The Battle for the Migrants: The Introduction of Steamshipping on the North Atlantic and its Impact on the European Exodus
In: Research in maritime history no. 50
Introduction -- Part I: State policies and their influence on the connections between maritime and migration networks, 1830-1870 -- Part II: The impact of steam shipping on Transatlantic migration, 1870-1914 -- The role of middlemen -- Competition and collusion: the growing pains of passenger shipping conferences -- The IMM merger and further consolidations in the shipping industry -- The nationalization of American migration policies and the visible hand of the shipping industry -- Shipping companies' interference with the enactment and implimentation of immigration laws during the Progressive Era -- Conclusion -- Appendix 1: Rates of the NDLV members for the American market -- Appendix 2: HAL total passengers, 1873-1914 -- Appendix 3: Total passengers of the main services on the North Atlantic and number of sailings, 1899-1914 -- Appendix 4: HAL through rates to and from hinterland destinations, 1893-1907 -- Appendix 5: New York agents and agents under bond, 1897-1909 -- Appendix 6: Advertisements by the HAL in American newspapers.