Suchergebnisse

AbstractPetrochemical industries have been widely recognised as important emission sources of airborne contaminants including heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs, which affect the quality of air, soil and vegetation. In this study, our aim was to examine the phytotoxicity and phytogenotoxicity of soils and air in the vicinity of a petrochemical plant, in order to assess the potential threat of such industrial objects for crops and natural vegetation, in the cases when the allowable concentrations of contaminants are not exceeded and the plants in the vicinity visually do not seem to be affected. For phytotoxicity and phytogenotoxicity assessment, the Phytotoxkit and respectively Vicia RTA and TRAD MCN bioassays were used. According to our results, in spite of relatively low content of heavy metals and PAHs (hardly any exceedance of standards), the phytotoxicity and especially phytogenotoxicity of soil samples collected up to 18 km from the refinery were detected by the bioindicators. The phytogenotoxicity of air was also indicated within the distance of up to 12 km. We concluded that to obtain the complete view of the environmental risks in a surveyed area, a combination of chemical analysis of environmental samples with the bioindication methods should be implemented. In addition, setting the acceptable levels of contaminants should involve a more extensive use of bioindication methods (especially genotoxicity assessment).

Maintenance of ecological balance and creation of green infrastructure in the landscape are important features of sustainable development. This is strictly connected and correlated with the planning of land use and spatial management. The obligation of green structure creation has a legal basis (the State, European Union and international levels ), EU development and conservation strategies and adaptation planes for climate change such as transition to a green economy. The aim was to present the needs and special approach, called the method of "ecological truss," to landscape green structure planning in rural areas in central Poland, in Tarłów Commune, creating better possibilities to reconcile nature and biodiversity protection with land use and economic management. Creating rich green infrastructure leads to "ecologization" of the whole area and greater harmony of landscape. It supports strong opportunities and decreases endangerments indicated in documents of local development plans. Rich green infrastructure is a tool to approach closer sustainable development and give a significant chance, especially in peripheral and underdeveloped areas, for better living conditions for local people based on permanent use of natural and cultural values of the landscape rather than degrading them.