The Lithuanian language is the state language of the Republic of Lithuania, the status of which wasconsolidated by the citizens of the Republic in the Constitution enacted through the Referendum of October25, 1992. The Lithuanian language is the only state language of the Republic of Lithuania. The aim ofthe article is to analyze the policy of the Lithuanian language as well as to evaluate its administrative results.The following basic research methods were applied: analysis of scientific sources, juridical documents,consideration of needs of the society. It is shown that principles of interaction among various instructionsfor language policy implementation require coherent regulation and provision of some nationallaws and the European Union legal acts.
Biography of authors: Upon submission of the paper, a biography of all authors containing ORCID, name, title, institutional affiliation, city/country of origin and academic title MUST be submitted in the form of additional documentation.Structured abstract: Upon submission of their paper, authors MUST include, in the form of additional documentation, a structured abstract (maximum 250 words) of each paper in the same language that meets FUTURE's standard model .Please rank authors according to the level of their involvement and contribution to the manuscript.
Nesse artigo apresento uma análise do caso de parricídio/ fraticídio cometido por um jovem camponês francês, nascido na comuna de Courvaudon, Pierre Rivière que em 3 de junho de 1835, aos vinte anos, assassinou a golpes de foice sua mãe grávida de sete meses, sua irmã de 18 anos, e seu irmão de sete anos. O livro intitulado Eu, Pierre Rivière, que degolei minha mãe, minha irmã e meu irmão produzido pelo trabalho de uma equipe de pesquisadores, no Collège de France, sob a coordenação de Michel Foucault em 1973, apresenta em seu conjunto notícias de jornais, testemunhos, interrogatórios, laudos médicos e uma gama de diferentes discursos. Para empreender a análise do nó entre a escrita e o assassinato, utilizo a relação entre a escrita e o autor demarcando o personagem Rivière no desdobramento, na ordem do corpo e da linguagem.
Abstract The aim of this article is to analyse subject expression evaluation of the non-author language, i.e. the author whose thoughts, discoveries, research results or assumptions are relied on in scientific texts in Lithuanian and English languages, elucidate both universal properties of expression evaluation and the specific ones determined by a particular language and culture. Publication texts of education science field of social science area were selected for the research. Expression evaluation of a quoted author was analysed identifying neutral (surname / name and surname, nationality and residence, scientific and professional activity, time, scientific discoveries, activity achievements, family relations) and subjective (logic and emotional evaluation) attributes. It was determined that education science texts of both languages, Lithuanian and English, do not exhibit a variety of quoted author expression. No examples purveying all possible semantic meanings of attributes were found in both languages. Prevalence of neutral attributes of science subjects and similar aspects of usage of some attributes (surname / name and surname, nationality or residence) reveal general citation traditions determined by universal scientific text regularities rather than a particular language or culture. On the other hand, some tendencies were observed characteristic only to the texts of one or another language and reflecting specific evaluation features of science subject. In the articles of native English speakers, scientific discoveries, results of scientific activity of quoted authors are emphasised whereas Lithuanian authors are more liable to highlight scientific or professional activity and time. Moreover, it is essential to mention that every text represents its author's personality to some extent. Thus, the choice of the particular means of expression can be determined by personal qualities of an author.
Im Auftrag des Presse- und Informationsamts der Bundesregierung hat das Meinungsforschungsinstitut forsa ab Kalenderwoche 12/2020 regelmäßig repräsentative Bevölkerungsbefragungen zum Thema ´Corona-Krise´ (COVID-19) durchgeführt. Die einzelnen Fragegebiete wurden je nach Befragungszeitraum angepasst.
Themen: Sorgen bezüglich einer Infektion mit dem Coronavirus (selbst und Familienmitglieder oder Freunde); Sorgen, selbst andere Personen anzustecken; weitere Sorgen im Zusammenhang mit dem Coronavirus (offene Frage); Glaubwürdigkeit der Informationen der Bundesregierung zur Corona-Krise; Bewertung der bisherigen politischen Maßnahmen zur Eindämmung des Corona-Virus; Bewertung verschiedener Aussagen im Zusammenhang mit den politischen Maßnahmen zur Eindämmung des Corona-Virus als wahrscheinlich (die Bundesregierung stellt das Risiko, das vom Corona-Virus für die Gesundheit der Bevölkerung ausgeht, übertrieben dar, das Corona-Virus wurde vorsätzlich in Umlauf gebracht, wenn es einen Corona-Impfstoff gibt, wird jeder in Deutschland freiwillig entscheiden dürfen, ob er sich impfen lässt, wenn es eine App zur Nachverfolgung von Infektionsketten gibt, wird jeder in Deutschland freiwillig entscheiden dürfen, ob er diese App installiert, das Tragen von Mund-Nasen-Masken in Supermärkten oder öffentlichen Verkehrsmitteln ist gesundheitsschädlich).
Demographie: Geschlecht; Alter (gruppiert); Erwerbstätigkeit; Schulabschluss; Haushaltsnettoeinkommen (gruppiert); Parteipräferenz bei der nächsten Bundestagswahl; Wahlverhalten bei der letzten Bundestagswahl.
The study of language life (gengo seikatsu) in Japan evolved from the 1930s onwards. Often called "Japan's indigenous tradition of sociolinguistics", gengo seikatsu was however never one unified approach to the study of language in society. It evolved from sociological and folklore studies of the 1920s when scholars became critical of the political loading of terms such as "nation" or "citizen" and therefore shifted attention to individual everyday life. Japanese linguists also picked up this idea, and we can find a number of studies and theorization before 1945. After WWII, we can first find two opposing traditions to the study of language life. Centered on a theory developed by Tokieda Motoki who saw language being first and foremost a process of expression and reception acts, Japanese scholars were in particular interested in studying how the contextual setting (ba) influenced language use and structure. At the same time, the Japanese Institute of Japanese Language combined research into literacy, dialects, Standard Japanese, honorific language, etc. with statistics. This particular approach is often seen as the study of language life tout court. In the 1980s language life gave way to sociolinguistics, but we can until today find traces of the bygone traditions of gengo seikatsu in Japanese sociolinguistics.
