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The article focuses on the training and other various methods which will increase employeees' qualifications and capacities. The discussion will be divided into two parts: the theorectical background and the empirical results. These are the research results from our study in Polish and European, especially Polish enterprises. Both skills and qualifications are very popular and widely-used terms in the world of science and even government, and there has been a great increase of activities aiming towards the use of them amongst employees. The move is being supported by companies, institutions, public entities, and legislatives. According to the literature and business market reports, we can name some of the most desirable skills which are based on employers' most frequent inquiries, which include: communication, information technology (IT) skills, specialist/professional knowledge, availability, valid driver's license, required degree, creativity, and teamwork. In order to verify matters discussed above, empirical studies were carried out in December 2011. They were based on the interview questionnaires which mostly contained closed-ended questions. They also consisted of a pilot study and a pivotal study. Field research with the use of Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI) method was used. In order to increase the quality of the results, two questionnaires were created: one for employers and the other for supervisors. The core of the two research questionnaires was very similar, but the questions addressed to supervisors were created to discover their opinions towards employees and the influence of an educated team on the firm's condition. ; 2 ; 86-95 ; 4

Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie coachingu jako narzędzia zwiększającego szanse kobiet na realizację menedżerskiej ścieżki kariery przez wykorzystywanie osobistego potencjału w radzeniu sobie z wewnętrznymi i zewnętrznymi ograniczeniami. Mimo że stosowanie czy przebieg procesu coachingu nie jest różnicowany ze względu na płeć klienta, autorki wskazują na zasadność jego zastosowania w rozwoju zawodowym kobiet, które dążą do bycia menedżerami i konkurują o to stanowisko z mężczyznami. Na podstawie analizy współczesnej literatury krajowej i zagranicznej, jak również wywiadów prowadzonych z kobietami, które procesów przeszły i piastują wyższe funkcje w organizacjach, można powiedzieć, że coaching może być narzędziem ułatwiającym i przyspieszającym rozwój kariery. Prawdopodobnie pełni on podobną funkcję w przypadku mężczyzn, jednakże niniejsze opracowanie poświęcone jest udziałowi kobiet w procesie coachingowym.

Insufficient physical activity (PA) is one of major risk factors for serious diseases and premature mortality worldwide. Public policies to enhance PA across society are recognized as an effective tool against the problem. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of national-level PA policy approach in Poland. A standardized survey of Word Health Organization named the Health-Enhancing Physical Activity Policy Audit Tool (HEPA PAT) was used for data collection. Content analysis and strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis (SWOT) were used to characterize various PA policy aspects, to appraise the current situation, and accommodate organizational and environmental factors that it is influenced by. The results show that the national PA policy approach has been constantly developing in Poland, but there is room for improvement in a number of areas. The most important weaknesses are the lack of clear leadership, no mechanisms in place to coordinate efforts undertaken at different levels, and lack of collaboration across different levels of government and across different sectors of economy. Providing an umbrella covering all PA promotion policies and activities is, therefore, a key issue to be addressed. The country should seize the opportunity coming from an increasing awareness of a healthy lifestyle among Polish society.

Insufficient physical activity (PA) is one of major risk factors for serious diseases and premature mortality worldwide. Public policies to enhance PA across society are recognized as an effective tool against the problem. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive assessment of national-level PA policy approach in Poland. A standardized survey of Word Health Organization named the Health-Enhancing Physical Activity Policy Audit Tool (HEPA PAT) was used for data collection. Content analysis and strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis (SWOT) were used to characterize various PA policy aspects, to appraise the current situation, and accommodate organizational and environmental factors that it is influenced by. The results show that the national PA policy approach has been constantly developing in Poland, but there is room for improvement in a number of areas. The most important weaknesses are the lack of clear leadership, no mechanisms in place to coordinate efforts undertaken at different levels, and lack of collaboration across different levels of government and across different sectors of economy. Providing an umbrella covering all PA promotion policies and activities is, therefore, a key issue to be addressed. The country should seize the opportunity coming from an increasing awareness of a healthy lifestyle among Polish society.