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Mie̜dzynarodowa Konferencja Naukowo-Techniczna Transport Szynowy-Nauka-Przemył '99, Katowice - Ustroń 21 - 22 września 1999 r
In: Zeszyty naukowe 1429
In: Transport 36
Gospodarka lokalna w teorii i w praktyce: materiały z konferencji naukowej zorganizowanej przez Katedre̜ Gospodarki Regionalnej Jeleniogórskiego Wydziału Akademii Ekonomicznej we Wrocławiu, Jelenia Góra, 21 - 22 września 1998
In: Prace naukowe Akademii Ekonomicznej Im. Osakra Langego we Wrocławiu 807
In: Materiały konferencyjne
Teoria socjologiczna Floriana Znanieckiego a wyzwania XXI wieku: [mie̜dzynarodowe sympozjum zorganizowane przez Katedre̜ Sociologii Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego, które odbyło sie̜ w dniach 22 - 24 września 1998 r. w Da̜browicy koło Lublina]
In: Prace Wydziału Nauk Społecznych 54
Sukces w zarza̜dzaniu: problemy kadrowo-zarza̜dcze ; materiały z IV ogólnopolskiej konferencji zorganizowanej przez Katedre̜ Zarza̜dzania Kadrami Akademii Ekonomicznej we Wrocławiu oraz Instytut Psychologii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Szklarska Pore̜ba, 22 - 24 października 1998
In: Prace naukowe Akademii Ekonomicznej Im. Oskara Langego we Wrocławiu 823
In: Materiały konferencyjne
Deregulacja monopoli naturalnych na przykładzie rynku telekomunikacyjnego: praca zbiorowa
In: Raporty CASE nr. 22
Budowa portfela efektywnego złożonego z jednostek uczestnictwa funduszy powierniczych
In: Rozprawy i monografie 22
In: Acta Academiae Agriculturae ac Technicae Olstenensis 592
Restrukturyzacja gospodarki polskiej a proces integracji z Unia̜ Europejska̜
In: Prace naukowe Instytutu Nauk Ekonomiczno-Społecznych Politechniki Wrocławskiej 57
In: Studia i materialy 22
Obwód Kaliningradzki wobec przemian w Europie Bałtyckiej
Kaliningrad - a Russian enclave located on the Baltic Sea, neighbouring with Poland and Lithuania, is a worldwide political and legal oddity. The position of Kaliningrad is unique historically, economically and geopolitically. The region has a status of a f r e e economic zone and since 1996 of a special economic zone Economic problems appearing after dispersion of the USSR specifically affected an economic collapse of the enclave. The district of Kaliningrad belongs to the most militarised regions of Russia. Russian generals stress that the military and strategic role of the Kaliningrad district is much more important for Russia than its economic meaning. The shift of NATO eastwards and accession to the European Union of the countries f r om the close neighbourhood of Kaliningrad not only will not sharpen sufficiently complicated inner problems of the district, but they will allow the region to get softly into 'the situation of new Europe' without secession from Russia. According to the Governor L. Gorbenko, there are justified grounds to call Kaliningrad the Russian gate to Europe. As whole Russia will not be able to join the European community, so, according to A. Tuczyński, it can afford to create such a legal system and such conditions to make Kaliningrad (as an inseparable part of Russia) able to j o in it. Yet guarantees by Moscow are indispensable here. Whereas in Moscow Kaliningrad is perceived as a region of a future economic growth. According to evaluations by Scandinavian and German political scientists, the enlargement of NATO and the European Union eastwards will positively affect the district of Kaliningrad in a longer run. Searches how to solve the problem of the Russian enclave should be still carried out especially in Russia itself and in the District of Kaliningrad. Warsaw, Berlin, Stockholm and the European Union in their policies towards Kaliningrad adhere to the principles of inviolability of borders, disarmament and economic growth. Only 'europeisation' i.e. inclusion into European economic and cultural structures, and according to J. Zaleski - 'baltication' of Kaliningrad is the only wise solution. This opinion is also shared by the author of the paper. Russia, which so far has not officially shown such a readiness, may become convinced, by means of diplomatic negotiations, to recognise the only reason for the further fate of the enclave and make it the Russian region within the European Union. Despite signing the agreement between NATO and Russia, the road from resignation from confrontation to a universe cooperation with the North Atlantic Treaty will be very long. Only economically strong and integrated Baltic Europe has an opportunity to be present on the map of united Europe in the 21st century. ; Marcin Polom
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