Suchergebnisse

The paper reveals features of a European style of management as the competencies of top managers of international companies enabling them to better understand the processes taking place in modern business environment and to employ them in gaining competitive advantage. The precondition of this kind of management is based on historically formed specific features of social communication in Europe, social changes of recent decades, as well as the processes of integration, highlighting and strengthening other aspects of economy and social development. The paper consists of the introduction, two parts and the summary. The first part deals with the elements of the European management style, as distinguished by the researchers of this area, and the main aspects of international business, in which these elements manifest themselves, are identified. The second part substantiates understanding of the elements of the European style of management as the competencies of the top managers of international enterprises, based on the statements of the resource-based approach and the conception of basic competencies. The summary suggests that the elements of European management style, as the managers' competences, can operate as leverage enabling better exploitation of resources (especially, human) and opportunities emerging in a business environment. ; Straipsnyje europietiškojo stiliaus bruožai yra atskleidžiami kaip tam tikras tarptautinių įmonių vadovų kompetencijos, leidžiančios jiems geriau suvokti šiuolaikinėje Europos verslo aplinkoje vykstančius procesus ir išnaudoti juos įgyjant konkurencinį pranašumą. Tokio požiūrio prielaida yra Europoje istoriškai susiklostę žmonių bendravimo ypatumai, pastarųjų dešimtmečių socialinės permainos, taip pat integraciniai procesai, išryškinantys ir sustiprinantys kitus mūsų žemyno ekonomikos ir visuomenės raidos aspektus. Straipsnį sudaro įvadas, dvi dalys ir apibendrinimas. Pirmoje dalyje yra aptariami europietiškojo vadybos stiliaus bruožai, išskirti šį klausimą nagrinėjusių mokslininkų, bei nurodomi pagrindiniai tarptautinio verslo vykdymo aspektai, kuriuose šie bruožai pasireiškia. Antroje dalyje, remiantis ištekliais grįsto požiūrio ir esminių kompetencijų koncepcijos teiginiais, yra pagrindžiamos europietiškojo vadybos stiliaus bruožai kaip tarptautinių įmonių vadovų kompetencijų suvokimas. Kaip teigia esminių kompetencijų koncepcijos autoriai, esant bet kokių neatitikimų tarp įmonės tikslų ir disponuojamų instrumentų šiems tikslams pasiekti, atsiranda "dinaminė įtampa". Kaip tik tokios būsenos šiuo metu yra daugelis Lietuvos įmonių, kurios praranda kvalifikuotą darbo jėgą, vietinius vartotojus ir nemato būdų esamai situacijai pakeisti. Jei jų tikslu laikysime (tai atrodo visai logiška) siekimą bent kiek ilgiau sėkmingai veikti rinkoje, tampa akivaizdu, kad šiam tikslui siekti jos neturi tokių instrumentų kaip visuomenės pasitikėjimas (suponuojamas socialinės atsakomybės), darbuotojų lojalumas (kuris priklauso nuo darbdavio / vadovo požiūrio į darbuotoją kaip į žmogų) ar ilgalaikė strategija (didele dalimi grindžiama pirmaisiais dviem elementais). Kaip rodo praktika, vadybinių sprendimų priėmimas vadovaujantis vien rinkos kategorijomis (kuriomis grįstas amerikietiškasis vadybos stilius), tokioje situacijoje laukiamų rezultatų neduoda. Tuo tarpu, laikant europietiškojo vadybos stiliaus elementus vadybinėmis kompetencijomis, esminėmis dabartinėmis sąlygomis, galima užtikrinti sprendimų: – pragmatiškumą, paremtą empirizmu, individualizmu ir mąstymu konkurencingumo kategorijomis; – racionalumą, susijusį su vadybos depersonalizacija ir didesnio svorio suteikimu struktūroms; – holistiškumą, akcentuojantį įmonės, kaip didesnės sistemos (šalies ar regiono ekonomikos ir visuomenės) sudėtinės dalies matymą; – humaniškumą, pabrėžiantį žmogaus vaidmenį versle ir neekonominius veiklos motyvus. Taip europietiškojo vadybos stiliaus elementai tampa svertu, kuris gali padėti įmonių vadovams sušvelninti būseną, esminių kompetencijų koncepcijoje vadinamą "dinamine įtampa". Europietiškojo vadybos stiliaus kristalizavimosi procesas vyksta erdvėje, kurioje formuojasi vieninga verslo kultūra. Šio proceso sėkmė taip pat turi reikšmės ir globalaus verslo plėtrai: nepriklausomai nuo globalaus verslo transkontinentalumo koncepcijos, jis vis tiek išliks susijęs su geografine, politine ar kultūrine įvairove. Galbūt kartu su europietišku vadybos stiliumi kristalizuojasi ir ateities vadybos užuomazgos.

he article deals with various reasons, encouragingenterprises of Lithuania to apply the practice of involvementof employees into enterprise management,widely applied in the countries of Western Europe.The main aim of a modern enterprise managementshould be the increase of business effectiveness in thecontext of globalization and European integration. Toachieve this aim, special attention should be paid to thefactors expressing abilities for the increase of businesseffectiveness. Among the factors the most importantplace is taken by the adequacy of enterprise managementto the situation, which is caused by increasinglyintensifying progress of science and technology as wellas formation of the information society.After Lithuania has become a member of the EU thepractice of employee involvement into enterprise managementwill have to be introduced in enterprises ofLithuania, because this is one of the requirements listedin the EU agreements and legal documents. Most ofthese documents are not legally binding (except the EUdirectives), however they oblige to accept political obligations.Knowing the diligence of Lithuanian politics inthe implementation of such obligations (especially intransferring the EU directives into the national law),one can expect quite concrete and strict requirements inthis sphere.Apart from the legal obligations, the practice ofemployee involvement as well by the market economymechanisms are encouraged. Most theories and conceptionsacknowledge the application of more effectivemanagement forms to be the most important guaranteeof modern competitiveness. Seeking to become competitivein the EU internal market, enterprises of Lithuaniawill have to adopt practice of enterprises of the WesternEuropean countries, because the old means of competitiveness,like cheap labour force, less expensive rawmaterials from the East, close neighbourhood of theEastern markets cannot assure successful business development.The analysis presented in the article shows, that involvementof employees into enterprise ...

Changes of directions and volumes of Lithuanian foreign trade during the last fifteen years are analyzed in the article. They are understood as the consequences of Lithuania's integration into the EU, which are provided by economic integration theories. The paper consists of introduction, two parts and conclusions. The first part identifies the changes of Lithuanian foreign trade (trade creation and trade diversion) as part of the whole integration consequences system. On the basis of statistic data the scale and directions of trade creation and diversion caused by particular outline of Lithuania's integration – European Treaty enforcement in 1998 and entering the European Union in 2004 – are revealed in the second part. In both cases certain changes occurred in foreign trade – trade diversion refusing one partner and orienting to others as well as trade revival with particular partners. Those changes are named as the proof of Lithuania's economy as the whole and its subjects (enterprises) ability to react to the changes caused by integration processes, which is disclosed in the conclusions.

Changes of directions and volumes of Lithuanian foreign trade during the last fifteen years are analyzed in the article. They are understood as the consequences of Lithuania's integration into the EU, which are provided by economic integration theories. The paper consists of introduction, two parts and conclusions. The first part identifies the changes of Lithuanian foreign trade (trade creation and trade diversion) as part of the whole integration consequences system. On the basis of statistic data the scale and directions of trade creation and diversion caused by particular outline of Lithuania's integration – European Treaty enforcement in 1998 and entering the European Union in 2004 – are revealed in the second part. In both cases certain changes occurred in foreign trade – trade diversion refusing one partner and orienting to others as well as trade revival with particular partners. Those changes are named as the proof of Lithuania's economy as the whole and its subjects (enterprises) ability to react to the changes caused by integration processes, which is disclosed in the conclusions.

Changes of directions and volumes of Lithuanian foreign trade during the last fifteen years are analyzed in the article. They are understood as the consequences of Lithuania's integration into the EU, which are provided by economic integration theories. The paper consists of introduction, two parts and conclusions. The first part identifies the changes of Lithuanian foreign trade (trade creation and trade diversion) as part of the whole integration consequences system. On the basis of statistic data the scale and directions of trade creation and diversion caused by particular outline of Lithuania's integration – European Treaty enforcement in 1998 and entering the European Union in 2004 – are revealed in the second part. In both cases certain changes occurred in foreign trade – trade diversion refusing one partner and orienting to others as well as trade revival with particular partners. Those changes are named as the proof of Lithuania's economy as the whole and its subjects (enterprises) ability to react to the changes caused by integration processes, which is disclosed in the conclusions.