Suchergebnisse

Unique institution through seniority, structure and organization, "Carol I" National Defense University has remarkably stood out, over time, among the military organizations of higher education in Romania, through the scope of its activities of training the officers in theory and practice. The article presents aspects of the constituting elements of the Superior War School (the initial name from 1889), with brief mentions of the years 1919, 1937 and 1939, illustrated with archival documents. The research is based on the documents studied at the National Military Archives, the Service of the Central National Historical Archives, the Library of the Romanian Academy and the Library of the "Carol I" National Defense University.

The Bulletin of "Carol I" National Defense University published by the Publishing House of the University is a quarterly scientific, peer-reviewed journal from Bucharest, Romania.The aim of Bulletin is to disseminate the results of the theoretical and practical research investigations undertaken by reputable professionals in the holistic field of defense resources management.The continuous changes at the level of higher military education in Romania, and especially those produced in the dissemination of information, have affected the means of communication and use at the level of human knowledge. The political, economic and social changes that have taken place over the years have also had a strong influence on how the military specialists, involved in the education process were to be informed. Thus, "Carol I" National Defense University Bulletin represents a forum for debate and analysis for academic and professional backgrounds and it is open to teachers, researchers, doctoral students and postdoctoral students, students, military and civilian personnel, to institutions belonging to the sphere of defense, public order and national security.

Klappentext: Zum ersten Mal wird die Herausbildung der Monarchie in Rumänien unter Carol I. anhand eines umfassenden Quellenmaterials untersucht und seine Rolle für die Stabilisierung des politischen Systems analysiert. Mit den ihm eigenen Formen gab Rumänien ein Beispiel ab für die erfolgreiche Übernahme des europäischen Modells einer konstitutionellen Monarchie mit einem fremden Herrscher an der Spitze.

This paper presents Romania's strategic position on the main European security programmes reflected and accepted at EU level, as well as a brief assessment of EU officials towards Romania and the concrete actions through which Romania decided to align with EU's security and defence standards. It discusses the main strategic objectives of Romania and the European Union, actions and measures to promote European cohesion in terms of security, but also other study elements, and research in the direction of national and international security.

"Industrial revolutions have generated major changes in the economy, politics and military affairs throughout human history and have led to innovation in all social fields, resulting in new approaches to military affairs. Companies are transforming and preparing their transition from an environment based on technological tools (physical) to one based on social mass engineering (mainly in the virtual environment), extremely refined, which subtly combines manipulation with addiction. The industrial society, as we have known it for more than a century, has become an information society and produces major changes in society and, implicitly, in the thinking of military strategies. In this context, due to the unprecedented development of information technology, the military confrontations of the future will change their main feature, namely violence, a component that will be increasingly mitigated and replaced, gradually, with non-kinetic means: political, economic, media, psychological and informational situations. There are, today, new military doctrines and strategies, characterised by the lack of classical rules for waging a war, through the ambiguity of the enemy or through the lack of dichotomy between war and peace, which have as characteristic another way of organising and conducting the fight. The present article focuses on aspects related to non-kinetic and cognitive combat means. We consider that the research is of interest because the implications of these means on the way of waging the war and their long-term effects that have not yet been fully known. In this context, we approach the field of social engineering, starting from the first references to this concept up to the present day, emphasising its applicability in social and political sciences as well as in psychology and cyber security."

Deception has long been an essential component of military operations. It can be considered a tactic as old as warfare, having been used since immemorial times. From Sun Tzu's "Art of War" to the present days, military strategists have recognized its power to turn the tide of conflict. Although, over the years, the methods, means and techniques specific to it have continuously evolved, along with technological developments, its basic principle remains the same: portraying a false reality to the adversary that leads to the materialization of operational opportunities, by causing the adversary to adopt courses of action disadvantageous to him. As the battlefield has become increasingly complex, the ability to deceive the adversary has also become an increasingly important asset to the success of military operations. Today, in an era of instant and abundant information, deception has paradoxically become more difficult to achieve and more critical to operational success. The deceptive action of the Ukrainians at Kherson last September against the Russians once again demonstrated its importance on the modern battlefield. However, many military planners tend to overlook this key aspect of military strategy despite its importance. This oversight can lead to grave consequences in the modern battlefield, where the enemy's ability to gather intelligence can hinder operational success. For this reason, the present paper is an analysis of how deception actions can be integrated into the operational planning process at the operational level in order to maximize the chances of their success and, consequently, the military operation success. The need for such a scientific approach arises from the complexity of the deception process, which places a special emphasis not only on the thoroughness in planning these actions but also on the need to integrate and synchronize them with other military actions.

The article analyzes the evaluation activity in military physical education within the training process, in general, and of the students from the command master's degree study programs, organized by "Carol I" National Defence University, in particular. Also, during the article, the importance of the evaluation process is noted, and some solutions are presented that can contribute to its optimization. Keywords: evaluation; military physical training; training; optimization; effect.

"The scientific and technological progress registered in the last decades has contributed to the development of radars with supreme radar detection abilities to better detect the air attack means of the enemy. These means, in turn, have contributed to the improvement of the parameters of the airborne surveillance systems in order to detect and to counter aerial threats. The structural and functional dynamics of the aerial surveillance systems have pursued continuous adaptation to the complexity of the battlefield environment in modern warfare, ensuring the information necessary for the coherent and effective engagement of forces in the conduct of military operations."

The creative genius and strategic vision of great commanders, influenced by technological advancements, have led to a continuous adaptation of naval tactics employed in independent or joint military actions throughout history. A significant period of time has passed during which it seemed that nothing had changed in the realm of tactics. The evolution of modern military operations, in the context of hybrid warfare, multidomain operations, and both conventional and special military actions, signals the need to reconsider the ways in which naval forces are involved in combat operations. The historical and evolutionary analysis of naval tactics suggests the necessity of conceptual adaptation to the demands of the operational environment and optimization of operational planning in light of technological developments. In this context, our concern
is to identify theoretical approaches to the utilization of modern platforms that respond to the need for projecting new vectors. To achieve it, our focus is directed towards exploring the opportunities for developing drone tactics, particularly in the maritime environment, as well as promoting the concept of drone-carrying platforms.

"The maritime power of a state is not built overnight. That is the result of a long process based on articulated strategies, the needs of a state to defend and promote its maritime interests, and it depends on the economic power as well as the maritime ambition. In this regard, it must be said that the Russian Federation Black Sea Fleet has not appeared from nowhere. It has had a step-by-step strategy with relevant presence and military actions having significant strategic influences in the region. As part of this endeavour, a presentation will be made on the emergence, evolution, and modernisation of the Black Sea Fleet, in relation to the geopolitical realities and regional interests of the Russian Federation. Thus, the purpose of this approach is to identify the principles that underpin the promotion of a maritime strategy in the Black Sea region, in relation to the peculiarities of a semi-enclosed sea, and how they influence the development of the fleet. The novelty is determined by some important lessons learned. One of the main tasks of naval strategy in peacetime is to obtain sufficient space for the operations of one's naval forces and aircraft in times of war, so the size, configuration, and strategic position of the coast in a Narrow Sea do matter. Having this relevant example, we can highlight some characteristics of the centuries-old strategy for the development of Russian maritime power (especially that of the Black Sea) and its projection capacity in the World Ocean. From these conclusions, the Black Sea littoral states, members of NATO, can extract some lessons to be capitalised on. As a result of this analysis, we can underline the fact that, throughout history, the states involved could learn to win more through war than through peace."

"Over the time, spreading the commander's vision at the execution level has required a format as well as a language that could ensure the fluidity of information and their understanding, above all. This has taken shape in the concept that has been coined the "commander's intent", acknowledged as the key element in providing the necessary framework for expressing the freedom of action, playing the important role of strengthening and encouraging the initiative of subordinate commanders during mission accomplishment."