Syrian refugees in Turkey: a demographic profile and linked social challenges
In: International population studies
11 Ergebnisse
Sortierung:
In: International population studies
In: International population studies
This book examines the changing demographic situation of Syrian refugees and the host community in Turkey, one of the major refugee hosting countries in the world, relying on a recent representative dataset. Conflicts and the resulting unrest force people to flee their countries and take refuge in foreign lands. Such refugee movements across the world have increased significantly in recent times. Turkey accounts for the greatest refugee population in the world today. This has drastically impacted the Turkish demographics, leading to different demographic situations in refugee communities in the country. This book presents an in-depth research on the impact of forced displacement on the demographic behaviour of Syrian refugees in Turkey in general, and more specifically the way transformed family structures, unregistered children, fertility behaviours and early marriages impacted their lives. The book also contributes to the existing knowledge and discourse on refugee integration by shedding light on their experiences related to access to labour market opportunities and education opportunities, wellbeing and mobility. It also helps in linking demography of Syrian community to the socio-economic challenges in Turkey by means of incorporating crucial demographic variables into the analysis. Offering valuable insights into various dimensions of life, this book has an interdisciplinary appeal and will thus be a key resource for academics and scholars of demography, refugee studies, migration studies and sociology. It will also be a valuable and unique reference work for people in governments, international agencies and non-governmental organizations.
In: Kadın/Woman 2000, Journal for Women's Studies, Band 21, Heft 1, S. 1-20
The highest threat for intimate partner femicide (IPF) is previous history of intimate partner violence (IPV). This study estimates magnitude of women with an increased IPF risk in Turkey based on prevalence data of different forms of violence among specific high-risk groups from the Research on Domestic Violence against Women in Turkey (2014) and 2014 population size. Correspondingly, around 2 million 15-59-aged-women are currently exposed to IPV. Some 1 million women face concurrent threats of physical, sexual, emotional violence. 170 thousand women are threatened/attacked with lethal objects. Among divorced/separated women, almost 123 thousand severe violence survivors confront high-risk of femicide.
Technological developments and migration waves taking place in much of the world constitute the principal foci of the era we live in. These dynamism, mobility and innovation bring along not only paradigmatic transformations but also problematization of adaptation and implementation of vital and organizational activities through policies and strategies. In this period where establishing the relationship of knowledge and politics at the highest order is of the essence, inter-institutional and interpersonal active interaction and communication become more possible by being open to cooperations and collaborations in both local and international levels. Within this context, Turkey, with its demografic structure, health system, and migration and population policies, is in a constantly and rapidly changing and developing position, and the knowledge and policies to be produced in these issues have a more distinctive meaning and value than ever. As the eleventh demographic survey and sixth Turkey Demographic and Health Survey carried out by Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies since 1968, 2018 TDHS has re-constructed itself on aforementioned focal points. In this sense, it has the feature of being the first and most extensive research to produce nationally representative quantitative data by means of sample, listing, fieldwork stages designed specific to Syrian migrant population living in Turkey along with Turkey population in general. Data-based monitoring of Turkey is of high importance in terms of Sustainable Development Goals. With this design, some indicators for Turkey, which cannot be obtained from other data sources, are produced within the scope of 2018 TDHS. Additionally, Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI) has been preferred in 2018 TDHS as an innovative technique in order to, first, be in tune with the times through technological improvements and in line with their requirements; and, second, to contribute epistemologically, ontologically and methodologically to the discussions of the minimization of time-labour-budget triangle while maximizing the data quality. Under the light of this theoretical and political background, 2018 TDHS was initiated in May 2018 as a 30- month project. After the completion of sample design, sample selection, and questionnaire design, the listing activity took place in August-September 2018; and data collection and data entry activities in October 2018-February 2019. In 2018 TDHS, interviews were completed with 13,982 households and 7,345 women in 15-49 age group in 754 clusters. In realization of 2018 TDHS, many institutions and individuals had significant efforts, contributions and support at various stages. I would like to thank The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey who has supported the 2018 TDHS project as a Research and Development (R&D) project under the 1007 Support Program for Research Projects of Public Institutions; the Presidency of Turkey Directorate of Strategy and Budget who is the beneficiary institute and has contributed to all stages of the project; the Ministry of Health, Public Health Institution of Turkey, especially for their support during fieldwork; the Turkish Statistical Institute and the Ministry of Interior Directorate General of Migration Management for their contribution in sample selection; the Governorships, Provincial Public Health Directorates and Provincial Directorates of Migration Management and UNICEF Turkey for their support during the fieldwork. T xiv • Preface I pay tribute to valuable contributions of the Steering Committee members of 2018 TDHS and contributions of academics, employees of public and international institutions, who did not withhold their support and recommendations during the questionnaire design. I am grateful to all respondents in selected households of the survey sample who accepted to be involved in the survey and answered the questions, as well as the personnel in pre-testing, listing, data collection and data entry for their efforts. Without their participation, this survey could not have been carried out. I would like to thank all experts at the DHS Program/ICF International team for their contributions to data entry, data processing and analysis and to the finalization of the report in English, as well as to making the survey reach international standards. I would like to express my gratitude to our Rector Prof. Dr. A. Haluk Özen for his support in all phases of the most recent survey of demographic survey series carried out more than a half century by Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Last but not least, I would like to thank to our Institute's professors, academic staff, project assistants and administrative personnel, who actualized the survey by contributing to all stages of 2018 TDHS with their endeavors and knowledge. ; Dünyanın birçok yerinde yaşanan göç dalgaları ve teknolojik gelişmeler, içinde bulunduğumuz çağın temel odak noktalarını oluşturmaktadır. Bu dinamizm, hareketlilik ve yenilik yalnızca paradigmatik dönüşümleri değil, yaşamsal ve organizasyonel faaliyetlerin politika ve stratejiler üzerinden uyarlanma ve uygulanma sorunsalını da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bilgi ve politika ilişkisinin en üst düzeyde kurulmasının hayati önem taşıdığı bu dönemde kurumlar ve bireyler arası aktif etkileşim ve iletişim hem yerel düzeyde hem de uluslararası düzeyde işbirliklerine açık olmakla daha mümkün hale gelmektedir. Bu bağlamda, demografik yapısı, sağlık sistemi, göç ve nüfus politikalarıyla Türkiye, sürekli ve hızlı değişim ve gelişim gösteren bir ülke konumundadır ve bu konularda üretilecek bilgi ve politikalar da her zamankinden farklı bir anlam ve değere sahiptir. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü olarak 1968 yılından bu yana gerçekleştirdiğimiz demografik araştırmaların onbirincisi, Türkiye Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırmaları (TNSA) serisinin ise altıncısı olan 2018 TNSA, adı geçen temel odak noktalarını içerecek şekilde kendini yeniden inşa etmiştir. Bu anlamda, Türkiye nüfusuna ek olarak, Türkiye'deki Suriyeli göçmen nüfusu özelinde de oluşturulan örneklem, listeleme ve saha çalışmaları ile üretilen veri açısından ülke genelinde temsiliyeti olan ilk ve en kapsamlı çalışma özelliği taşımaktadır. Türkiye'nin Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri açısından, veri temelli olarak izlenmesi son derece önemlidir. Bu amaçla Türkiye için başka veri kaynaklarından elde edilemeyen bazı göstergeler 2018 TNSA kapsamında üretilmiştir. Buna ek olarak, teknolojik gelişmeler ve bundan doğan ihtiyaçlar doğrultusunda çağa uyum sağlamak ve veri kalitesini artırırken zaman-emek-bütçe üçgeninin minimizasyonu tartışmalarına da epistemolojik, ontolojik ve metodolojik olarak katkıda bulunabilmek amacıyla bilgisayar destekli yüz yüze görüşme (CAPI) tekniği bir yenilik olarak tercih edilmiştir. Tüm bu teorik ve politik arkaplan ışığında, 2018 TNSA 30 aylık bir proje olarak 2018 yılı Mayıs ayında başlamıştır. Örneklem tasarımı ve seçimi ile soru kağıdı tasarım çalışmaları tamamlandıktan sonra, AğustosEylül 2018 tarihleri arasında listeleme çalışması ve Ekim 2018-Şubat 2019 tarihlerinde soru kağıdı uygulama ve veri girişi çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. 2018 TNSA'da 754 kümede 13.982 hanehalkı ve 15-49 yaş arasındaki 7.345 kadınla görüşmeler tamamlanmıştır. 2018 TNSA'nın gerçekleştirilmesinde birçok kurum ve kişinin çeşitli aşamalarda çok önemli emekleri, payları ve destekleri bulunmaktadır. 2018 TNSA projesini bir AR-GE projesi olarak 1007 Kamu Kurumları Araştırma ve Geliştirme Projelerini Destekleme Programı kapsamında destekleyen Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu'na; projede Müşteri Kurum olarak yer alan ve çalışmanın her aşamasında katkılarını esirgemeyen T.C. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Bütçe ve Strateji Başkanlığı'na; özellikle saha faaliyeti sırasındaki kıymetli desteklerinden dolayı T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı, Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü'ne; örneklem seçimindeki katkıları için Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu'na ve T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı Göç İdaresi Genel Müdürlüğü'ne; saha çalışmasının gerçekleştirilmesindeki destekleri için Valiliklere, İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü, İl Göç İdaresi Müdürlüklerine ve UNICEF Türkiye Ofisine teşekkür ediyorum. 2018 TNSA'nın Yönlendirme Komitesi üyelerinin değerli katkılarını ve soru kağıdı tasarımı sırasında destek ve önerilerini esirgemeyen akademisyen, kamu ve uluslararası kurum çalışanlarının katkılarını da takdirle anıyorum. D xiv • Önsöz Araştırma örneklemine seçilmiş hanelerde çalışmaya katılmayı kabul ederek soruları yanıtlayan tüm cevaplayıcılar ile sahada çalışan tüm öndeneme, listeleme, soru kağıdı uygulaması elemanlarının katılımı olmadan bu araştırma gerçekleşemezdi, bu vesile ile emeklerinden dolayı hepsine minnetlerimi sunuyorum. Veri toplama, veri işleme ve analizi ve İngilizce raporun sonuçlandırılmasındaki ve araştırmanın uluslararası standartlara erişmesindeki katkıları için the DHS Program/ICF International ekibinde emek veren tüm uzmanlara da teşekkür ediyorum. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü'nün yarım yüzyılı aşan demografik araştırmalar serisinin en yenisine her aşamasında verdikleri destek için Rektörümüz Prof. Dr. A. Haluk Özen'e; bu projenin her aşamasında yer alıp, tüm emek ve bilgi birikimlerini vererek araştırmanın gerçekleştirilmesini sağlayan Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü'nün öğretim üyeleri, öğretim elemanları, proje bursiyerleri ve idari personelimize şükranlarımı sunuyorum.
BASE
In: Journal of biosocial science: JBS, Band 55, Heft 4, S. 779-794
ISSN: 1469-7599
AbstractThe decline in fertility, rapid urbanization and the increase in women's education levels in Turkey are simultaneous transformations. The coexistence and interaction of these transformations is the focal point for the interpretation of fertility trajectories in Turkey. This article explores Turkey's heterogeneous fertility structure by examining the fertility trajectories of women between 1949 and 1978 cohorts. It also examines changes in these trajectories in light of Turkey's fertility decline and interprets those changes through comparisons of women whose fertility behaviors are similar. Using three waves (1998, 2008 and 2018) of the Turkey Demographic and Health Survey data, we employed sequence analysis to calculate fertility trajectories and form clusters from these trajectories. The background similarities of women in the same fertility clusters were investigated with distance analysis, and we calculated predicted probabilities from multinomial logistic regression results and predicted cluster membership. The heterogeneous nature of fertility in Turkey during the demographic transition period shaped the transition process and it can be predicted that such heterogeneity will shape post-transition fertility. The behavior of having two children became the norm during this period, and greater spacing between births or even stopping after the first child became a preferred option among educated women who grew up in cities. For women who grew up in rural areas and uneducated women, we observed a transition from higher parities to three-norm.
In: Comparative population studies: CPoS ; open acess journal of the Federal Institute for Population Research = Zeitschrift für Bevölkerungsforschung, Band 45, S. 179-199
ISSN: 1869-8999
This study examines birth registration for children of adolescent mothers based on family and citizenship concepts, and discusses the negotiation of registration practices between state and family in Turkey. The study is based on two data sources: official Turkish birth statistics from January 2009 to December 2015, and the Turkish Demographic and Health Survey from 2013 (TDHS-2013). We used TDHS-2013 to estimate birth registration completeness and timeliness in Turkey as of 2015. The results show 99 percent completion for birth registration of children under 5 years for the 2011-2015 period. For the same period, 98 percent of births to adolescent mothers were registered, but only 78 percent of all births to adolescent mothers were registered on time - within 30 days. Results indicate that the birth registration system is complete for Turkey in general, even for adolescent mothers, since their offspring are eventually registered, however the timeliness of registration is low for adolescent births. Late registration periods are shortening with time but the rights of unregistered children of adolescent mothers are slow to be recognized in cases where modern regulations of birth registration and traditional family practices collide.
In: Sosyoloji dergisi: Journal of sociology, Band 39, Heft 2
ISSN: 2667-6931
In: Vienna yearbook of population research, Band 19
ISSN: 1728-5305
The results of empirical studies focusing on gender differences in subjective wellbeing based on either national or comparative international data are inconclusive. In Turkey, where levels of gender inequality are high, women tend to report higher levels of life satisfaction than men. This study investigates the relationship between factors related to women's empowerment and life satisfaction for both ever-married and never-married women using the 2018 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey (TDHS), which collected data on life satisfaction for the first time in a TDHS series. The results show that in addition to their material resources and living environment, factors related to women's agency – i.e., education and participation in decisionmaking – are associated with women's levels of life satisfaction.
The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the funders. Data for this research was provided by MEASURE Evaluation, funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Views expressed do not necessarily reflect those of USAID, the US Government, or MEASURE Evaluation. The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics granted the researchers access to relevant data in accordance with licence no. SLN2014-3-170, after subjecting data to processing aiming to preserve the confidentiality of individual data in accordance with the General Statistics Law-2000. The researchers are solely responsible for the conclusions and inferences drawn upon available data. ; Background Assessments of age-specific mortality and life expectancy have been done by the UN Population Division, Department of Economics and Social Affairs (UNPOP), the United States Census Bureau, WHO, and as part of previous iterations of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD). Previous iterations of the GBD used population estimates from UNPOP, which were not derived in a way that was internally consistent with the estimates of the numbers of deaths in the GBD. The present iteration of the GBD, GBD 2017, improves on previous assessments and provides timely estimates of the mortality experience of populations globally. Methods The GBD uses all available data to produce estimates of mortality rates between 1950 and 2017 for 23 age groups, both sexes, and 918 locations, including 195 countries and territories and subnational locations for 16 countries. Data used include vital registration systems, sample registration systems, household surveys (complete birth histories, summary birth histories, sibling histories), censuses (summary birth histories, household deaths), and Demographic Surveillance Sites. In total, this analysis used 8259 data sources. Estimates of the probability of death between birth and the age of 5 years and between ages 15 and 60 years are generated and then input into a model life table system to produce complete life tables for all locations and years. Fatal discontinuities and mortality due to HIV/AIDS are analysed separately and then incorporated into the estimation. We analyse the relationship between age-specific mortality and development status using the Socio-demographic Index, a composite measure based on fertility under the age of 25 years, education, and income. There are four main methodological improvements in GBD 2017 compared with GBD 2016: 622 additional data sources have been incorporated; new estimates of population, generated by the GBD study, are used; statistical methods used in different components of the analysis have been further standardised and improved; and the analysis has been extended backwards in time by two decades to start in 1950. Findings Globally, 18·7% (95% uncertainty interval 18·4–19·0) of deaths were registered in 1950 and that proportion has been steadily increasing since, with 58·8% (58·2–59·3) of all deaths being registered in 2015. At the global level, between 1950 and 2017, life expectancy increased from 48·1 years (46·5–49·6) to 70·5 years (70·1–70·8) for men and from 52·9 years (51·7–54·0) to 75·6 years (75·3–75·9) for women. Despite this overall progress, there remains substantial variation in life expectancy at birth in 2017, which ranges from 49·1 years (46·5–51·7) for men in the Central African Republic to 87·6 years (86·9–88·1) among women in Singapore. The greatest progress across age groups was for children younger than 5 years; under-5 mortality dropped from 216·0 deaths (196·3–238·1) per 1000 livebirths in 1950 to 38·9 deaths (35·6–42·83) per 1000 livebirths in 2017, with huge reductions across countries. Nevertheless, there were still 5·4 million (5·2–5·6) deaths among children younger than 5 years in the world in 2017. Progress has been less pronounced and more variable for adults, especially for adult males, who had stagnant or increasing mortality rates in several countries. The gap between male and female life expectancy between 1950 and 2017, while relatively stable at the global level, shows distinctive patterns across super-regions and has consistently been the largest in central Europe, eastern Europe, and central Asia, and smallest in south Asia. Performance was also variable across countries and time in observed mortality rates compared with those expected on the basis of development. Interpretation This analysis of age-sex-specific mortality shows that there are remarkably complex patterns in population mortality across countries. The findings of this study highlight global successes, such as the large decline in under-5 mortality, which reflects significant local, national, and global commitment and investment over several decades. However, they also bring attention to mortality patterns that are a cause for concern, particularly among adult men and, to a lesser extent, women, whose mortality rates have stagnated in many countries over the time period of this study, and in some cases are increasing. ; Research reported in this publication was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the University of Melbourne, Public Health England, the Norwegian Institute of Public Health, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health (award P30AG047845), and the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health (award R01MH110163). ; Peer reviewed
BASE