM BIM origins BIM and information management Information management and organisation structure The BIM model as an artefact Self-organising networks in the context of design BIM and networks, a research agenda Chapter 10 Introduction to the Case Studies Technical overview Researcxh funding Summary Chapter 11: Case Study No.1- Communities in Self-Organising Projects Networks Data collection Data analysis Findings Communities in self-organising project networks Summary Chapter 12: Case Study No.2 -- Dysfunctional Prominence in Self-Organising Project Networks Data collection Data analysis Actor prominence measures Summary Chapter 13: Case Study No.3 -- Costing Networks Conceptual framework Network costs Data analysis Summary Chapter 14: Summary and Conclusions Brief summary of each chapter Theoretical Issues What might industry learn from the content of this book? Appendix References Index

The author used the 1956 Hungarian anti-Stalinist rebellion as the starting point for a thorough rethinking of the political structures of man's existence, in particular of political power. Such a rethinking is based on the insight regarding the autonomy of the political with regard to the economic and class structure of society. From this is derived not only the specific rationality of state and politics, but also the specific political evils related to the very nature of political power. Specific rationality, specific evil -- therein lies the double and paradoxical originality of the political. It is the task of political philosophy to make this originality explicit and to clarify its paradox: the greatest political evil is linked with the greatest political rationality, and political alienation exists precisely because the political is relatively autonomous. The autonomy of the political is not only the idea of man's stepping into man-hood through citizen-hood, but also the distinctive character of the political connection in relation to the economic connection. The understanding and criticism of the political paradox can be approached only if one sets clear boundaries to the political sphere and perceives the validity of the distinction between the political and the economic. Every criticism presupposes this distinction, and it does not abolish it in any respect. In order to rediscover the sense of the political, one must return to Rousseau's reflection in continuation of a return to the thinkers of classical antiquity (Aristotle's Politics in particular) as basis for any criticism of power. The truth of the political, as the reality of state ideality, is the legal equality of all before all, irreducible to class conflicts, to the dynamics of economic supremacy and alienation. But the state is also -- will, administration and physical coercion. Thus the political as a reasonable organisation implies politics as decision: the political is always accompanied by politics. Unlike the political, which exists only in great moments, in "crises", at "turning points", at crossroads of history, politics is perceived as a set of actions aimed at winning, executing and retaining power. Precisely politics poses the problem of political evil. This however does not mean that power is identical to evil. But power is particularly prone to evil; throughout history it has been perhaps the greatest opportunity for evil and the greatest demonstration of evil. The reason for this is that power is a momentous thing, that power is the instrument of historical rationality of the state. This is the fundamental political paradox. A practical solution to this paradox -- to achieve that there is a state, but that there is not too much of it -- is possible only through democratic control of the people over the state and through invention of institutional techniques the purpose of which is to make possible the exercise of power and to make impossible any abuse thereof. Adapted from the source document.

The author looks into Habermas' theory of deliberative democracy in the context of the present-day debates on the theory of morals & politics. The starting point of Habermas' theory is his idea of discourse ethics. This is cognitivist ethics in the tradition of Kant, Rawis, Tugendhat & Apel that is built around the concept of normative correctness analogous to the descriptive notion of truth. This idea is best expressed by Kant's categorical imperative, according to which the validity of norms depends on their generalizability. Habermas, in line with Kant, is aware of the impossibility to rationally found universalist ethics. Instead of the final (deductive) foundations he offers the reflexion about the assumptions of a meaningful discourse i.e. the argumentation rules that must be respected if language communication is to be meaningful. Habermas' outline of the theory of law in his book Between Facts and Norms (Faktizirat und Geltung) builds on this moral-theoretical position. In modern society the function of law is to facilitate social communication: law is the legitimate framework of social communication on which the actors can rely. Habermas considers the specific link between human rights & popular sovereignty as the source of legitimacy. Human rights & popular sovereignty mutually condition each other & at the same time there is tension between them. The absolutization of individual rights makes democracy impossible since decision-making is obstructed; absolutization of popular sovereignty leads to the tyranny of the majority & the loss of rights. Habermas thinks that law can be legitimized by communicational mediation between the individual rights & popular sovereignty, in line with the principle that the claim to validity can only be laid by those norms that are approved of by all potentially affected individuals as rational discourse participants. Popular sovereignty is consistently procedurally interpreted. On the one hand, it is practised by means of public discourses & on the other through decision-making processes within democratically structured political institutions. The two dimensions of legitimizing law are different yet complementary: public discourses take place in civil society, political decisions are made in democratic institutions of the state. This is also an outline of the specific position of Habermas' political theory of deliberative democracy. It is equally distant from the model of liberal democracy which emphasizes possessive individualism & the protection of citizens' private interests, & from the republican democratic model that emphasizes political participation of active citizens. The theory of deliberative democracy emphasizes the importance of civil society: It is a sort of a practical verification of discourse ethics. Civil society is a sphere of autonomous public communication that is complementary to state administration but cannot substitute it. Communication power is exercised in the "siege mode" i.e. multiple discourses of civil society should contribute to the rationality & legitimacy of the decisions made by the political system, but do not have to replace them nor expose them to populist pressures. 2 Figures, 16 References. Adapted from the source document.

The author looks into Habermas' theory of deliberative democracy in the context of the present-day debates on the theory of morals & politics. The starting point of Habermas' theory is his idea of discourse ethics. This is cognitivist ethics in the tradition of Kant, Rawis, Tugendhat & Apel that is built around the concept of normative correctness analogous to the descriptive notion of truth. This idea is best expressed by Kant's categorical imperative, according to which the validity of norms depends on their generalizability. Habermas, in line with Kant, is aware of the impossibility to rationally found universalist ethics. Instead of the final (deductive) foundations he offers the reflexion about the assumptions of a meaningful discourse i.e. the argumentation rules that must be respected if language communication is to be meaningful. Habermas' outline of the theory of law in his book Between Facts and Norms (Faktizirat und Geltung) builds on this moral-theoretical position. In modern society the function of law is to facilitate social communication: law is the legitimate framework of social communication on which the actors can rely. Habermas considers the specific link between human rights & popular sovereignty as the source of legitimacy. Human rights & popular sovereignty mutually condition each other & at the same time there is tension between them. The absolutization of individual rights makes democracy impossible since decision-making is obstructed; absolutization of popular sovereignty leads to the tyranny of the majority & the loss of rights. Habermas thinks that law can be legitimized by communicational mediation between the individual rights & popular sovereignty, in line with the principle that the claim to validity can only be laid by those norms that are approved of by all potentially affected individuals as rational discourse participants. Popular sovereignty is consistently procedurally interpreted. On the one hand, it is practised by means of public discourses & on the other through decision-making processes within democratically structured political institutions. The two dimensions of legitimizing law are different yet complementary: public discourses take place in civil society, political decisions are made in democratic institutions of the state. This is also an outline of the specific position of Habermas' political theory of deliberative democracy. It is equally distant from the model of liberal democracy which emphasizes possessive individualism & the protection of citizens' private interests, & from the republican democratic model that emphasizes political participation of active citizens. The theory of deliberative democracy emphasizes the importance of civil society: It is a sort of a practical verification of discourse ethics. Civil society is a sphere of autonomous public communication that is complementary to state administration but cannot substitute it. Communication power is exercised in the "siege mode" i.e. multiple discourses of civil society should contribute to the rationality & legitimacy of the decisions made by the political system, but do not have to replace them nor expose them to populist pressures. 2 Figures, 16 References. Adapted from the source document.

For an introduction to this article see SA 0206/E9423. The article is a reprint from Southwestern Social Science Quarterly, 1944, 25, 2, 100-117. Res is presented which inquired into the readjustments that have taken place in Negro fam life as 'a result of war emergency (WWII), & to what entent these readjustments may have been conditioned by the factor of minority group status. 1, 000 Tex Negro fam's were selected from various towns & cities in East Tex according to the proportional representation of the Negro pop in these areas. 50 Negro fam heads were asked to write letters giving an account of how the present war has affected their fam's. The following aspects are dealt with: (1) changes in fam formation; (2) changes in place of residence; (3) changes in econ functions of fam members; (4) relation of fam readjustment & minority group status. Data show that under the influence of WWII Amer fam's come into existence more rapidly & become dissolved more rapidly than in peace time. Negro fam's are no exception. Fam's had an abnormally high rate of mobility during the 3-yr period immediately following 1941, & their reasons for moving were based upon attempted adjustment to the labor demands of the US war economy. Responding to the expanded labor demand in specific industries, members of these fam's shifted from a group of agri'al & domestic service workers to a mass of factory labor. Although this shift intensified racial friction, it resulted in a change of the position of these fam's & the establishment of a new pattern of life which they defined as better than the old. The att's of white & Negro Coll students revealed a willingness of whites to tolerate this change in ES as long as the traditional SR of the races are maintained. 4 Tables, 5 Charts. Henry A. Bullock, SOME READJUSTMENTS OF THE NEGRO FAMILY IN 1944 AND 1970-offers an explanation of how the author viewed Negro fam readjustment in the first instance & how he views it now. In 1944 the concern was with the degree & manner in which an instit accommodates to new circumstances imposed upon it by the external environment in which it is enmeshed. Then the quality of black fam's was judged in terms of how they deviated from WASP norms. Now the Amer assimilation ideal is being abandoned. Blacks want to be black. Negro fam's could now be observed in terms of the efficiency with which they are org'ed to meet needs generated by conditions under which black people have to live. In a ghetto, a WASP style of fam org would be a poor tool for fam survival. Today's res'er should probe beyond the structural horizon & into the dynamics of fam org itself. This will lead to a further & beneficial fading of the demarcation line between pure & applied res. M. Maxfield.

Wie die Global Governance ist auch die Ocean Governance von einer ausgeprägten Mehrebenenpolitik gekennzeichnet. Lokale, nationale und globale Strukturen wirken zusammen, und es ist eine Vielzahl an staatlichen und nichtstaatlichen Akteuren beteiligt. (APuZ)