Suchergebnisse

Multispectral and conventional cameras (red, green, blue [RGB] imager) onboard unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provide very high spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution data. To evaluate the capacity of these techniques to assess vineyard water status, we carried out a study in a cv. Monastrell vineyard located in southeastern Spain in 2018 and 2019. Several irrigation strategies were applied, including different water quality and quantity regimes. Flights were performed using conventional and multispectral cameras mounted on the UAV throughout the growth cycle. Several visible and multispectral vegetation indices (VIs) were determined from the images with only vegetation (without soil and shadows, among others). Stem water potential was measured by pressure chamber, and the water stress integral (Sψ) was obtained during the season. Simple linear regression models that used VIs and green cover canopy (GCC) to predict Sψ were tested. The results indicate that visible VIs best correlated with Sψ. The green leaf index (GLI), visible atmospherically resistant index (VARI), and GCC showed the best fits in 2018, with R = 0.8, 0.72, and 0.73, respectively. When the best model developed with the 2018 data was applied to the 2019 data set, the model fit poorly. This suggests that on-ground measurements of vine stress must be taken each growing season to redevelop a model that predicts water stress from UAV-based imaging. ; This research was funded by Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, grant numbers RTC-2017-6365-2, AGL2017-82927- C3-2-R, and AGL2017-83738-C3-3-R; and by the Government of Castilla-La Mancha, grant number SBPLY/17/180501/000251. The authors acknowledge the funding from Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities with a University Teaching Scholarship (Formación de Profesorado Universitario, FPU)

Multispectral and conventional cameras (red, green, blue [RGB] imager) onboard unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provide very high spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution data. To evaluate the capacity of these techniques to assess vineyard water status, we carried out a study in a cv. Monastrell vineyard located in southeastern Spain in 2018 and 2019. Several irrigation strategies were applied, including different water quality and quantity regimes. Flights were performed using conventional and multispectral cameras mounted on the UAV throughout the growth cycle. Several visible and multispectral vegetation indices (VIs) were determined from the images with only vegetation (without soil and shadows, among others). Stem water potential was measured by pressure chamber, and the water stress integral (Sψ) was obtained during the season. Simple linear regression models that used VIs and green cover canopy (GCC) to predict Sψ were tested. The results indicate that visible VIs best correlated with Sψ. The green leaf index (GLI), visible atmospherically resistant index (VARI), and GCC showed the best fits in 2018, with R = 0.8, 0.72, and 0.73, respectively. When the best model developed with the 2018 data was applied to the 2019 data set, the model fit poorly. This suggests that on-ground measurements of vine stress must be taken each growing season to redevelop a model that predicts water stress from UAV-based imaging. ; This research was funded by Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, grant numbers RTC-2017-6365-2, AGL2017-82927- C3-2-R, and AGL2017-83738-C3-3-R; and by the Government of Castilla-La Mancha, grant number SBPLY/17/180501/000251. The authors acknowledge the funding from Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities with a University Teaching Scholarship (Formación de Profesorado Universitario, FPU)

A histidine-based gemini cationic lipid, which had already demonstrated its efficiency as a plasmid DNA (pDNA) nanocarrier, has been used in this work to transfect a small interfering RNA (siRNA) into cancer cells. In combination with the helper lipid monoolein glycerol (MOG), the cationic lipid was used as an antiGFP-siRNA nanovector in a multidisciplinary study. Initially, a biophysical characterization by zeta potential (ζ) and agarose gel electrophoresis experiments was performed to determine the lipid effective charge and confirm siRNA compaction. The lipoplexes formed were arranged in Lα lamellar lyotropic liquid crystal phases with a cluster-type morphology, as cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies revealed. Additionally, in vitro experiments confirmed the high gene knockdown efficiency of the lipid-based nanovehicle as detected by flow cytometry (FC) and epifluorescence microscopy, even better than that of Lipofectamine2000*, the transfecting reagent commonly used as a positive control. Cytotoxicity assays indicated that the nanovector is non-toxic to cells. Finally, using nano-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS), apolipoprotein A-I and A-II followed by serum albumin were identified as the proteins with higher affinity for the surface of the lipoplexes. This fact could be beyond the remarkable silencing activity of the histidine-based lipid nanocarrier herein presented ; This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU) (Grant RTI2018-095844-B-I00 and CTQ2017-88948-P), the University Complutense of Madrid (Spain) (project number UCMA05-33-010), and the Regional Government of Madrid (Grant P2018/NMT-4389). P.T. thanks Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) through the Project MAT2016-80266-R and Xunta de Galicia (Grupo de Referencia Competitiva ED431C 2018/26; Agrupación Estratégica en Materiales-AEMAT ED431E 2018/08). ERDF funds are all greatly acknowledged. The proteomic ...