Suchergebnisse

SummaryThere still are no empirical ethnological or anthropological studies on the 'sense of security' construction in non-formal subcultural youth groups in Lithuania. The results of the current research offer a premise that organization of non-formal subcultures is influenced by the sense of insecurity. In the paper, the sense of security is taken as a positive experience, a sense of community, proactivity. The main purpose of the paper is to analyze the possibilities and peculiarities of constructing the 'sense of security' within the non-formal youth subculture, focusing on the construction of links of trust and creation of a safe social environment. In 2004–2008, an ethnographic research was conducted while preparing a doctoral dissertation at the Vytautas Magnus University. Afterwards, the participation in subcultural activities was found to make one trust more in him / herself and others, help one to express him / herself, strengthen the inner 'me'. Within the subculture, non-formal links based on trust dominate, thus creating a "safe" social environment.Key words: non-formal subculture, values, sense of security, social organization.

The article focuses on the analysis of Lithuanian punk rock (also called punk/hardcore) subculture, especially its cultural influences from abroad during different historical periods. In order to achieve this goal, the main historical-cultural periods of the subculture were determined, the main features and values of the subculture of the periods determined were studied, and the features of Lithuanian and Western punk rock subculture were compared focusing on the main cultural influences. To obtain empirical data ethnographic research methods were applied: semi-structured in-depth interviews, questionnaires, analysis of group documents, etc. The respondents were chosen using the 'snow ball' sampling method. The research data were collected in 2005-2009. During the research, thirty semi-structured (in-depth) interviews with the most active and well-informed representatives of the subculture in Lithuanian were analysed. It can be concluded that during Soviet times, one of the main local features of Lithuanian punk rock subculture was ideological resistance towards communist system, and "do-it-yourself" ideas were cultivated as necessity. Cultural protest in this period was expressed by different appearance (style), in general. In the period of political thaw, Lithuanian punk rock subculture felt a kind of cultural verve, and it supported ideas of Lithuanian independence as well. After the retrieving of Lithuania's Independence, ideas of Western punk rock subculture began to flow intensively. In some time, the ideas of anti-capitalism, vegetarianism, feminism, human and animal rights become part of contemporary Lithuanian subculture, and "do-it-yourself" starts being cultivated as philosophy, not as necessity; the role of appearance (style) while expressing the cultural protest becomes almost insignificant, but still present.

The article focuses on the analysis of Lithuanian punk rock (also called punk/hardcore) subculture, especially its cultural influences from abroad during different historical periods. In order to achieve this goal, the main historical-cultural periods of the subculture were determined, the main features and values of the subculture of the periods determined were studied, and the features of Lithuanian and Western punk rock subculture were compared focusing on the main cultural influences. To obtain empirical data ethnographic research methods were applied: semi-structured in-depth interviews, questionnaires, analysis of group documents, etc. The respondents were chosen using the 'snow ball' sampling method. The research data were collected in 2005-2009. During the research, thirty semi-structured (in-depth) interviews with the most active and well-informed representatives of the subculture in Lithuanian were analysed. It can be concluded that during Soviet times, one of the main local features of Lithuanian punk rock subculture was ideological resistance towards communist system, and "do-it-yourself" ideas were cultivated as necessity. Cultural protest in this period was expressed by different appearance (style), in general. In the period of political thaw, Lithuanian punk rock subculture felt a kind of cultural verve, and it supported ideas of Lithuanian independence as well. After the retrieving of Lithuania's Independence, ideas of Western punk rock subculture began to flow intensively. In some time, the ideas of anti-capitalism, vegetarianism, feminism, human and animal rights become part of contemporary Lithuanian subculture, and "do-it-yourself" starts being cultivated as philosophy, not as necessity; the role of appearance (style) while expressing the cultural protest becomes almost insignificant, but still present.

The main object of this paper is to present representations of DIY culture in Lithuanian non-commercial punk subculture. Ethnographic qualitative research methods were used to obtain empirical data, including interviews, questionnaires, analysis of group documents, audio and video recordings, etc, along with Clifford Geertz's interpretative anthropological methods. The data was gathered between 2005-2008. During the research, 30 semi-structured in-depth interviews were undertaken. The analysis shows that anti-consumer values in Lithuanian subculture are closely connected with DIY culture. The appreciation of these attitudes derives from protest against 'the system', avoidance of the official bureaucratic apparatus and the belief among participants that everything that is done officially can be achieved equally well by themselves. The organisation of concerts, the making of fanzines and other events on the punk scene are based on the enthusiasm and voluntarism the those involved. Subcultural activity enables its members' self-confidence, and constructs an active, conscious and critical self-image.